Beginning about 70 million years ago, pressure from colliding tectonic

Question

Beginning about 70 million years ago, pressure from colliding tectonic plates pushed up the land from Colorado in the central United States to Mexico. These forces eventually formed the Rocky Mountain range. The plates began pulling in the opposite direction about 30 million years ago, pulling the crust apart to form mountains and low-lying basins along fault lines. The Tularosa Basin and its surrounding Sacramento and San Andres mountains formed at this time. Two to three million years ago the ancient Rio Grande river began to flow along the southern edge of the Tularosa Basin, and, for approximately the last 12,000 years, this seemingly barren basin has been home to numerous populations and each of these cultures left their mark on the land.

TarunKumar1234 · Answer

1) For each of the following, select Influential if the variable listed is indicated independently in each of the three tabs as having had a demonstrable influence on conditions within the Tularosa Basin. Otherwise, select Not influential.

Water- Influential
Human- Influential
Animal- Not influential

2) For each of the following, select True if, according to information in tab 3, the statement about Tularosa Basin settlers can be reasonably inferred as factual. Otherwise, select Not true.

Earlier settler groups exhibited a more limited range of inhabitance than did later ones.- False  (Just opposite, earlier settlers groups have thousands of years compared to new group, which has hundreds on years)
 Humans are not the only non-native species found in the basin today.- True  (Explorers left behind cattle and horses)

3) Which of the following conclusions regarding the Tularosa Basin is best supported by information from one of the three tabs?

a. It has been a constant home to human civilizations for the past 10,000 years.
b. There are multiple mountain ranges within its natural boundaries.
c. Fossils of multiple species of human ancestors have been unearthed from its soil.
d. Precious metals have never been found by those who have settled it.
e. For millennia, it has not been home to the only known settlement in the region. -> Correct.

Sumi1010 · Answer

TAB 1 
 70 million years ago :Colliding tectonic plates formed rocky mountain range.
30 million years ago : Pulling in the opposite direction; Tularosa Basin and its surrounding formed.
2-3 million years ago : Rio Grande river began to flow along Tularosa.
Since 12,000 years : Barren land got populated.

TAB 2 
11,000 years ago : Cold climate warmed; rain in Lake Otero; Lake Otero receded.
10,000 years ago : The lake disappeared.

TAB 3 
Details of settler's timelines.

1) For each of the following, select Influential if  the variable  listed is indicated independently in each of the three tabs as having  had a demonstrable influence on conditions within the Tularosa Basin.  Otherwise, select Not influential.

"Two to three million years ago the ancient  Rio Grande river began to flow  along the southern edge of the Tularosa Basin, and, for approximately the last 12,000 years, this seemingly barren basin has been  home to numerous populations  and each of these cultures left their mark on the land"

Thus,
 Water : Influential 
Human: Influential 
Animal: Non Influential

2) For each of the following, select  True if,  according to information in tab 3,  the statement about Tularosa Basin settlers can be reasonably inferred as factual.  Otherwise, select Not true.

Earlier settler groups exhibited a more  limited range of inhabitance  than did later ones.
 --From Tab3
Paleoindians - Roamed with tracking animals.
Hunter-Gatherers - settled near water sources.
Jornada Mogollon - Started permanent living .
Thus, the earlier groups roamed more than the later ones. 
NOT TRUE

Certain groups of settlers have a  more definitive date of entry and exit  from the region than do others.
 ---From Tab 3, there are explicit information about the entry or exit of certain groups .
Jornada Mogollon : Their disappearance from the region is considered accurately dated to 1350 AD .
Apachean : The group may have arrived earlier than the consensus date of arrival.
TRUE

Humans are not the only non-native species found in the basin today.
 --Spanish Colonials: horses and cattle left behind by these groups  sired wild herds in the area present to this day 
Thus, wild herds too are non native species found in the basin today.

TRUE

Thus, answers are :  NOT TRUE, TRUE, TRUE.

3) Which of the following conclusions regarding the Tularosa Basin is best supported by information from one of the three tabs?

a. It has been a constant home to human civilizations for the past 10,000 years.
 For approximately the last 12,000 years, this seemingly barren basin has been home to numerous populations and each of these cultures left their mark on the land. Correct. 
b. There are multiple mountain  ranges  within its natural boundaries.
 The all that we know is the Rocky Mountain range. 
c. Fossils of  multiple species  of human ancestors have been unearthed from its soil.
 Not true. Not much information on the fossils that have been found . Some of the information includes the fossils of animals e.g.Paleoindians (fossils of mammoths and camels).  
d. Precious metals have  never been found  by those who have settled it.
 Spanish Colonials: Explorers arrived searching for fabled cities of gold, but we don't know if the settlers had the metals. 
e. For millennia, it has not been home to the only known settlement in the region.
 We have no information about the other settlements (if there were unknown ones).

A

Deepakjhamb · Answer

1) For each of the following, select Influential if the variable listed is indicated independently in each of the three tabs as having had a demonstrable influence on conditions within the Tularosa Basin. Otherwise, select Not influential.

Influential Not influential 
Water
Humans
Animals

solution :

Water -Influential - yes Water described in all 3 tabs as important one , in first tab as river , second tab as lake and third 
tab as resource where settlement took place so its influential on Tulsara Basin

Humans - Non-Influential -Humans are not mentioned Tab2 Lake Otero , so out

Animals - Non -Influential -Animals not mentioned in Tab2 Lake Otero , so out 
 
2) For each of the following, select True if, according to information in tab 3, the statement about Tularosa Basin settlers can be reasonably inferred as factual. Otherwise, select Not true.

True Not true 
Earlier settler groups exhibited a more limited range of inhabitance than did later ones.
Certain groups of settlers have a more definitive date of entry and exit from the region than do others.
Humans are not the only non-native species found in the basin today.

Solution :

Earlier settler groups exhibited a more limited range of inhabitance than did later ones:  Not true , Infact its reversal of fact -as early settlers Paleoindians were nomadic and did large game hunting while Jornada Mogollon (200 AD – 1350 AD): Hunter-gatherers who settled in Tularosa Basin at the time pottery and permanent living structures first appeared in the region .

Certain groups of settlers have a more definitive date of entry and exit from the region than do others:  True , Yes this is true as for Apachean-Some historians believe this group may have arrived earlier than the consensus date of arrival and for Jornada Mogollon- Their disappearance from the region is considered accurately dated to 1350 AD based on records of drought at the time.

Humans are not the only non-native species found in the basin today : True , as in Tab3 its mentioned that horses and cattle left behind by Spanish colonials sired wild herds till present day :Spanish Colonials (1536 AD – 1800s AD): Explorers who arrived searching for fabled cities of gold. No gold was ever found, but horses and cattle left behind by these groups sired wild herds in the area present to this day.

3) Which of the following conclusions regarding the Tularosa Basin is best supported by information from one of the three tabs?

answer is b)There are multiple mountain ranges within its natural boundaries

a. It has been a constant home to human civilizations for the past 10,000 years :  no as we see that between 1350 -1450 AD there was no human civilzation mentioned in the passage for Tulsara Basin  
b. There are multiple mountain ranges within its natural boundaries :  yes this is the answer as all other options can be eliminated and tab1 says that These forces eventually formed the Rocky Mountain range. The plates began pulling in the opposite direction about 30 million years ago, pulling the crust apart to form mountains and low-lying basins along fault lines. The Tularosa Basin and its surrounding Sacramento and San Andres mountains formed at this time. so there are multiple mountain ranges -within its natural boundries 
c. Fossils of multiple species of human ancestors have been unearthed from its soil:  no ,actually fossils of mammoths and camels were unearthed as per tab3  
d. Precious metals have never been found by those who have settled it:  we are only given in tab3 that no gold was found in region , but from this we cannot conclude that any precious metals have not been found , so out  
e. For millennia, it has not been home to the only known settlement in the region:  actually millennia part is correct that for 1000's of years as the basin was formed 30 milliion years ago , no human settlement was there till 10,000 BC but saying that it has not been home to only known settlement in the region is wrong as we know that there were 5 settlements in region from tab 3-Paleoindians,Hunter-Gatherers ,Jornada Mogollon,Apachean & Spanish Colonials ., so this is out

rocky620 · Answer

1) For each of the following, select Influential if the variable listed is indicated independently in each of the three tabs as having had a demonstrable influence on conditions within the Tularosa Basin. Otherwise, select Not influential.

Water.... Influential.   
  Tab-1   - Two to three million years ago the ancient Rio Grande river began to flow along the southern edge of the Tularosa Basin, and, for approximately the last 12,000 years, this seemingly barren basin has been home to numerous populations and each of these cultures left their mark on the land.
  Tab-2   - As the earth warmed approximately 11,000 years ago ice melt and rain flossed down the mountains into the then 1,600-square-mile Lake Otero, which once covered much of the Tularosa Basin. Gradually, the climate in the basin became more arid and Lake Otero receded leaving large deposits of gypsum on the floor of the Tularosa Basin.
  Tab-3   - Hunter-Gatherers settled near water sources, Jornada Mogollon had droughts.

Humans....... Non Influential , Although humans influence are mentioned as influential in Tabs-1&3. There in no mention in Tab-2. Tab two mentions the influence of ice/water only.

Animals.....  Non Influential . It is not listed in Tabs 1&2. Only listed in tab 3 mainly for the purpose of Foods.

2) For each of the following, select True if, according to information in tab 3, the statement about Tularosa Basin settlers can be reasonably inferred as factual. Otherwise, select Not true. 
 
Earlier settler groups exhibited a more limited range of inhabitance than did later ones.... Yes. for almost 8000 years it was inhabited by the Paleoindians, who were Small bands of nomadic hunters who roamed the basin tracking large game animals such as mammoths and camels. Where as the settlers who arrived later began trades, built houses etc.

Certain groups of settlers have a more definitive date of entry and exit from the region than do others...... Yes it is mentioned for Jornada Mogollon. Their disappearance from the region is considered accurately dated to 1350 AD based on records of drought at the time.

Humans are not the only non-native species found in the basin today...... Yes. It is mentioned that horses and cattle left behind by Spanish Colonials, sired wild herds in the area present to this day.

3) Which of the following conclusions regarding the Tularosa Basin is best supported by information from one of the three tabs?

a. It has been a constant home to human civilizations for the past 10,000 years. ...No. There are no records of Civilizations Between 1350-1450. 
b. There are multiple mountain ranges within its natural boundaries...... No. Mountain ranges were surrounding it, not within the boundaries. 
c. Fossils of multiple species of human ancestors have been unearthed from its soil..... No. Fossils of animals were found not of the humans. 
d. Precious metals have never been found by those who have settled it...... They were not found by the people who came searching for it. Nothing can be said about the people who settled there. They might have found the precious metals and could have traded it.  
e. For millennia, it has not been home to the only known settlement in the region...... Yes. It was a home for (at least for sometime) for Apachean and Spanish Colonials.

Sajjad1994 · Answer

This is a medium to hard level question (650-700), OA has been posted. It is:

Q1: Influential, not Influential and Not Influential

Q2: All true

Q3: E

Comparatively better work here by  Deepakjhamb

rocky620  Perfect! 10/10

Tomorrow is the last day of this competition and the winner will be announced.

Good Luck!

akshatjandani · Answer

This question has many incorrect answers as correct, which is causing a lot of confusion,kindly look into it and check. Thank you

Bunuel · Answer

EDITED VERSION OF THIS QUESTION IS HERE: https://gmatclub.com/forum/beginning-ab ... 45472.html

Beginning about 70 million years ago, pressure from colliding tectonic

Prep Toolkit

Top 5 GMAT Debrief Videos

615 to 715 in 15 Days (Ria's Strategies)

More than Quant/Verbal Abilities: Speed vs. Accuracy

745 with Only Self-Prep and GMAT Club

From 555 to 765: 210-point Improvement

Perfect 805 Score Debrief by Julia

My Rewards

True	False
		Earlier settler groups exhibited a more limited range of inhabitance than did later ones.
		Certain groups of settlers have a more definitive date of entry and exit from the region than do others.
		Humans are not the only non-native species found in the basin today.

	It has been a constant home to human civilizations for the past 10,000 years.
	There are multiple mountain ranges within its natural boundaries.
	Fossils of multiple species of human ancestors have been unearthed from its soil.
	Precious metals have never been found by those who have settled it.
	For millennia, it has not been home to the only known settlement in the region.