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Answer: B

(A) Navigating the unforgiving Antarctic terrain, in 1911 Roald Amundsen and his four-man crew began their groundbreaking expedition to the South Pole, and they were equipped only
terrain separated by related discussion.

(B) In 1911, Roald Amundsen and his four-man crew began their groundbreaking expedition to the South Pole, navigating the unforgiving Antarctic terrain equipped only
Correct sentence structure.

(C) In 1911, Roald Amundsen and his four-man crew, navigating the unforgiving Antarctic terrain, began their groundbreaking expedition to the South Pole, and they were only equipped

(D) Having navigated the unforgiving Antarctic terrain, in 1911Roald Amundsen and his four-man crew began their groundbreaking expedition to the South Pole; they were only equipped
"Having navigated the unforgiving Antarctic terrain" - incorrect, changes to something done prior.

(E) Roald Amundsen and his four-man crew, in 1911began their groundbreaking expedition to the South Pole, navigating the unforgiving Antarctic terrain, equipping themselves only
"equipping themselves only" incorrect
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Let's analyze the options:

(A) Navigating the unforgiving Antarctic terrain, in 1911 Roald Amundsen and his four-man crew began their groundbreaking expedition to the South Pole, and they were equipped only

- The sentence is somewhat awkward and lacks parallelism. It suggests that "navigating" is happening in 1911, which is not the intended meaning.

(B) In 1911, Roald Amundsen and his four-man crew began their groundbreaking expedition to the South Pole, navigating the unforgiving Antarctic terrain equipped only

- This option correctly places the time reference at the beginning and maintains parallelism. It is clear that the navigating is part of the expedition.

(C) In 1911, Roald Amundsen and his four-man crew, navigating the unforgiving Antarctic terrain, began their groundbreaking expedition to the South Pole, and they were only equipped

- This option is somewhat awkward and less concise. It introduces a slight ambiguity about who or what is "only equipped."

(D) Having navigated the unforgiving Antarctic terrain, in 1911 Roald Amundsen and his four-man crew began their groundbreaking expedition to the South Pole; they were only equipped

- This option uses a participle phrase ("Having navigated"), but it introduces an awkward break with a semicolon. The phrase "they were only equipped" is also somewhat awkward.

(E) Roald Amundsen and his four-man crew, in 1911began their groundbreaking expedition to the South Pole, navigating the unforgiving Antarctic terrain, equipping themselves only

- The phrase "equipping themselves only" is less concise than "equipped only."

Option (B) is the most concise and clear choice.
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(B) In 1911, Roald Amundsen and his four-man crew began their groundbreaking expedition to the South Pole, navigating the unforgiving Antarctic terrain equipped only
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IMO its B, although B is not quite structurally correct. But in next closest answer choice Option E, the usage of equipping is not idiomatic.
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Answer: (B)

(A): Dependent clause should modify the subject of the independent (in this case, should be Roald), rather than the year/date.
(B): Correct.
(C): Unnecessary comma breaks, and odd use of compound subject.
(D): Similar to (A)
(E): Strange phrasing and passive voice.
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Navigating the unforgiving Antarctic terrain, in 1911 Roald Amundsen and his four-man crew began their groundbreaking expedition to the South Pole, and they were equipped only with four sleds and basic provisions.


(A) Navigating the unforgiving Antarctic terrain, in 1911 Roald Amundsen and his four-man crew began their groundbreaking expedition to the South Pole, and they were equipped only ~ Correct sequencing will be 1st they began the expedition, than start navigating

(B) In 1911, Roald Amundsen and his four-man crew began their groundbreaking expedition to the South Pole, navigating the unforgiving Antarctic terrain equipped only ~ Correct sequencing with correct past tense usage.

(C) In 1911, Roald Amundsen and his four-man crew, navigating the unforgiving Antarctic terrain, began their groundbreaking expedition to the South Pole, and they were only equipped Correct sequencing will be 1st they began the expedition, than start navigating

(D) Having navigated the unforgiving Antarctic terrain, in 1911Roald Amundsen and his four-man crew began their groundbreaking expedition to the South Pole; they were only equipped ~ Correct sequencing will be 1st they began the expedition, than start navigating

(E) Roald Amundsen and his four-man crew, in 1911 began their groundbreaking expedition to the South Pole, navigating the unforgiving Antarctic terrain, equipping themselves only ~ Incorrect use of equipping, Correct usage should be equipped


IMO B.
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Navigating the unforgiving Antarctic terrain, in 1911 Roald Amundsen and his four-man crew began their groundbreaking expedition to the South Pole, and they were equipped only with four sleds and basic provisions.

(A) Navigating the unforgiving Antarctic terrain, in 1911 Roald Amundsen and his four-man crew began their groundbreaking expedition to the South Pole, and they were equipped only
Correct modifiers and correct meaning is conveyed. verbing modifier describes how they began their expedition

(B) In 1911, Roald Amundsen and his four-man crew began their groundbreaking expedition to the South Pole, navigating the unforgiving Antarctic terrain equipped only
Equipped incorrectly modifies terrain

(C) In 1911, Roald Amundsen and his four-man crew, navigating the unforgiving Antarctic terrain, began their groundbreaking expedition to the South Pole, and they were only equipped
Placement of ;only' is incorrect as it was not that they were only equipped but they were equipped only with a few things

(D) Having navigated the unforgiving Antarctic terrain, in 1911Roald Amundsen and his four-man crew began their groundbreaking expedition to the South Pole; they were only equipped
This is incorrectly showing causality

(E) Roald Amundsen and his four-man crew, in 1911began their groundbreaking expedition to the South Pole, navigating the unforgiving Antarctic terrain, equipping themselves only
Navigating and equipping are parallel and anre not connected by a conjunction

Ans A
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Bunuel
12 Days of Christmas 🎅 GMAT Competition with Lots of Questions & Fun

Navigating the unforgiving Antarctic terrain, in 1911 Roald Amundsen and his four-man crew began their groundbreaking expedition to the South Pole, and they were equipped only with four sleds and basic provisions.

(A) Navigating the unforgiving Antarctic terrain, in 1911 Roald Amundsen and his four-man crew began their groundbreaking expedition to the South Pole, and they were equipped only
(B) In 1911, Roald Amundsen and his four-man crew began their groundbreaking expedition to the South Pole, navigating the unforgiving Antarctic terrain equipped only
(C) In 1911, Roald Amundsen and his four-man crew, navigating the unforgiving Antarctic terrain, began their groundbreaking expedition to the South Pole, and they were only equipped
(D) Having navigated the unforgiving Antarctic terrain, in 1911Roald Amundsen and his four-man crew began their groundbreaking expedition to the South Pole; they were only equipped
(E) Roald Amundsen and his four-man crew, in 1911began their groundbreaking expedition to the South Pole, navigating the unforgiving Antarctic terrain, equipping themselves only


 


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(A) Navigating the unforgiving Antarctic terrain, in 1911 Roald Amundsen and his four-man crew began their groundbreaking expedition to the South Pole, and they were equipped only

Dangling modifier. The object/ person being modified should appear immediately. Eliminate.

(B) In 1911, Roald Amundsen and his four-man crew began their groundbreaking expedition to the South Pole, navigating the unforgiving Antarctic terrain equipped only

Correct as it. Communicates clear meaning.

(C) In 1911, Roald Amundsen and his four-man crew, navigating the unforgiving Antarctic terrain, began their groundbreaking expedition to the South Pole, and they were only equipped


The use of 'and' disjoints the two parts. Changes the meaning. Eliminate

(D) Having navigated the unforgiving Antarctic terrain, in 1911Roald Amundsen and his four-man crew began their groundbreaking expedition to the South Pole; they were only equipped

Same as A. Dangling modifier issue. The object/ person being modified should appear immediately. Eliminate.

(E) Roald Amundsen and his four-man crew, in 1911began their groundbreaking expedition to the South Pole, navigating the unforgiving Antarctic terrain, equipping themselves only

The last part of the sentence is incorrect. We should use equipped and not equipping. Eliminate E.

IMO B
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Bunuel
12 Days of Christmas 🎅 GMAT Competition with Lots of Questions & Fun

Navigating the unforgiving Antarctic terrain, in 1911 Roald Amundsen and his four-man crew began their groundbreaking expedition to the South Pole, and they were equipped only with four sleds and basic provisions.

(A) Navigating the unforgiving Antarctic terrain, in 1911 Roald Amundsen and his four-man crew began their groundbreaking expedition to the South Pole, and they were equipped only
(B) In 1911, Roald Amundsen and his four-man crew began their groundbreaking expedition to the South Pole, navigating the unforgiving Antarctic terrain equipped only
(C) In 1911, Roald Amundsen and his four-man crew, navigating the unforgiving Antarctic terrain, began their groundbreaking expedition to the South Pole, and they were only equipped
(D) Having navigated the unforgiving Antarctic terrain, in 1911Roald Amundsen and his four-man crew began their groundbreaking expedition to the South Pole; they were only equipped
(E) Roald Amundsen and his four-man crew, in 1911began their groundbreaking expedition to the South Pole, navigating the unforgiving Antarctic terrain, equipping themselves only


 


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A: we instantly spot a problem with the modifier "navigating the unforgiving" and "in 1911". in 1911 cannot navigate the unforgiving, so A is incorrect.
With the same method, we can eliminate D as well. We are left with B, C, E.
B: This one is so close. But "equipped only" is incorrectly placed. So it has a strange meaning that "the antarctic terrain is equipped only"
C: I have good feeling about this. All the parallelism look correct. "R.A [...] began their groundbreaking..." and "and they were only equipped" are correctly parallel
D: "Equipping" is incorrect.

So IMO C
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Navigating the unforgiving Antarctic terrain, in 1911 Roald Amundsen and his four-man crew began their groundbreaking expedition to the South Pole, and they were equipped only with four sleds and basic provisions.

(A) Navigating the unforgiving Antarctic terrain, in 1911 Roald Amundsen and his four-man crew began their groundbreaking expedition to the South Pole, and they were equipped only
(B) In 1911, Roald Amundsen and his four-man crew began their groundbreaking expedition to the South Pole, navigating the unforgiving Antarctic terrain equipped only
(C) In 1911, Roald Amundsen and his four-man crew, navigating the unforgiving Antarctic terrain, began their groundbreaking expedition to the South Pole, and they were only equipped
(D) Having navigated the unforgiving Antarctic terrain, in 1911Roald Amundsen and his four-man crew began their groundbreaking expedition to the South Pole; they were only equipped
(E) Roald Amundsen and his four-man crew, in 1911 began their groundbreaking expedition to the South Pole, navigating the unforgiving Antarctic terrain, equipping themselves only

Solution: The original underlined phrase is grammatically incorrect. The modifier clause in the beginning is not in agreement with the subject of the main clause. Also the intended meaning is changed by misplacing the modifier. The intended meaning of the sentence is that Roald Amundsen and his crew began their expedition to the south pole where they navigated the Antarctic terrain while travelling to the south pole.

(A) Navigating the unforgiving Antarctic terrain, in 1911 Roald Amundsen and his four-man crew began their groundbreaking expedition to the South Pole, and they were equipped only
Explanation: As explained above, this is not the right option. INCORRECT

(B) In 1911, Roald Amundsen and his four-man crew began their groundbreaking expedition to the South Pole, navigating the unforgiving Antarctic terrain equipped only
Explanation: This option correctly uses the modifier structure and conveys intended meaning with proper tense usage. CORRECT

(C) In 1911, Roald Amundsen and his four-man crew, navigating the unforgiving Antarctic terrain, began their groundbreaking expedition to the South Pole, and they were only equipped
Explanation: The middle modifier clause is wrongly placed which changes the intended meaning. Also 'only equipped' changes the intended meaning as well. INCORRECT

(D) Having navigated the unforgiving Antarctic terrain, in 1911 Roald Amundsen and his four-man crew began their groundbreaking expedition to the South Pole; they were only equipped
Explanation: Misplaced modifier and wrong tense used in the first clause changes the intended meaning. Also 'only equipped' is wrong. INCORRECT

(E) Roald Amundsen and his four-man crew, in 1911 began their groundbreaking expedition to the South Pole, navigating the unforgiving Antarctic terrain, equipping themselves only
Explanation: Comma is wrongly put after the first clause which changes the sentence structure. Also 'equipping themselves' is wrong as it is in continuous tense while the event occured way back in past. INCORRECT

Option B is the right answer
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A. Incorrect - Opening modifier placement is an issue. Sentence structure is awkward.

B. Correct. This option is grammatically correct and maintains a clear and parallel structure.

C. 2nd best option. While grammatically correct, this option is less concise compared to option B. The phrase "and they were only equipped" is awkward and interrupts the flow of the sentence.

D. Incorrect. This option uses "Having navigated..." at the beginning, which is less direct and awkward.

E. Incorrect. Too many commas; in 1911 position and the phrase "equipping themselves only..." is awkward.

Answer B
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C.
Option provides concise and correct meaning

Posted from my mobile device
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Navigating the unforgiving Antarctic terrain, in 1911 Roald Amundsen and his four-man crew began their groundbreaking expedition to the South Pole, and they were equipped only with four sleds and basic provisions.

(A) Navigating the unforgiving Antarctic terrain, in 1911 Roald Amundsen and his four-man crew began their groundbreaking expedition to the South Pole, and they were equipped only => "and they were" unuseful repeat of subject here with "and they".
(B) In 1911, Roald Amundsen and his four-man crew began their groundbreaking expedition to the South Pole, navigating the unforgiving Antarctic terrain equipped only => Best answer, correct the errors on the others choices.
(C) In 1911, Roald Amundsen and his four-man crew, navigating the unforgiving Antarctic terrain, began their groundbreaking expedition to the South Pole, and they were only equipped => "and they were" unuseful repeat of subject here with "and they". => OUT
(D) Having navigated the unforgiving Antarctic terrain, in 1911 Roald Amundsen and his four-man crew began their groundbreaking expedition to the South Pole; they were only equipped => change of meaning with only placed before equipped + "having navigated" weird => OUT
(E) Roald Amundsen and his four-man crew, in 1911 began their groundbreaking expedition to the South Pole, navigating the unforgiving Antarctic terrain, equipping themselves only => so much weirdness here : "in 1911 began" => why placed in 1911 between subject and verb? + "equipping themselves"=> euh... no distortion of meaning here => OUT

So ANSWER B
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(A) Navigating the unforgiving Antarctic terrain, in 1911 Roald Amundsen and his four-man crew began their groundbreaking expedition to the South Pole, and they were equipped only
Navigating is modifying Roald and team correctly and equipped only is correct uses.

(B) In 1911, Roald Amundsen and his four-man crew began their groundbreaking expedition to the South Pole, navigating the unforgiving Antarctic terrain equipped only
"terrain equipped only" looks like that terrain was equipped with instead of Roald and his team

(C) In 1911, Roald Amundsen and his four-man crew, navigating the unforgiving Antarctic terrain, began their groundbreaking expedition to the South Pole, and they were only equipped
"they were only equipped" sound like they were the only one who are exclusively equipped with something. It should be they were equipped only...

(D) Having navigated the unforgiving Antarctic terrain, in 1911Roald Amundsen and his four-man crew began their groundbreaking expedition to the South Pole; they were only equipped
Having+ clause give cause effect relation, it seems first they navigated and that resulted into expedition

(E) Roald Amundsen and his four-man crew, in 1911began their groundbreaking expedition to the South Pole, navigating the unforgiving Antarctic terrain, equipping themselves only
Not even a complete clause, there is no verb

so (a) is our answer
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(A) Navigating the unforgiving Antarctic terrain, in 1911 Roald Amundsen and his four-man crew began their groundbreaking expedition to the South Pole, and they were equipped only Correct
(B) In 1911, Roald Amundsen and his four-man crew began their groundbreaking expedition to the South Pole, navigating the unforgiving Antarctic terrain equipped only Terrain cannot be equipped
(C) In 1911, Roald Amundsen and his four-man crew, navigating the unforgiving Antarctic terrain, began their groundbreaking expedition to the South Pole, and they were only equipped only is misplaced
(D) Having navigated the unforgiving Antarctic terrain, in 1911Roald Amundsen and his four-man crew began their groundbreaking expedition to the South Pole; they were only equipped sequencing using having is wrong
(E) Roald Amundsen and his four-man crew, in 1911began their groundbreaking expedition to the South Pole, navigating the unforgiving Antarctic terrain, equipping themselves only back to back awkward modifiers

Ans A
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Bunuel
12 Days of Christmas 🎅 GMAT Competition with Lots of Questions & Fun

Navigating the unforgiving Antarctic terrain, in 1911 Roald Amundsen and his four-man crew began their groundbreaking expedition to the South Pole, and they were equipped only with four sleds and basic provisions.

(A) Navigating the unforgiving Antarctic terrain, in 1911 Roald Amundsen and his four-man crew began their groundbreaking expedition to the South Pole, and they were equipped only
(B) In 1911, Roald Amundsen and his four-man crew began their groundbreaking expedition to the South Pole, navigating the unforgiving Antarctic terrain equipped only
(C) In 1911, Roald Amundsen and his four-man crew, navigating the unforgiving Antarctic terrain, began their groundbreaking expedition to the South Pole, and they were only equipped
(D) Having navigated the unforgiving Antarctic terrain, in 1911Roald Amundsen and his four-man crew began their groundbreaking expedition to the South Pole; they were only equipped
(E) Roald Amundsen and his four-man crew, in 1911began their groundbreaking expedition to the South Pole, navigating the unforgiving Antarctic terrain, equipping themselves only


 


This question was provided by Experts'Global
for the 12 Days of Christmas Competition

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(A) Navigating the unforgiving Antarctic terrain, in 1911 Roald Amundsen and his four-man crew began their groundbreaking expedition to the South Pole, and they were equipped only
-- This suggests 1911 was navigating the terrain

(B) In 1911, Roald Amundsen and his four-man crew began their groundbreaking expedition to the South Pole, navigating the unforgiving Antarctic terrain equipped only
-- Correct structure

(C) In 1911, Roald Amundsen and his four-man crew, navigating the unforgiving Antarctic terrain, began their groundbreaking expedition to the South Pole, and they were only equipped
-- mistakenly suggests that the navigation started before the expedition began

(D) Having navigated the unforgiving Antarctic terrain, in 1911Roald Amundsen and his four-man crew began their groundbreaking expedition to the South Pole; they were only equipped
-- Having navigated suggests the navigation completed before the expedition began

(E) Roald Amundsen and his four-man crew, in 1911began their groundbreaking expedition to the South Pole, navigating the unforgiving Antarctic terrain, equipping themselves only
-- present continuous is incorrectly used here.

Option B
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Answer: C

(A) Navigating the unforgiving Antarctic terrain, in 1911 Roald Amundsen and his four-man crew began their groundbreaking expedition to the South Pole, and they were equipped only
(B) In 1911, Roald Amundsen and his four-man crew began their groundbreaking expedition to the South Pole, navigating the unforgiving Antarctic terrain equipped only
(C) In 1911, Roald Amundsen and his four-man crew, navigating the unforgiving Antarctic terrain, began their groundbreaking expedition to the South Pole, and they were only equipped
(D) Having navigated the unforgiving Antarctic terrain, in 1911Roald Amundsen and his four-man crew began their groundbreaking expedition to the South Pole; they were only equipped
(E) Roald Amundsen and his four-man crew, in 1911began their groundbreaking expedition to the South Pole, navigating the unforgiving Antarctic terrain, equipping themselves only
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