alphaseeker wrote:
For over two centuries, no one had been able to make Damascus blades—blades with a distinctive serpentine surface pattern—but a contemporary sword maker may just have rediscovered how. Using iron with trace impurities that precisely matched those present in the iron used in historic Damascus blades, this contemporary sword maker seems to have finally hit on an intricate process by which he can produce a blade indistinguishable from a true Damascus blade.
Which of the following, if true, provides the strongest support for the hypothesis that trace impurities in the iron are essential for the production of Damascus blades?
(A) There are surface features of every Damascus blade—including the blades produced by the contemporary sword maker—that are unique to that blade.
(B) The iron with which the contemporary sword maker made Damascus blades came from a source of iron that was unknown two centuries ago.
(C) Almost all the tools used by the contemporary sword maker were updated versions of tools that were used by sword makers over two centuries ago.
(D) Production of Damascus blades by sword makers of the past ceased abruptly after those sword makers' original source of iron became exhausted.
(E) Although Damascus blades were renowned for maintaining a sharp edge, the blade made by the contemporary sword maker suggests that they may have maintained their edge less well than blades made using what is now the standard process for making blades.
Passage analysis For over two centuries, no one had been able to make Damascus blades—blades with a distinctive serpentine surface pattern—but a contemporary sword maker may just have rediscovered how.Damascus blades are blades with a special snakelike surface design.
No one has been able to make such blades for over two centuries.
We can infer that Damascus blades stopped been made over two centuries ago.
But a modern-day sword maker seems to have found a way to make the blades again.
Using iron with trace impurities that precisely matched those present in the iron used in historic Damascus blades,The sword maker used iron with trace impurities which were exactly the same as found in the Damascus blades.
this contemporary sword maker seems to have finally hit on an intricate process by which he can produce a blade indistinguishable from a true Damascus blade.This formula seems to have finally enabled the sword maker to make blades that cannot be distinguished as different from the real ones.
ConclusionTrace impurities in the iron are essential for the production of Damascus blades
PrethinkingStrengthen FrameworkNow per our understanding of the passage, let’s first write down the strengthen framework:
What new information will help us believe more in the conclusion
Trace impurities in the iron are essential for the production of Damascus blades
Given that
For over two centuries, no one had been able to make Damascus blades
A modern-day sword maker seems to have rediscovered the lost art of making Damascus blades.
He uses iron with trace impurities that matched those present in the historic blades.
He apparently makes blades that cannot be differentiated from a real Damascus blade.
Thought processThe entire argument is full of words that imply “seems”. He may have discovered and seems to have hit on a process indicate uncertainty.
But if some evidence could be found to show that it is indeed so it would strengthen the argument.
The points to ponder over are:
The blades had been stopped being made two centuries ago. There must have been some reason for the art to get lost.
Why does the sword maker need to use iron with trace impurities?
StrengthenerMost likely the iron used to make the blades over two centuries ago was of some special type which was no longer available.
And that is why the blades were not produced anymore.
And the sword maker had to add the impurities to make the blades resemble the real ones in every aspect.
So, if any option suggests that the iron from which the real blades were made had ceased to be available over two centuries ago, then it will strengthen the hypothesis.
Answer Choice AnalysisOption AThis just supports the fact that the sword makers blades cannot be distinguished from the real ones. It does not offer any new information.
Thus, this is not the correct choice.
Option BEven if the source of iron of the contemporary blade was not known centuries ago, the sword maker ensured that the composition matched with the iron used centuries ago to make the Damascus blades. This option fails to support the conclusion that the sword maker had to add the trace impurities.
Thus, this is not the correct choice.
Option CThis option is about updated tools and not replicas of tools made over two centuries ago. So, it is irrelevant to the argument.
Thus, this is not the correct choice.
Option DThis is in line with our pre-thinking.
This supports the theory that the trace impurities found in that iron were necessary to the making of the blades.
Thus, this is the correct answer choice.
Option EWhatever be the process of making and maintain the two kinds of blades, the fact is they are indistinguishable from each other. It fails to offer any support to the conclusion about the necessity of adding trace impurities.
Thus, this is not the correct choice.