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28 Jul 2011, 15:36
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E
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Difficulty:
75%
(hard)
Question Stats:
54% (02:05) correct
46%
(02:24)
wrong
based on 1320
sessions
History
Date
Time
Result
Not Attempted Yet
A few decades ago it was popular to link dramatic increases in urban antisocial behavior with high population density, and to support this with studies of laboratory rats, which exhibit randomly violent behavior under conditions of extreme overcrowding. It has since become obvious that the analogy between rats and humans is simplistic at best, and leaves out considerations like human adaptability and cultural factors that are of key importance in determining human behavior.
Which of the following, if true, best supports the conclusion the author presents in the passage above?
A) Testing new products on laboratory rats has sometimes led to unnecessary alarm about their adverse effects on human health.
B) Rats thrive in the crowded conditions of human urban society.
C) Rats also exhibit unnatural behavior in conditions of extreme isolation.
D) Although rat behavior does change in crowded conditions, what results is not random violence but a new, radically different social order.
E) In some extremely crowded cities there is relatively little antisocial behavior, whereas some sparsely – populated rural communities have very high rates of such behavior.
Which of the following, if true, best supports the conclusion the author presents in the passage above?
A) Testing new products on laboratory rats has sometimes led to unnecessary alarm about their adverse effects on human health.
B) Rats thrive in the crowded conditions of human urban society.
C) Rats also exhibit unnatural behavior in conditions of extreme isolation.
D) Although rat behavior does change in crowded conditions, what results is not random violence but a new, radically different social order.
E) In some extremely crowded cities there is relatively little antisocial behavior, whereas some sparsely – populated rural communities have very high rates of such behavior.
28 Jul 2011, 23:22
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The answer should be (E).
The question says that the analogy between humans and rats is simplistic, because of factors like human adaptability and cultural behavior that determine the behavior of humans (and not rats).
(A): Testing new products on rats has no relation to the behavior they exhibit in different conditions. Incorrect.
(B): We cannot determine the response of rats or humans by the behavior of rats in crowded human conditions. Incorrect.
(C): Even if rats exhibit unnatural behavior in crowded conditions, we must have some way of comparing this with what humans do in such conditions to draw a meaningful inference. This information is not provided so we cannot make the comparison. Incorrect.
(D): If rats exhibit not random violence but a new, different social order then this would oppose the author's argument - rats would seem to be exhibiting adaptability, similar to what humans do. It would then become difficult to distinguish between the two. Incorrect.
(E): CORRECT. If there is little violent behavior in some crowded human societies, and higher violent behavior in some sparsely populated communities, it means that human behavior is changing according to adaptation. This is not the behavior exhibited by mice - which seem to consistently exhibit violent behavior in conditions of extreme overcrowding. Therefore this choice elucidates the difference between human and rat behavior.
The question says that the analogy between humans and rats is simplistic, because of factors like human adaptability and cultural behavior that determine the behavior of humans (and not rats).
(A): Testing new products on rats has no relation to the behavior they exhibit in different conditions. Incorrect.
(B): We cannot determine the response of rats or humans by the behavior of rats in crowded human conditions. Incorrect.
(C): Even if rats exhibit unnatural behavior in crowded conditions, we must have some way of comparing this with what humans do in such conditions to draw a meaningful inference. This information is not provided so we cannot make the comparison. Incorrect.
(D): If rats exhibit not random violence but a new, different social order then this would oppose the author's argument - rats would seem to be exhibiting adaptability, similar to what humans do. It would then become difficult to distinguish between the two. Incorrect.
(E): CORRECT. If there is little violent behavior in some crowded human societies, and higher violent behavior in some sparsely populated communities, it means that human behavior is changing according to adaptation. This is not the behavior exhibited by mice - which seem to consistently exhibit violent behavior in conditions of extreme overcrowding. Therefore this choice elucidates the difference between human and rat behavior.
29 Sep 2012, 07:03
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Q : A few decades ago it was popular to link dramatic increases in urban antisocial behavior with high population density, and to support this with studies of laboratory rats, which exhibit randomly violent behavior under conditions of extreme overcrowding. It has since become obvious that the analogy between rats and humans is simplistic at best, and leaves out considerations like human adaptability and cultural factors that are of key importance in determining human behavior.
The conclusion of this argument is - Analogy between rats and humans is simplistic but it leaves out considerations like human adaptability and cultural factors that are of key importance. So the answer choice must show that this analogy indeed has some weaknesses because it does not consider human adaptability and cultural factors that also affects human behaviour.
The argument mentions that extreme overcrowding leads to violent behaviour in rats and then make a generic conclusion by analogy of humans with rats but Answer choice 'E' explains that this analogy may not always be true because it has not considered human adaptability and cultural factors (E - Cities are crowded but little antisocial behaviour and vice versa).
Which of the following, if true, best supports the conclusion the author presents in the passage above?
A. Testing new products on laboratory rats has sometimes led to unnecessary alarm about their adverse effects on human health. - While this may be true, it does not explicitly mention about the human behaviour affected by adaptability and culture.
B. Rats thrive in the crowded conditions of human urban society. - Out of Scope
C. Rats also exhibit unnatural behavior in conditions of extreme isolation. Out of Scope
D. Although rat behavior does change in crowded conditions, what results is not random violence but a new, radically different social order. - Out of scope.
E. In some extremely crowded cities there is relatively little antisocial behavior, whereas some sparsely – populated rural communities have very high rates of such behavior. - Correct, Explained above.
Press +1 Kudos if you like the explanation
The conclusion of this argument is - Analogy between rats and humans is simplistic but it leaves out considerations like human adaptability and cultural factors that are of key importance. So the answer choice must show that this analogy indeed has some weaknesses because it does not consider human adaptability and cultural factors that also affects human behaviour.
The argument mentions that extreme overcrowding leads to violent behaviour in rats and then make a generic conclusion by analogy of humans with rats but Answer choice 'E' explains that this analogy may not always be true because it has not considered human adaptability and cultural factors (E - Cities are crowded but little antisocial behaviour and vice versa).
Which of the following, if true, best supports the conclusion the author presents in the passage above?
A. Testing new products on laboratory rats has sometimes led to unnecessary alarm about their adverse effects on human health. - While this may be true, it does not explicitly mention about the human behaviour affected by adaptability and culture.
B. Rats thrive in the crowded conditions of human urban society. - Out of Scope
C. Rats also exhibit unnatural behavior in conditions of extreme isolation. Out of Scope
D. Although rat behavior does change in crowded conditions, what results is not random violence but a new, radically different social order. - Out of scope.
E. In some extremely crowded cities there is relatively little antisocial behavior, whereas some sparsely – populated rural communities have very high rates of such behavior. - Correct, Explained above.
Press +1 Kudos if you like the explanation
