Just as people move their hands as they talk dolphins communicate

Question

Project SC Butler: Sentence Correction (SC1) 
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Just as people move their hands as they talk,  dolphins communicate through such gestures like clapping their jaws and blowing air bubbles.

A) dolphins communicate through such gestures like clapping their jaws and blowing air bubbles.

B) dolphins communicate through gestures as clapping their jaws and blowing air bubbles.

C) dolphins clap their jaws and blow air bubbles in order to be communicating through gestures

D) so dolphins that clap their jaws and blow air bubbles to communicate through gestures.

E) so dolphins communicate through gestures such as clapping their jaws and blowing air bubbles.

generis · Accepted Answer

OFFICIAL EXPLANATION

Project SC Butler: Sentence Correction (SC1)

THE PROMPT  
 
• Meaning? 
Dolphins communicate through gestures such as clapping their jaws and blowing bubbles in a manner similar to the way that human beings move their hands as they talks.

• Idiom
 Just as X, so (too) Y. 
On harder sentence correction questions, this idiom shows up a fair bit.

→ This idiomatic construction is a comparison structure.
The two things under comparison must both be full clauses with subjects and verbs.
The X and Y elements must be parallel.
You will see both  Just as X, so too Y  and  Just as X, so Y . The two mean the same thing.
→ Meaning? 
Just as X is the case / is so / is true, Y is   the case / is so / is true.
We say:
Just as    , so (too)    .

• Diction
→ Use  such as  to introduce examples. 
→ On the GMAT, the use of  like  to introduce examples is almost always wrong. 
A couple of recent official questions have used "like" to introduce examples. 
→ The use of  like  to introduce examples may well soon be acceptable, but, to introduce examples 
(1)  such like  will never be correct
(2)  as , by itself, will never be correct, and
(3) if  like  becomes acceptable,  such as  will still be superior. GMAC will not pit one against the other.

Since we are talking about examples and  such as , another way to introduce examples is
 Such X as Y 
An official question that uses the  Such X . . . As Y  construction can be found by clicking  here .

THE OPTIONS  
 
• idiom error: Use  such as , never  such like 
The use of  such…like  to give examples is unidiomatic.
The proper way in which to introduce examples is a common question.
Yes, this answer is wrong on the basis of idiom alone—an idiom you should know.
ELIMINATE A
 
• idiom error: Use  such as , never simply  as , to introduce examples 
The use of  as  to give examples is unidiomatic. (And silly. This sentence sounds positively bizarre.)
ELIMINATE B
 
• diction / style error
→ The phrase  in order to be communicating  through gestures is awkward and  long. 
→ The use of  in order  suggests purpose or intent. Infinitives often suggest purpose or intent. Nevertheless, it is often just fine to use "in order" before an infinitive phrase. The weird part of this phrasing is  to be communicating . 
Why not just "to communicate"? The latter is shorter and clearer than  to be communicating .
KEEP tentatively, compare at the end

• the case of the Missing Verb - an incomplete sentence / fragment
→ The use of  that  "eats up" and thus eliminates the verbs  clap  and  blow  from the sentence. 
→ Now no main verb exists for the subject  dolphins . The sentence is a fragment.
ELIMINATE D
 
• I do not see any errors

• The elements of the idiomatic structure are parallel
JUST AS
X = people move their hands as they talk
SO  
Y = dolphins communicate through gestures such as clapping . . . and blowing . . .

•  such as  is the preferred way to introduce examples

• Between options C and E, which one wins?
Your answer should come quickly.
Option E is better because it is more concise and more clear. Option E also avoids that bizarre phrasing in option C.
ELIMINATE C.
KEEP E

The correct answer is E.

COMMENTS

bidskamikaze  , welcome to SC Butler.

We are glad to have you.

These three answers are superb.
Excellent work, everyone.

sumitkrocks · Answer

Correct Idiom is Just as x, so (too) y; X and y are to be parallel

Reject A, B and C for wrong idiom structure 
X is a clause and y has to be a clause too. In D y is a noun i.e D is not parallel. -Eliminate 
In E both x and y are clauses

E is the correct answer.

zhanbo · Answer

My answer is (E). It took me 01:18.

"just as... so (too)" is a rather formal phrase to show that there is a connection between two situations. (Read more at https://www.macmillandictionary.com/us/ ... -as-so-too).

In the previous link, a sample sentence is provided:
Just as the body needs regular exercise, so (too) an engine needs to be run at regular intervals.

It is definitely correct, but I wonder if the following sentence is also considered correct:
Just as the body needs regular exercise, an engine needs to be run at regular intervals.
I personally feel it should also be acceptable. Because of that feeling, I hesitate to automatically eliminate (A), (B), and (C). Fortunately, the test writer is kind enough to throw in other errors.

(A) In GMAT, use "such as" to provide examples. Do not use "like". And the "such ... like" is even worse.

(B) Use "such as" to provide examples.

(C) This one is promising. But
(1) "in order to" can be simplified to "to". GMAT does promote word economy.
(2) "to be communicating" is rarely used and thus requires strong justifications. None is evident.

(D) Not a sentence. It can be fixed by removing "that"

(E) "such as" is correctly used to introduce examples.
"just as... so (too)" is also in place.

bidskamikaze · Answer

Just as people move their hands as they talk,  dolphins communicate through such gestures like clapping their jaws and blowing air bubbles.

A) dolphins communicate through such gestures  like  clapping their jaws and blowing air bubbles. - Uses "like" to give examples; "such.... like" is never correct.

B) dolphins communicate through gestures  as  clapping their jaws and blowing air bubbles. -  "Such" is missing here. This raises the question: is "as" used to give example or to provide causation or timing?

C) dolphins clap their jaws and blow air bubbles  in order to be communicating  through gestures -  "in order to be communicating.." is incorrect.

D) so dolphins  that  clap their jaws and blow air bubbles to communicate through gestures. -  there is no verb in this sentence!

E)  so  dolphins communicate through gestures  such as  clapping their jaws and blowing air bubbles. -  Correct. "Just as.... so" idiom used correctly; "such as" used to give examples

generis · Answer

The official explanation is  here .

Archit3110 · Answer

we have a co relative conjunction here just as X ... so Y
eliminate ABC
left with D & E 
option E has parallelism which is correct 
 so dolphins communicate through gestures such as  clapping  their jaws and  blowing  air bubbles

harsha334 · Answer

The answer to this question is given as E " so dolphins communicate through gestures such as clapping their jaws and blowing air bubbles." can the sentence start with so after the comma which is mentioned in the before line

Just as people move their hands as they talk dolphins communicate

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GMAT Sentence Correction (SC - EA only) Questions

Just as people move their hands as they talk dolphins communicate

Prep Toolkit

615 to 715 in 15 Days (Ria's Strategies)

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My Rewards