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subhamgarg91
It is reported that some tribes in Africa used to eat the livers of their slain enemies which they believed allowed them to ingest their courage.

A) enemies which they believed allowed them to ingest their courage
B) enemies which they believed allowed them to ingest their enemies' courage
C) enemies, which would, they believed, allow them to ingest their enemies' courage
D) enemies, an act they believed allowed them to ingest the courage of their enemies
E) enemies, an act they believed allowed them to ingest the enemy courage

IMHO (D) for the highlighted errors in the options...

Answer will definitely be (D)
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subhamgarg91
It is reported that some tribes in Africa used to eat the livers of their slain enemies which they believed allowed them to ingest their courage.

A) enemies which they believed allowed them to ingest their courage
B) enemies which they believed allowed them to ingest their enemies' courage
C) enemies, which would, they believed, allow them to ingest their enemies' courage
D) enemies, an act they believed allowed them to ingest the courage of their enemies
E) enemies, an act they believed allowed them to ingest the enemy courage

1- Per GMAT standard in SC, (Which) should come after a comma and modify the nearest noun before that comma. So A and B are out.
2- In C, it's not clear what (which) is modifying. Because (which) can modify only noun and can not modify actions (eating the livers of their slain), C is out.
3- Between D and E, D communicates the meaning (the effect of eating the liver of their slain) better that E. So, E is out.

The winner option is D :-D

I think the problem of C is not the modifier "which" because "which" can stand for "the livers" - an eligible noun.
However, the last part of C "their enemies' courage" is less preferable than "the courage of their enemies" -> D is better
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Hientran48
Jabrah
subhamgarg91
It is reported that some tribes in Africa used to eat the livers of their slain enemies which they believed allowed them to ingest their courage.

A) enemies which they believed allowed them to ingest their courage
B) enemies which they believed allowed them to ingest their enemies' courage
C) enemies, which would, they believed, allow them to ingest their enemies' courage
D) enemies, an act they believed allowed them to ingest the courage of their enemies
E) enemies, an act they believed allowed them to ingest the enemy courage

1- Per GMAT standard in SC, (Which) should come after a comma and modify the nearest noun before that comma. So A and B are out.
2- In C, it's not clear what (which) is modifying. Because (which) can modify only noun and can not modify actions (eating the livers of their slain), C is out.
3- Between D and E, D communicates the meaning (the effect of eating the liver of their slain) better that E. So, E is out.

The winner option is D :-D

I think the problem of C is not the modifier "which" because "which" can stand for "the livers" - an eligible noun.
However, the last part of C "their enemies' courage" is less preferable than "the courage of their enemies" -> D is better

Hientran48

I agree with you 'cause I don't think which is the problem in C.But can you tell why "to ingest the courage of their enemies" is better than " to ingest their enemies' courage"
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Hientran48
Jabrah
subhamgarg91
It is reported that some tribes in Africa used to eat the livers of their slain enemies which they believed allowed them to ingest their courage.

A) enemies which they believed allowed them to ingest their courage
B) enemies which they believed allowed them to ingest their enemies' courage
C) enemies, which would, they believed, allow them to ingest their enemies' courage
D) enemies, an act they believed allowed them to ingest the courage of their enemies
E) enemies, an act they believed allowed them to ingest the enemy courage

1- Per GMAT standard in SC, (Which) should come after a comma and modify the nearest noun before that comma. So A and B are out.
2- In C, it's not clear what (which) is modifying. Because (which) can modify only noun and can not modify actions (eating the livers of their slain), C is out.
3- Between D and E, D communicates the meaning (the effect of eating the liver of their slain) better that E. So, E is out.

The winner option is D :-D

I think the problem of C is not the modifier "which" because "which" can stand for "the livers" - an eligible noun.
However, the last part of C "their enemies' courage" is less preferable than "the courage of their enemies" -> D is better

I don't think the "which" in option C is any different from the ones in the previous two options in referring to the "enemies". On the other hand, "their enemies' courage" and "the courage of their enemies" are both grammatically correct and convey the same meaning.
The answer, of course, is the option D. :)
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subhamgarg91
It is reported that some tribes in Africa used to eat the livers of their slain enemies which they believed allowed them to ingest their courage.


A) enemies which they believed allowed them to ingest their courage

B) enemies which they believed allowed them to ingest their enemies' courage

C) enemies, which would, they believed, allow them to ingest their enemies' courage

D) enemies, an act they believed allowed them to ingest the courage of their enemies

E) enemies, an act they believed allowed them to ingest the enemy courage


A. "which" can not be used to modify enemies. Also, if we use "which", we need a comma before it. If "which" is used without

comma it should succeed with a preposition (in which, for which, to which).

B and C are wrong the above mentioned reason.

D is correct.

E is passive
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Hi Experts,

I can figure out that answer D is correct, but, I didn't get any reason to say E is wrong.
Please help me understanding this.
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Which pattern is comma followed by which. Which talks about noun coming before here it is Enemies. Well enemies can not cannot allow them to ingest courage right?

in D vs E we don't like 2 nouns together & D is much better or clearer
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