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The prime factorization shows that 2s, 3s, and a 7 are factors. Next, looking at the answers, every answer but D could be derived with the factors. Granted, I could have answered this faster had I looked at the answer choices first..

IMO D. 54
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All options other than 'D' are factors of 2016. Hence, 'D' is the answer
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In honor of the year 2016, a donor has purchased 2016 books to be distributed evenly among the elementary schools in a certain school district. If each school must receive the same number of books, and there are to be no books remaining, which of the following is NOT a number of books that each school could receive?

(A) 18
(B) 36
(C) 42
(D) 54
(E) 56

2016 = 8 x 252 = 8 x 4 x 63 = 2^5 x 3^2 x 7

Since 54 = 3^3 x 2^1, 54 cannot be the number of books.

Answer: D
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