Events & Promotions
|
|
GMAT Club Daily Prep
Thank you for using the timer - this advanced tool can estimate your performance and suggest more practice questions. We have subscribed you to Daily Prep Questions via email.
Customized
for You
Track
Your Progress
Practice
Pays
Not interested in getting valuable practice questions and articles delivered to your email? No problem, unsubscribe here.
May 1408:30 AM PDT
-09:30 AM PDT
Most GMAT test-takers are intimidated by the hardest GMAT Verbal questions. In this session, Target Test Prep GMAT instructor Erika Tyler-John, a 100th percentile GMAT scorer, will show you how top scorers break down challenging Verbal questions..
May 1212:00 PM EDT
-11:59 PM EDT
Make the most of your break with the most realistic GMAT™ prep. Take up to $700 off select products.- May 13
08:30 AM PDT
-09:30 AM PDT
In Episode 4 of our GMAT Ninja CR series, we tackle the most intimidating CR question type: Boldface & "Legalese" questions. If you've ever stared at an answer choice that reads, "The first is a consideration introduced to counter a position that... - Jun 10
06:00 AM PDT
-06:15 PM PDT
Register for the GMAT Club Virtual MBA Spotlight Fair – the world’s premier event for serious MBA candidates. This is your chance to hear directly from Admissions Directors at nearly every Top 30 MBA program..
28 Jul 2020, 06:16
Kudos
Bookmarks
sk767
Hello, sk767. It is not the past perfect (i.e. had been) we are dealing with here, but the present perfect. As such, there does not need to be any other tense in the sentence.
In astronomy the term “red shift” denotes the extent to which light from a distant galaxy has been shifted toward the red, or long-wave, end of the light spectrum by the rapid motion of the galaxy away from the Earth.
The use of the present perfect is warranted to express a present result of an action. You might find this chart from Perfect English Grammar useful.
I hope it helps. If you have further questions, feel free to ask.
- Andrew
06 Oct 2022, 10:52
Kudos
Bookmarks
Rickooreo
"That" is incorrect, because "extent that light ... has been shifted" conveys the illogical meaning that light has been shifted an extent. It's not possible to shift light an extent. An extent is not a measure of distance.
Think about it. We don't say, "Jim walked an extent," or "I carried the water for a long extent."
Similarly, we can't say, "light has been shifted an extent." Thus, "the extent that light ... has been shifted" doesn't make sense.
On the other hand, light can be shifted TO an extent. So, it's correct to say, "light has been shifted to an extent."
Thus, the correct version of the sentence makes sense because it uses "to which" in describing "the extent." It correctly describes the extent as "the extent TO which light ... has been shifted."
we need "the extent TO which light ... has been shifted."
14 Feb 2023, 02:40
Kudos
Bookmarks
devansh_god
Only a small part of the sentence is underlined but before we try to get the correct option, we must look at the meaning of the sentence.
‘Red shift’ is the extent to which light from a distant galaxy gets shifted toward the red end by the rapid motion of the galaxy away from the Earth. So, the rapid motion makes the light from a distant galaxy shift toward the red end of the spectrum.
Note that light does not shift on its own. It gets shifted by the rapid motion.
Hence, we need a passive structure:
Red shift is the extent to which light has been shifted toward A by B.
(A) to which light from a distant galaxy has been shifted
(B) to which light from a distant galaxy has shifted
The only difference between the two is the use of passive vs active voice (has been shifted vs has shifted)
Since we need a passive structure, option (A) is correct and option (B) is not (which uses an active structure).
(C) that light from a distant galaxy has been shifted
In option (C), ‘extent that’ is incorrect usage. We use ‘extent to which A has happened ’ or ‘extent of A’ depending on context. For example, ‘extent to which he can change …’ or ‘extent of his influence…’
(D) of light from a distant galaxy shifting
We need to measure the extent of the shift, not the extent of light and hence, option (D) is not correct. It uses ‘extent of light shifting …’ in which ‘shifting …’ becomes a modifier of light. Then the meaning of measuring the extent of the shift is lost.
(E) of the shift of light from a distant galaxy
This is the structure of option (E):
(E) Red shift denotes the extent of the shift of light from a distant galaxy toward the red end of the light spectrum by the rapid motion.
To say the least, it is confusing. What is done ‘by the rapid motion’? We don’t know. The prepositional modifier needs to have a verb to modify. Option (A) provides that verb ‘has been shifted.’ So in option (A), we know that rapid motion has shifted the light toward the red end of the spectrum. Here, we don’t.
Also, ‘from the distant galaxy toward red end’ sounds as if the shift has happened from the distant galaxy (point A) toward the red end (point B). This we know is not correct. All we are trying to say is that the light comes from the distant galaxy and shifts on the spectrum. Hence, option (E) is not correct.
Answer (A)
