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dcummins
Joined: 14 Feb 2017
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GMAT 1: 560 Q41 V26
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GMAT 6: 710 Q47 V41
Posts: 1,064
25 Jul 2020, 20:50
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(A) the surface temperature in Alaska, Siberia, and northwestern Canada has increased in the previous thirty years by about five degrees
"in the previous 30 years" in A could be interpreted to mean the years preceding the last 100 years.
(B) the surface temperature in Alaska, Siberia, and northwestern Canada has increased over the last thirty years by about five degrees
Correct. Same logical structure as the non-underlined portion is a nice bonus.
(C) there was an increase in the last thirty years by about five degrees in Alaska, Siberia, and northwestern Canada
an increase in what? Incorrect.
(D) it had increased in Alaska, Siberia, and northwestern Canada by about five degrees over the previous thirty years
(E) it has increased in Alaska, Siberia, and northwestern Canada over the previous thirty years by about five degrees
possible antecendents of "it":
- the surface temperature of the globe
- scientists at the university of Alaska
Slotted into the sentence:
the surface temperature of the globe had increased in Alaska.... makes no sense
Won't even bother with the second antecedent.
D an E are out
"in the previous 30 years" in A could be interpreted to mean the years preceding the last 100 years.
(B) the surface temperature in Alaska, Siberia, and northwestern Canada has increased over the last thirty years by about five degrees
Correct. Same logical structure as the non-underlined portion is a nice bonus.
(C) there was an increase in the last thirty years by about five degrees in Alaska, Siberia, and northwestern Canada
an increase in what? Incorrect.
(D) it had increased in Alaska, Siberia, and northwestern Canada by about five degrees over the previous thirty years
(E) it has increased in Alaska, Siberia, and northwestern Canada over the previous thirty years by about five degrees
possible antecendents of "it":
- the surface temperature of the globe
- scientists at the university of Alaska
Slotted into the sentence:
the surface temperature of the globe had increased in Alaska.... makes no sense
Won't even bother with the second antecedent.
D an E are out
29 Nov 2020, 10:49
Kudos
Bookmarks
(A) the surface temperature in Alaska, Siberia, and northwestern Canada has increased in the previous thirty years by about five degrees
1) I think we had better look at other, non-underlined, part of the question to eliminate this answer choice.
Above, can you see two parts in red and "while", which is used to mean "at-the-same-time contrast"?
These two parts in red are not perfectly parallel: You know, Gmat really cares about "parallelism", so the correct answer should maintain prefect parallelism. Let's use more simple hand-made examples:
1) The population of Japan is much smaller than that of China.
2) The population of Japan is much smaller than that in China.
The first one maintains much better parallelism, while the second is not perfect. Likewise, (A) has the same parallelism issue.
2) Present Perfect is usually used with "over the last", NOT "in the previous": Actually, I have never seen the latter with Present Perfect. Yet, I think you can safely use an above-mentioned "parallelism issue" to eliminate (A)
(B) the surface temperature in Alaska, Siberia, and northwestern Canada has increased over the last thirty years by about five degrees
1) (B) maintains the perfect parallelism we are looking for.
(C) there was an increase in the last thirty years by about five degrees in Alaska, Siberia, and northwestern Canada
1) "an increase ... by": "increase" is used with "by" when it is a verb. When "increase" is a noun, it is used with "of". For example,
1) The number of student majoring in IT has increased by 1000.
2) The country has seen an increase in civil wars of 100
2) (B) is much more direct than (C):
(D) it had increased in Alaska, Siberia, and northwestern Canada by about five degrees over the previous thirty years
1) "it" stands for a singular noun: NOTE that if that singular noun has with essentional modifiers, "it" aslo includes those modifiers. Hence, "it" takes "the surface temperature of the globe". If you replace "it" with its referent, you will get:
"the surface temperature of the globe" had increased in Alaska, Siberia, and northwestern Canada by about five degrees over the previous thirty years
. Not intended meaning
2) Past perfect implies that "the surface temperature of the globe" increased by 5% in Alaska, Siberia, and northwestern Canada in before it increased by 2% around the world. What? this is illogical because the global temperature changes around the WHOLE earth, not just part of the earth. As I said earlier, "While" is used as an "at-the-same-time contrast", so the timeframe of both events must be the same or at least overlapped.
(E) it has increased in Alaska, Siberia, and northwestern Canada over the previous thirty years by about five degrees
1) The same problem in D: "it" is wrong.
Please feel free to give feedback!
1) I think we had better look at other, non-underlined, part of the question to eliminate this answer choice.
atalpanditgmat
Above, can you see two parts in red and "while", which is used to mean "at-the-same-time contrast"?
These two parts in red are not perfectly parallel: You know, Gmat really cares about "parallelism", so the correct answer should maintain prefect parallelism. Let's use more simple hand-made examples:
1) The population of Japan is much smaller than that of China.
2) The population of Japan is much smaller than that in China.
The first one maintains much better parallelism, while the second is not perfect. Likewise, (A) has the same parallelism issue.
2) Present Perfect is usually used with "over the last", NOT "in the previous": Actually, I have never seen the latter with Present Perfect. Yet, I think you can safely use an above-mentioned "parallelism issue" to eliminate (A)
(B) the surface temperature in Alaska, Siberia, and northwestern Canada has increased over the last thirty years by about five degrees
1) (B) maintains the perfect parallelism we are looking for.
(C) there was an increase in the last thirty years by about five degrees in Alaska, Siberia, and northwestern Canada
1) "an increase ... by": "increase" is used with "by" when it is a verb. When "increase" is a noun, it is used with "of". For example,
1) The number of student majoring in IT has increased by 1000.
2) The country has seen an increase in civil wars of 100
2) (B) is much more direct than (C):
(D) it had increased in Alaska, Siberia, and northwestern Canada by about five degrees over the previous thirty years
1) "it" stands for a singular noun: NOTE that if that singular noun has with essentional modifiers, "it" aslo includes those modifiers. Hence, "it" takes "the surface temperature of the globe". If you replace "it" with its referent, you will get:
"the surface temperature of the globe" had increased in Alaska, Siberia, and northwestern Canada by about five degrees over the previous thirty years
. Not intended meaning
2) Past perfect implies that "the surface temperature of the globe" increased by 5% in Alaska, Siberia, and northwestern Canada in before it increased by 2% around the world. What? this is illogical because the global temperature changes around the WHOLE earth, not just part of the earth. As I said earlier, "While" is used as an "at-the-same-time contrast", so the timeframe of both events must be the same or at least overlapped.
(E) it has increased in Alaska, Siberia, and northwestern Canada over the previous thirty years by about five degrees
1) The same problem in D: "it" is wrong.
Please feel free to give feedback!
27 Jan 2023, 09:38
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Hello from the GMAT Club VerbalBot!
Thanks to another GMAT Club member, I have just discovered this valuable topic, yet it had no discussion for over a year. I am now bumping it up - doing my job. I think you may find it valuable (esp those replies with Kudos).
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Thanks to another GMAT Club member, I have just discovered this valuable topic, yet it had no discussion for over a year. I am now bumping it up - doing my job. I think you may find it valuable (esp those replies with Kudos).
Want to see all other topics I dig out? Follow me (click follow button on profile). You will receive a summary of all topics I bump in your profile area as well as via email.
