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Conclusion: it is clear that insurance companies do not have a significant economic incentive to delay claim payments to doctors.

Which of the following pieces of information, if true, weakens the conclusion above?

To weaken the conclusion
Pre thinking: We must prove that the insurance companys have a secret economic incentive which they get during this bill processing time window. May be something happens or that actually profits the company while they delay.

Among the close answers (A) & (E)

A. Some doctors who submit accurate bills to insurance companies still receive tardy payments.
-It does not talk about economic benefits. If anything it negates a premise to some extent but not touching the conclusion about economic incentive

E. The overhead costs incurred by doctors as a result of delayed insurance payments result in an increase in the premiums paid by consumers to health insurance companies that far exceeds any increase in the fees paid to doctors by insurance companies.

- It explores the window of opportunity that insurance companies get when they delay the payments. The bill processing delay intern increases the premiums paid by consumers and therefore it profits the insurance companies

Answer : (E)
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a) Some doctors who submit accurate bills to insurance companies still receive tardy payments. - The word "SOME" does not weakens the conclusion

b) The cost to the insurance companies to process incorrect bills from doctors' offices is roughly equivalent to the increased costs that physicians accrue as a result of tardy payments from insurance companies. - Opposite Answers. It strengthen the fact that there is economic benefit to the insurance company

c) A rising proportion of medical claims submitted by doctors to insurance companies are deemed illegitimate by those insurance companies. - At best irrelevant. At worst strengthen the fact that insurance companies are taking time to figure out the legitimate claims.

d) The billing errors made by doctors' offices are typically very minor, such as the submission of a claim with an outdated patient home address. - Even if it is minor- does not weakens the claim made by insurance company.

e) The overhead costs incurred by doctors as a result of delayed insurance payments result in an increase in the premiums paid by consumers to health insurance companies that far exceeds any increase in the fees paid to doctors by insurance companies.- Correct. Shows that insuranc company delays the payment to receive larger premiums and hence garner economic benefits out of their tardiness.
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Experts estimate that insurance companies' tardiness in paying doctors for legitimate medical claims adds approximately 10 percent in overhead costs for physicians. Insurance companies counter that the tardiness sometimes results from billing errors made by the doctors themselves. Since dealing with these billing errors costs the insurance companies time and money, it is clear that insurance companies do not have a significant economic incentive to delay claim payments to doctors.

Which of the following pieces of information, if true, weakens the conclusion above?

a) Some doctors who submit accurate bills to insurance companies still receive tardy payments.
Explanation: Some? How about the rest? If the rest is of a higher percentage, then it strengthens the argument - INCORRECT

b) The cost to the insurance companies to process incorrect bills from doctors' offices is roughly equivalent to the increased costs that physicians accrue as a result of tardy payments from insurance companies.
Explanation: IRRELEVANT

c) A rising proportion of medical claims submitted by doctors to insurance companies are deemed illegitimate by those insurance companies.
Explanation: Whats' this rising proportion of medical claims. We need to know at what pace is it rising in order to see whether it weakens or strengthen the passage. - INCORRECT

d) The billing errors made by doctors' offices are typically very minor, such as the submission of a claim with an outdated patient home address.
Explanation: Strengthening the argument - INCORRECT

e) The overhead costs incurred by doctors as a result of delayed insurance payments result in an increase in the premiums paid by consumers to health insurance companies that far exceeds any increase in the fees paid to doctors by insurance companies.
Explanation: Consumers keep paying the premiums due to delay in insurance and thereby insurance company takes more money from the clients. - CORRECT

Hence the answer is E
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