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To me A is a perfectly sensible choice.
beckee529
Although ice particles in the upper atmosphere benefit Earth in that they reflect and absorb solar radiation, acting as global thermostat and thus keeping Earth from either burning up or freezing over, they also accelerate the destruction of the ozone layer by reacting with chloroflurocarbons (CFC's).


#1. Orange part is a dependent clause
#2.Green part is modifying the subject of the main clause - i.e. "they"
#3. You cannot have "a" before "global thermostat", since "global thermostat" is referring to "they" ("they itself is referring to "ice particles")
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can anybody explain why not c...its parallel
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A) acting as global thermostat and thus keeping Earth from either burning up or freezing over, they also accelerate
(B) acting as a global thermostat and thus keeping Earth either from burning up or freezing over, while also accelerating
(C) act as a global thermostat and thus keep Earth from either burning up or freezing over, while also accelerating
(D) they act as a global thermostat that thus keeps Earth either from burning up or freezing over, even though it also accelerates
(E) they act as a global thermostat to thus keep Earth from either burning up or freezing over, but they also accelerate

B
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Ohhh god I missed the beginning.

Question - shouldn't the idiom be either from X or Y ? In A this is from either X or Y.
Are both correct ?
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Hi Amma,

Great point -and this is why I always advocate to think about idioms LAST, because:

1) Very seldom does a GMAT question rely solely on the idiom...there's almost always a more systematic flaw in 4 of the answers.

2) We're just not that good at idioms...there are too many to know and too many exceptions to the rule. And why would a top business school be impressed that you memorized 20% more idioms than I did? It's applying systematic knowledge that should impress them.

As to your question specifically, I think you can break that one down to parallelism, though:

Either _______________ or _________________

Dictates that if the "from" comes after "either", you'd need it in the second half, after "or", as well:

Either from X or from Y

OR you could put the "from" first so that it corresponds to both halves:

From either X or Y
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TehJay
Although ice particles in the upper atmosphere benefit Earth in that they reflect and absorb solar radiation, acting as global thermostat and thus keeping Earth from either burning up or freezing over, they also accelerate the destruction of the ozone layer by reacting with chlorofluorocarbons (CFC's).

(A) acting as global thermostat and thus keeping Earth from either burning up or freezing over, they also accelerate
(B) acting as a global thermostat and thus keeping Earth either from burning up or freezing over, while also accelerating
(C) act as a global thermostat and thus keep Earth from either burning up or freezing over, while also accelerating
(D) they act as a global thermostat that thus keeps Earth either from burning up or freezing over, even though it also accelerates
(E) they act as a global thermostat to thus keep Earth from either burning up or freezing over, but they also accelerate

This is from the brutal SC problem set in the stickies. I got it right, but every answer choice seems wrong to me. I just picked the one that seemed the least bad. Thoughts, or maybe an explanation as to why the OA is what it is?

The OA is (A), but why is "acting as global thermostat" correct? It needs to be "acting as a global thermostat" to make sense, unless there's some crazy obscure usage of "thermostat" that I'm not aware of. No, that isn't a typo - this is directly from the problem set in the thread.

Why is B , C, E out ?? Is B and C out for the use of while? and E out for the use of but???
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siddhans
TehJay
Although ice particles in the upper atmosphere benefit Earth in that they reflect and absorb solar radiation, acting as global thermostat and thus keeping Earth from either burning up or freezing over, they also accelerate the destruction of the ozone layer by reacting with chlorofluorocarbons (CFC's).

(A) acting as global thermostat and thus keeping Earth from either burning up or freezing over, they also accelerate
(B) acting as a global thermostat and thus keeping Earth either from burning up or freezing over, while also accelerating
(C) act as a global thermostat and thus keep Earth from either burning up or freezing over, while also accelerating
(D) they act as a global thermostat that thus keeps Earth either from burning up or freezing over, even though it also accelerates
(E) they act as a global thermostat to thus keep Earth from either burning up or freezing over, but they also accelerate

This is from the brutal SC problem set in the stickies. I got it right, but every answer choice seems wrong to me. I just picked the one that seemed the least bad. Thoughts, or maybe an explanation as to why the OA is what it is?

The OA is (A), but why is "acting as global thermostat" correct? It needs to be "acting as a global thermostat" to make sense, unless there's some crazy obscure usage of "thermostat" that I'm not aware of. No, that isn't a typo - this is directly from the problem set in the thread.

Why is B , C, E out ?? Is B and C out for the use of while? and E out for the use of but???

Hi @siddhans,

Use of although makes a clause a dependent clause that needs to be supported with an independent clause to communicate a complete idea. For example: Although this house is small, it can accommodate a lot of people. Notice that "Although this house is small," does not communicate a complete idea. It needs the help of an IC to do so.

Choice B is made up of two DCs. This sentence structure is not correct. After the "although" DC, we need an IC to communicate a complete idea. Also this choice violates parallelism. What follows "either" is "from burning up" and what follows "or" is "freezing over". We need "from" after "or" also to make both the entities parallel.

Choice C has the same sentence structure problem with the use of "while".

Choice E again has a faulty sentence structure because of the presence of "but" after comma.

Hope this helps.
Shraddha

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Although ice particles in the upper atmosphere benefit Earth in that they reflect and absorb solar radiation, acting as global thermostat and thus keeping Earth from either burning up or freezing over, they also accelerate the destruction of the ozone layer by reacting with chlorofluorocarbons (CFC's).

(D) they act as a global thermostat that thus keeps Earth either from burning up or freezing over, even though it also accelerates

Gurus,
I have a question is the below construction correct. I want to know whether the construction of above sentence correct.(i know there are few errors in this sentence but is the construction correct)


Although DC, IC, even though DC.
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Hi,

I received a PM to respond to this one.

Although ice particles in the upper atmosphere benefit Earth in that they reflect and absorb solar radiation, they act as a global thermostat that thus keeps Earth either from burning up or freezing over, even though it also accelerates the destruction of the ozone layer by reacting with chlorofluorocarbons (CFC's).

There are four clauses in this sentence with choice D:

Cl. 1: Although ice particles in the upper atmosphere benefit Earth (DC)

Cl. 2: in that they reflect and absorb solar radiation, (DC)

Cl. 3: they act as a global thermostat that thus keeps Earth either from burning up or freezing over (IC)

Cl. 4: even though it also accelerates the destruction of the ozone layer by reacting with chlorofluorocarbons (CFC's). (DC)

The highlighted words in the first two clauses and the last clause make them dependent clauses. The third clause is an IC. This construction is correct. The first two DCs are connected correctly. The DCs and the IC are correctly connected by comma. Then the last DC is connected by the previous IC by a comma.

Hope this helps. :)
Thanks.
Shraddha
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Because "Although" in the non-underlined part has contrast meaning, we do NOT need to add "while/but/even though..." in the second part. Thus, only A is correct.

Grammar:
Although X, Y <== There is NO "but, while,...." before Y.

Although ice particles in the upper atmosphere benefit Earth in that they reflect and absorb solar radiation, acting as a global thermostat and thus keeping Earth from either burning up or freezing over, they also accelerate the destruction of the ozone layer by reacting with chlorofluorocarbons (CFC's).

(A) acting as a global thermostat and thus keeping Earth from either burning up or freezing over, they also accelerate
CORRECT. The blue part is Verb-ING modifier.

(B) acting as a global thermostat and thus keeping Earth either from burning up or freezing over, while also accelerating
WRONG. [ Although X, while Y ] is wrong structure.

(C) act as a global thermostat and thus keep Earth from either burning up or freezing over, while also accelerating
WRONG "while" is redundant. "act....and keep" should be verb-ing modifier.

(D) they act as a global thermostat that thus keeps Earth either from burning up or freezing over, even though it also accelerates
WRONG. "even though" is redundant. "it" does not match "particles"

(E) they act as a global thermostat to thus keep Earth from either burning up or freezing over, but they also accelerate
WRONG. "but" is redundant.

Regards,
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Although ice particles in the upper atmosphere benefit Earth in that they reflect and absorb solar radiation,............................. , they also accelerate the destruction of the ozone layer by reacting with chlorofluorocarbons (CFC's).

30 seconds approach, even less .

I do not even rely on idioms or else........only in case of blurry situations.

Good job :)
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Although ice particles in the upper atmosphere benefit Earth in that they reflect and absorb solar radiation, acting as a global thermostat and thus keeping Earth from either burning up or freezing over, they also accelerate the destruction of the ozone layer by reacting with chlorofluorocarbons (CFC's).

(A) acting as a global thermostat and thus keeping Earth from either burning up or freezing over, they also accelerate
(B) acting as a global thermostat and thus keeping Earth either from burning up or freezing over, while also accelerating
(C) act as a global thermostat and thus keep Earth from either burning up or freezing over, while also accelerating
(D) they act as a global thermostat that thus keeps Earth either from burning up or freezing over, even though it also accelerates
(E) they act as a global thermostat to thus keep Earth from either burning up or freezing over, but they also accelerate

Try to solve ONLY from the meaning standing point. Thanks


Although ice particles in the upper atmosphere benefit Earth in that they reflect and absorb solar radiation, acting as a global thermostat and thus keeping Earth from either burning up or freezing over, they also accelerate the destruction of the ozone layer by reacting with chlorofluorocarbons (CFC's).

(A) acting as a global thermostat and thus keeping Earth from either burning up or freezing over, they also accelerate :
Correct : modifier “acting” correctly modifies the verb benefit
Construction of “Although ….., they also ….” Is correct

(B) acting as a global thermostat and thus keeping Earth either from burning up or freezing over, while also accelerating
Incorrect : parallelism error “either from burning up or (from) freezing” – from is required before “freezing” to correct this error
Construction of “Although …., while …” is awkward and incorrect

(C) act as a global thermostat and thus keep Earth from either burning up or freezing over, while also accelerating
Incorrect : Construction of “Although …., while …” is awkward and incorrect
Verb “act” is now associated with ice particles and is highlighting another action of the ice particles rather than providing information about how they benefit earth.

(D) they act as a global thermostat that thus keeps Earth either from burning up or freezing over, even though it also accelerates
Incorrect : Construction “although ….even though” redundant…
Pronoun error : “it also accelerates” – is singular ..we are talking about ice particles (plural)

(E) they act as a global thermostat to thus keep Earth from either burning up or freezing over, but they also accelerate
Incorrect : “they act …to thus keep earth ….” Change in meaning
They act that way and thus it helps earth…they do NOT in particular act that way IN ORDER to help earth…
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Although ice particles in the upper atmosphere benefit Earth in that they reflect and absorb solar radiation, acting as global thermostat and thus keeping Earth from either burning up or freezing over, they also accelerate the destruction of the ozone layer by reacting with chloroflurocarbons (CFC's).

(A) acting as a global thermostat and thus keeping Earth from either burning up or freezing over, they also accelerate

(B) acting as a global thermostat and thus keeping Earth either from burning up or freezing over, while also accelerating Wrong usage missing noun in Independent Clause

(C) act as a global thermostat and thus keep Earth from either burning up or freezing over, while also accelerating Wrong usage missing noun in Independent Clause

(D) they act as a global thermostat that thus keeps the Earth either from burning up or freezing over, even though it also acceleratesAlthough shows contrast even though is not needed

(E) they act as a global thermostat to thus keep Earth from either burning up or freezing over, but they also accelerate Although shows contrast but is not needed
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This question is a classic example of why one should know the fundamentals of grammar such as the patterns of sentences including simple, complex, and compound and their derivatives.

A significant 80% of the errors of fragments, run-ons, subjunctives, conditionals, modifications, etc are built on such sentence patterns without knowing which it is pointless to attempt GMAT.
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Although ice particles in the upper atmosphere benefit Earth in that they reflect and absorb solar radiation, acting as a global thermostat and thus keeping Earth from either burning up or freezing over, they also accelerate the destruction of the ozone layer by reacting with chloroflurocarbons (CFC's).


(A) acting as a global thermostat and thus keeping Earth from either burning up or freezing over, they also accelerate

(B) acting as a global thermostat and thus keeping Earth either from burning up or freezing over, while also accelerating

(C) act as a global thermostat and thus keep Earth from either burning up or freezing over, while also accelerating

(D) they act as a global thermostat that thus keeps the Earth either from burning up or freezing over, even though it also accelerates

(E) they act as a global thermostat to thus keep Earth from either burning up or freezing over, but they also accelerate


Can somebody please explain the sentence structure and why certain answer choices are wrong? Thanks.



(A) acting as a global thermostat and thus keeping Earth from either burning up or freezing over, they also accelerate - Correct

(B) acting as a global thermostat and thus keeping Earth either from burning up or freezing over, while also accelerating - Wrong: 1) Parallelism 2) Structure

(C) act as a global thermostat and thus keep Earth from either burning up or freezing over, while also accelerating - Wrong: 1) Meaning

(D) they act as a global thermostat that thus keeps the Earth either from burning up or freezing over, even though it also accelerates - Wrong: 1) SV 2) Parallelism 3) Pronoun

(E) they act as a global thermostat to thus keep Earth from either burning up or freezing over, but they also accelerate - Wrong: 1) Meaning
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