Explanation:This is a classic overlapping sets problem. The most efficient way to organize this data is using a
Double-Matrix (Cross-Grid).
Step 1: Set up the matrix with the given ratiosLet
T = Total students.
[]2/3 of the students dislike Lima Beans. (Therefore, 1/3 like them). []Of those who dislike Lima Beans (2/3T), 3/5 also dislike Brussels Sprouts.
- Calculation for "Dislike Both": $(3/5) * (2/3)T = 6/15T = 2/5T$.
| Like Sprouts | Dislike Sprouts | Total Lima |
| Like Lima | | | 1/3 T |
| Dislike Lima | TARGET | 2/5 T | 2/3 T |
| Total Sprouts | | | T |
Step 2: Solve for the Target CellTo find the number of students who
Like Sprouts but Dislike Lima, we subtract the "Dislike Both" cell from the "Total Dislike Lima" column:
Target = (2/3)T - (2/5)T$
Target = (10/15)T - (6/15)T =
4/15 T$
Conclusion: We just need the value of
T to solve.
Evaluate Statement (1):(1) 120 students eat in the cafeteria.
This gives us T = 120.
Answer = (4/15) * 120 = 32.
Sufficient.Evaluate Statement (2):(2) 40 of the students like lima beans.
From our matrix, the "Like Lima" total is $1/3 T.
Since we have the total, we can find the target.
Sufficient.Final Answer: D (Each statement alone is sufficient).