Bunuel
If x is a positive integer, what is the number of different positive factors of 39x ?
(1) x is a two-digit number
(2) x² has 3 positive factors
------ASIDE---------------
Key concept: If the
prime factorization of N = (p^
a)(q^
b)(r^
c) . . . (where p, q, r, etc are different prime numbers), then N has a total of (
a+1)(
b+1)(
c+1)(etc) positive divisors.
Example: 14000 = (2^
4)(5^
3)(7^
1)
So, the number of positive divisors of 14000 = (
4+1)(
3+1)(
1+1) =(5)(4)(2) = 40
---------------------------
Given: x is a positive integer Target question: What is the number of different positive factors of 39x ? Statement 1: x is a two-digit number Let's TEST some values of x:
Case a: x = 11. So, 39x = (3)(13)(11) = (3
¹)(13
¹)(11
¹). So, the number of positive divisors = (
1+1)(
1+1)(
1+1) = 8. The answer to the target question is
39x has 8 positive divisorsCase b: x = 13. So, 39x = (3)(13)(13) = (3
¹)(13
²). So, the number of positive divisors = (
1+1)(
2+1) = 6. The answer to the target question is
39x has 6 positive divisorsSince we cannot answer the
target question with certainty, statement 1 is NOT SUFFICIENT
Statement 2: x² has 3 positive factorsThis tells us that x must be a
prime numberIMPORTANT: Notice that we can use the same x-values we used to show that statement 1 is not sufficient:
Case a: x = 11. So, 39x = (3)(13)(11) = (3
¹)(13
¹)(11
¹). So, the number of positive divisors = (
1+1)(
1+1)(
1+1) = 8. The answer to the target question is
39x has 8 positive divisorsCase b: x = 13. So, 39x = (3)(13)(13) = (3
¹)(13
²). So, the number of positive divisors = (
1+1)(
2+1) = 6. The answer to the target question is
39x has 6 positive divisorsSince we cannot answer the
target question with certainty, statement 2 is NOT SUFFICIENT
Statements 1 and 2 combined IMPORTANT: Since I was able to use the
same counter-examples to show that each statement ALONE is not sufficient, the same counter-examples will satisfy the two statements COMBINED.
Case a: x = 11. So, 39x = (3)(13)(11) = (3
¹)(13
¹)(11
¹). So, the number of positive divisors = (
1+1)(
1+1)(
1+1) = 8. The answer to the target question is
39x has 8 positive divisorsCase b: x = 13. So, 39x = (3)(13)(13) = (3
¹)(13
²). So, the number of positive divisors = (
1+1)(
2+1) = 6. The answer to the target question is
39x has 6 positive divisorsSince we cannot answer the
target question with certainty, the combined statements are NOT SUFFICIENT
Answer: E
Cheers,
Brent