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How to eliminate A, somebody pls throw some light
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riteshv
How to eliminate A, somebody pls throw some light
Looking at A:
Lacking an understanding of the earth's massive and complex ecosystem, many people tend to overestimate the importance of organisms, such as human beings, that are at or near the top of the food chain, and underestimate that of micro-organisms, such as plankton, that dwells near the bottom of the food chain .

This is saying that "micro-organisms, such as plankton, that dwells" which is incorrect because micro-organisms is plural, so "dwell" should be used instead of "dwells"
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A) organisms, such as human beings, that are at or near the top of the food chain, and underestimate that of micro-organisms, such as plankton, that dwells near the bottom of the food chain. Subject Verb error ( Plankton - dwells ) --Incorrect
B) organisms, such as human beings, that are at or near the top of the food chain, and underestimate it when micro-organisms, such as plankton, dwell near the bottom of the food chain. ( Who does it refer to ? ) --Incorrect , SV error ( importance is singular , Verb are is incorrect)
C) organisms, such as human beings, that are at or near the top of the food chain, and underestimate it for micro-organisms, such as plankton, who dwell near the bottom of the food chain. ( Who does it refer to ? ) --Incorrect , SV error ( importance is singular , Verb are is incorrect)
D) organisms at or near the top of the food chain, such as human beings, and underestimate that of micro-organisms near the bottom of the food chain, such as plankton .. -- Correct that refers to importance !!
E) organisms at or near the top of the food chain, such as human beings, and underestimate it when considering micro-organisms near the bottom of the food chain, such as plankton ( Who does it refer to ? ) --Incorrect
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[quote="alex1233"]Lacking an understanding of the earth's massive and complex ecosystem, many people tend to overestimate the importance of organisms, such as human beings, that are at or near the top of the food chain, and underestimate that of micro-organisms, such as plankton, that dwells near the bottom of the food chain .

A) organisms, such as human beings, that are at or near the top of the food chain, and underestimate that of micro-organisms, such as plankton, that dwells near the bottom of the food chain.
B) organisms, such as human beings, that are at or near the top of the food chain, and underestimate it when micro-organisms, such as plankton, dwell near the bottom of the food chain.
C) organisms, such as human beings, that are at or near the top of the food chain, and underestimate it for micro-organisms, such as plankton, who dwell near the bottom of the food chain.
D) organisms at or near the top of the food chain, such as human beings, and underestimate that of micro-organisms near the bottom of the food chain, such as plankton
E) organisms at or near the top of the food chain, such as human beings, and underestimate it when considering micro-organisms near the bottom of the food chain, such as plankton





What is Such as plankton in option D doing?
In D, it seems to provide example of food chain rather than to provide example of micro organism
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How can Importance be at the top of food chain??
It should be human beings that should be at the top of food chain.Right??
Can any1 please through light on this
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I eliminated A,B,and C because of the pronoun "that" that refers to human being. When talking about people who/whom/whose should be used.
Between D and E - E has no clear antecedent for the pronoun "it"
yet, D sounds awkward as well, but less awkward than E...
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‘ That’ is a restrictive pronoun that can never be preceded by a comma; One can remove A, B and C on this count alone. Of course, E changes the meaning in that the comparison is now wrongly limited to only those microorganisms near the bottom of the food chain. The comparison excludes other microorganisms. Plankton is an example of microorganisms in general and happens to dwell at the bottom fo the food chain. So D.
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riteshv
How to eliminate A, somebody pls throw some light




The ( that ) present in A points towards organisms and since that is singular , it can't point to plural subjects
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vijay556
alex1233
Lacking an understanding of the earth's massive and complex ecosystem, many people tend to overestimate the importance of organisms, such as human beings, that are at or near the top of the food chain, and underestimate that of micro-organisms, such as plankton, that dwells near the bottom of the food chain .

A) organisms, such as human beings, that are at or near the top of the food chain, and underestimate that of micro-organisms, such as plankton, that dwells near the bottom of the food chain.
B) organisms, such as human beings, that are at or near the top of the food chain, and underestimate it when micro-organisms, such as plankton, dwell near the bottom of the food chain.
C) organisms, such as human beings, that are at or near the top of the food chain, and underestimate it for micro-organisms, such as plankton, who dwell near the bottom of the food chain.
D) organisms at or near the top of the food chain, such as human beings, and underestimate that of micro-organisms near the bottom of the food chain, such as plankton
E) organisms at or near the top of the food chain, such as human beings, and underestimate it when considering micro-organisms near the bottom of the food chain, such as plankton





What is Such as plankton in option D doing?
In D, it seems to provide example of food chain rather than to provide example of micro organism

I have the same doubt. Is this a good question to practice?
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In Option A 'that' a singular pronoun refers to 'organisms' which is plural. Again 'that dwells' is singular form refering to plural noun 'micro-organisms'. So, Option A is incorrect. Option D is the correct one.

Posted from my mobile device
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anirbandeep2907
In Option A 'that' a singular pronoun refers to 'organisms' which is plural. Again 'that dwells' is singular form refering to plural noun 'micro-organisms'. So, Option A is incorrect. Option D is the correct one.
Hi Anirban, "that", when used as a relative pronoun (as is the case here) can refer to both singular and to plural nouns.

So, both of these are correct:

The car that I drive runs fast.

The cars that I drive run fast.
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riteshv
How to eliminate A, somebody pls throw some light

A is wrong because it uses "dwells" for plural microorganisms.
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