(A) Once portrayed as the engine of a future golden age of robot assistants and convenient automation, the rapid advancement of AI, or artificial intelligence, technologies has led to questions about the nature of work, the rights of machines, and
This choice literally says that “the rapid advancement of AI” is “the engine” while it should be AI itself. Unintended meaning.
(B) While AI, or artificial intelligence, technologies were once portrayed as the engine of a future golden age of robot assistants and convenient automation, their rapid advancement has led to questions about the nature of work and the rights of machines and to
Correct choice since it correctly shows AI as the engine of future golden age.
(C) Although it was once portrayed as the engine of a future golden age of robot assistants and convenient automation, the rapid advancement of AI, or artificial intelligence, technologies has led to questions about the nature of work, the rights of machines, and has
This choice literally says that “the rapid advancement of AI” is “the engine” while it should be AI itself. Unintended meaning.
(D) With AI, or artificial intelligence, technologies once portrayed as the engine of a future golden age of robot assistants and convenient automation, their rapid advancement has led to questions about the nature of work and the rights of machines and has
“with noun participle” construction is an absolute phrase that should partially explain why the events in the main sentence took place. in other words it shows cause and effect relationship. However, there is no such relationship here.
(E) Once portrayed as the engine of a future golden age of robot assistants and convenient automation, the rapid advancement of AI, or artificial intelligence, technologies has led to questions about the nature of work and the rights of machines, and to
This choice literally says that “the rapid advancement of AI” is “the engine” while it should be AI itself. Unintended meaning.
So B