2001 proved to be the automaker's first losing year since 1992, when

Let me start a new discussion on this topic. When did the loss actually occurred? Was it in 1992 or in 2001? I feel it was 2001 because the text says 2001 was the company's first year of losing. It cannot be 1992 as 1992 is not stated separately but is only part of a prepositional modifier 'since 1992', which denotes some starting point of time. However, in fact, there is mention only one year of losing.
All these factors point to the fact, 2001 was the year under loss.

This discussion is just for academic interest and may not affect the correct choice in the topic text under question.

Hi!

Please can you explain why B is incorrect? Why ing modifier is incorrect?

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Hi SilvanaDD,

My 2 cents.

In B, I think the modifier " resulting from" is incorrect, because "comma + participle" must make sense with the subject, the company, of the modified clause.

Hope that help.

Hi SilvanaDD, as ballest127 mentions, present participial phrases (resulting...) preceded by a comma modify the subject of the preceding clause.

Here, the subject of the preceding clause is company. Hence, option B nonsensically suggests that company resulted from almost $7 billion in accounting charges.

p.s. Our book EducationAisle Sentence Correction Nirvana discusses Past Participial phrases, their application and examples in significant detail. If you or someone is interested, PM me your email-id; I can mail the corresponding section.

I do not think that "had done " in choice a and b is wrong

when you had finished the lunch, I came.
this is correct sentence.

can you explain more on had done in choice a and b? thank you

2001 proved to be the automaker's first losing year since 1992, when the company had lost $7.4 billion, which was primarily because of almost $7 billion in accounting charges.


(A) when the company had lost $7.4 billion, which was primarily because of

(B) when the company had lost $7.4 billion, primarily resulting from

(C) when the company lost $7.4 billion, primarily because of

(D) which is when the company lost $7.4 billion, and that was primarily because of

(E) which is when the company lost $7.4 billion, primarily resulting from

Hi Experts

Hi Experts

GMATNinja KarishmaB MartyTargetTestPrep


Can you please help me to understand why option b is wrong?

"primarily resulting from" can act as a adverbial modifier and can modify verb "loss" so it dosen't seems to be wrong
and the loss happened prior to 2001 so had lost also seems good

Can you please explain where am i going wrong

"Resulting from" cannot act as an adverbial modifier. It has to modify a noun that can be "resulting from" something.

Also, "had lost" does not make sense. The point is that in 1992, the company LOST $7.4 billion. "Had lost" conveys that the company lost $7.4 billion BEFORE 1992, and thus in 1992 "had lost $7.4 billion."

But loss can also result from something ,\. Right?
I was not able to understand your point 1...Why resulting from can only modify noun?

"Loss" is a noun. So, "loss" can be "resulting from" something.

Example:

The loss resulting from the decision appears to be ongoing.

However, the (B) version says the following:

when the company had lost $7.4 billion, primarily resulting from

"Resulting from" cannot modify "had lost."

In fact, the only noun for "resulting from to modify is "$7.4 billion." So, the sentence seems to convey that $7.4 billion was "resulting from ... accounting charges." That meaning doesn't make sense.

"Resulting from" can modify a noun only since a verb would not "resulting from" something.

For example following is incorrect:

Jim laughed resulting from all the joking around.

That sentence does not directly name the thing that was "resulting from all the joking around."

The following is correct.

Jim's laughter resulted from all the joking around.

That sentence correctly names "laugher" as what "resulted from all the joking around."

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