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23 Jul 2022, 01:31
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Hi Experts,
KarishmaB GMATNinja
I was confused btw D & E in Q96.
96. The author of the passage would be most likely to disagree with which of the following statements?
(D) Astronomers have devised a useful way of estimating the total baryonic mass in the universe.
(E) Astronomers have discovered a substantial amount of baryonic mass in intergalactic space.
"Astronomers have long speculated that the missing baryonic mass might eventually be discovered in intergalactic space or as some large population of galaxies that are difficult to detect"
From these 2 lines, we can infer that Astronomers might discover baryonic mass in future. So author doesn't completely disagree with the idea that baryonic mass can be discovered or would have been discovered. Author has shared hints about the discovery in a positive way.
The reason I rejected D bcz author didn't share any perspective on devising a useful way of estimating baryonic mass. We don't know author's perspective regarding this new way.
95. The author mentions the fact that baryons are the source of stars’ luminosity primarily in order to explain
(E) how astronomers know bright galaxies contain more baryons than do dim galaxies
Why E is incorrect?
Based on luminosity, we can calculate no of baryons. So astronomers can say bright galaxies will have more no. of baryons compared to dim. Why E is incorrect then?
Thank you very much.
KarishmaB GMATNinja
I was confused btw D & E in Q96.
96. The author of the passage would be most likely to disagree with which of the following statements?
(D) Astronomers have devised a useful way of estimating the total baryonic mass in the universe.
(E) Astronomers have discovered a substantial amount of baryonic mass in intergalactic space.
"Astronomers have long speculated that the missing baryonic mass might eventually be discovered in intergalactic space or as some large population of galaxies that are difficult to detect"
From these 2 lines, we can infer that Astronomers might discover baryonic mass in future. So author doesn't completely disagree with the idea that baryonic mass can be discovered or would have been discovered. Author has shared hints about the discovery in a positive way.
The reason I rejected D bcz author didn't share any perspective on devising a useful way of estimating baryonic mass. We don't know author's perspective regarding this new way.
95. The author mentions the fact that baryons are the source of stars’ luminosity primarily in order to explain
(E) how astronomers know bright galaxies contain more baryons than do dim galaxies
Why E is incorrect?
Based on luminosity, we can calculate no of baryons. So astronomers can say bright galaxies will have more no. of baryons compared to dim. Why E is incorrect then?
Thank you very much.
23 Jul 2022, 21:27
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Sneha2021
Hi Sneha2021,
Let's take a look at some of the important words in that part of the passage.
mendelay
Option E tells us that astronomers have (already) discovered a substantial amount of baryonic mass in intergalactic space. If they've already discovered so much baryonic mass in intergalactic space, why are they still speculating that intergalactic space would be a good place to go looking for the missing baryonic mass? The passage certainly doesn't tell us that they've already found lots of baryonic mass there and now want to look for even more, so it's more likely that they haven't found any (or much) baryonic mass in intergalactic space yet, and that's why they think intergalactic space may where the missing baryonic mass is. Even the second candidate ("some large population of galaxies that are difficult to detect") is something that we wouldn't expect astronomers to already know a great deal about.
26 Jul 2022, 19:12
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Question 6 (or 96)
Sneha2021
Starting with (E):
Quote:
The words "have discovered" very specifically tell us that astronomers already discovered a substantial amount of baryonic mass in intergalactic space. The last line of the passage tells us that astronomers have speculated that this mass exists, but nothing indicates that it has already been discovered, as written in (E).
Additionally, the same line discusses two possible answers to the long-standing puzzle of extra mass: matter in intergalactic space, or extra galaxies that are difficult to detect.
The passage provides ample support for the second answer: these difficult-to-detect galaxies HAVE been detected. They may well account for the entirety of the missing mass. By contrast, the author doesn't provide any evidence to support the idea that there is a substantial amount of baryonic mass in intergalactic space.
The author would disagree that astronomers have discovered a substantial amount of baryonic mass in intergalactic space, so (E) is the correct answer.
Here's (D):
Quote:
The author discusses two ways of estimating baryonic mass: luminosity, and "the amount of helium in the universe, as measured by spectroscopy." This second method is used to estimate the total baryonic mass in the universe, so that's the method (D) is talking about.
There is a gap between the two measures -- the measured luminosity of galaxies is low compared to measured amount of helium. From this, the author says that there is "missing" matter. This means that the author trusts the higher number given by the helium method, and is searching for a reason to explain why the luminosity is lower than it should be.
Because the author trusts the helium method of measuring the total baryonic mass in the universe, the author would agree with (D).
(D) is out.
Question 5 (or 95)
Sneha2021
Here's the exact wording of question 5:
Quote:
To answer this question, we're not just looking for something that's true about the "fact." We're looking for the primary reason WHY the author included the fact in the passage. What role does it play in the author's overall point?
In the second paragraph, the author talks about a "long-standing puzzle" : there is "missing" baryonic mass in the universe. We know about this missing mass because of a gap between two different ways to measure baryonic mass -- helium and luminosity.
So, the author mentions the fact that baryons are the source of stars’ luminosity to connect these dots. That's a great fit with (C):
Quote:
(C) is the correct answer to question 5.
Here's (E):
Quote:
Again, when the author mentions the "fact," he/she is primarily trying to show how luminosity plays into the puzzle of the missing mass. He/she is not concerned with comparing the masses of different types of galaxies.
Additionally, the author would not agree that dim galaxies have fewer baryons than bright galaxies do -- in fact, we know from the first paragraph that they have the "same approximate number of stars as a common type of conventional galaxy." It's just that dim galaxies are more spread out, making it tough to detect the luminosity of those galaxies. In other words, the luminosity measure was off because it failed to detect the baryons in the dim galaxies.
Eliminate (E) for question 5.
I hope that helps!
