The role that lipids, commonly known as "fats," play in diet and healt

Question

The role that lipids, commonly known as "fats," play in diet and health has remained woefully unclear to most consumers. As a nation, we have demonized fat and, in particular, cholesterol, the fat-like substance found in most animal tissues. The truth is, as a population, our consumption of fats has declined dramatically over the last few decades. In the 1960s, Americans obtained 45 percent of their calories from fats and oils; today, we get approximately 33 percent of our calories from these sources. But in the 1960s, only 13 percent of the population was obese, with less than 1 percent having type 2 diabetes. Today those figures are 34 percent and 8 percent, respectively.

We might well ask how this can be. The simple answer is that fat is a nutrient so vital to life that it is present in nearly all foods. Small amounts can even be found in lettuce. Physical health, then, is primarily determined not by the amount of fat consumed but by the type. Saturated and Trans fats, which are heavily used by the processed food industry, are the fats to avoid, as they can damage a healthy circulatory system. Conversely, triglycerides, which are a natural form of fat and oils, move easily through the bloodstream and are essential to life. Likewise, the omega-3 fatty acids found in fish and other sources promote good health. And just as some fats have been unfairly demonized, some forms of cholesterol are actually beneficial. For example, high density lipoproteins (HDLs) scrub clogging cholesterol from artery walls.

While this new understanding of fat and cholesterol is battling conventional wisdom, one maxim of healthy eating still seems to hold true: Anything in excess is potentially harmful. Triglycerides have health benefits, but if the human body has too many at its disposal, it builds up adipose tissue, which becomes visible body fat.    1 
 1. It can be inferred from this passage that

A. a healthy diet should consist primarily of HDLs and triglycerides.
B. people in the 1960s were healthier despite having higher body fat.
C. there is no correlation between fat consumption and such health risks as obesity and diabetes. 
D. processed food is less likely to be healthful than fish is.
E. popular misconceptions play a decreasing role in public attitudes about fat.

2 
 2. The author mentions statistics from the 1960s in order to

A. demonstrate a trend toward the consumption of healthier fats.
B. illustrate the cultural differences between the 1960s and today.
C. assert a connection between popular trends and fat consumption.
D. underscore a widely held belief about past fat consumption in this country.
E. support the argument that fat consumption is not inherently unhealthy.

3 
 3. According to the passage, high density lipoproteins (HDLs) are good for health because they

A. are a type of Trans fat. 
B. occur naturally in the human body. 
C. clean cholesterol from arteries. 
D. move easily through the body. 
E. reduce the incidence of obesity and diabetes.

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c93liu · Answer

Q1. It can be inferred from this passage that

My answer is D).

A) a healthy diet should consist primarily of HDLs and triglycerides. 
"Primarily" is a bit extreme. Sure HDLs and triglycerides are healthier than saturated and trans fat, but this does not mean a healthy diet should be primarily of HDLs and triglycerides. What about vitamin, protein, and carbohydrate?
 B) people in the 1960s were healthier despite having higher body fat. 
People in the 60s were healthier based on stats at the end of paragraph 1, but having higher body fat? Seems like the opposite is true considering only 13% was obese vs. 34% today.
 C) there is no correlation between fat consumption and such health risks as obesity and diabetes. 
Too much consumption of the healthy stuff or of the unhealthy kind surely would have correlations with these health risks.
 D) processed food is less likely to be healthful than fish is. 
Yes. Processed food contains saturated and trans fat as described in paragraph 2, whereas fish contains omega-3 fatty acids, which promote good health.
 E) popular misconceptions play a decreasing role in public attitudes about fat. 
If this were the case, this passage would be unnecessary. The 1st few sentences in the 1st paragraph would dispute this.

Q2. The author mentions statistics from the 1960s in order to

My answer is E). The stats were mentioned towards the end of paragraph 1, and were mainly used to present a paradox in CR's parlance: lower % of our calories today come from fats and oils vs. 1960s, yet we are more unhealthy now vs. back then.

A) demonstrate a trend toward the consumption of healthier fats. 
If anything, seems to indicate that our consumption of the unhealthy kinds are on the rise.
 B) illustrate the cultural differences between the 1960s and today. 
Maybe regarding the demonization of fats and oils, but this point ignores the 2nd part of the paradox as discussed above: i.e., why we are more unhealthy now.
 C) assert a connection between popular trends and fat consumption. 
Similar to B) this answer only addresses the 1st part of the paradox.
 D) underscore a widely held belief about past fat consumption in this country. 
No such beliefs were discussed in the passage or the 1st paragraph.
 E) support the argument that fat consumption is not inherently unhealthy. 
Correct. That's the way to resolve the paradox.

Q3. According to the passage, high density lipoproteins (HDLs) are good for health because they

My answer is C). The answer to this question is at the end of paragraph 2: "high density lipoproteins (HDLs) scrub clogging cholesterol from artery walls."

A) are a type of Trans fat. 
Nope, trans fat is the unhealthy kind. HDLs are not a type of that.
 B) occur naturally in the human body. 
Not discussed in the passage.
 C) clean cholesterol from arteries. 
Yes. See above.
 D) move easily through the body. 
That's triglyceride, not HDLs.
 E) reduce the incidence of obesity and diabetes. 
HDLs are relatively healthier but that does not mean they reduce the incidence of obesity and diabetes. Too extreme.

800gal · Answer

ANSWERS : 1. D 2. E 3. C REASONING : https://gmatclub.com/forum/download/file.php?mode=view&id=64030 1. It can be inferred from this passage that This is an inference question. Assume everything stated in the passage is true and given that, the answer choice MUST HOLD TRUE. Answers to look out for that are WRONG are MAY BE TRUE’s and FALSE choices. A. a healthy diet should consist primarily of HDLs and triglycerides. The passage states that fat is essential for health and vital to life in general, not that a healthy diet should PRIMARILY consist of HDLs and triglycerides. The amount of fat in the diet is not addressed in this passage. (MAYBE) B. people in the 1960s were healthier despite having higher body fat. The statistics do show that people in the 1960’s had lesser obesity and diabetes percentages which could be construed as healthier however we do not know whether they had higher body fat. In fact the lesser obesity percentage can point to people of that era having LESSER body fat. (MAYBE) C. there is no correlation between fat consumption and such health risks as obesity and diabetes. This cannot be inferred because all the passage says is that the misconception that all fat is bad for health is wrong. In fact in the final paragraph the author states “Triglycerides have health benefits, but if the human body has too many at its disposal, it builds up adipose tissue, which becomes visible body fat.” , which states that too much of even a good fat can actually cause obesity. This is a FALSE choice. D. processed food is less likely to be healthful than fish is. CORRECT This CAN be inferred from paragraph 2. “Saturated and Trans fats, which are heavily used by the processed food industry, are the fats to avoid, as they can damage a healthy circulatory system.” - which shows that processed food CAN be unhealthy. “Likewise, the omega-3 fatty acids found in fish and other sources promote good health.”- which shows that fish contains healthy fats that can promote good health It is reasonable to infer that fish are RELATIVELY healthy in comparison to processed foods E. popular misconceptions play a decreasing role in public attitudes about fat. This is a FALSE choice. It can be inferred from paragraph 1 that the popular misconception that all fats are bad play an increasing role in public attitudes about fat which is reflected in the drop in fat consumption even though the obesity and diabetes statistics rose. 2. The author mentions statistics from the 1960s in order to This is a ROLE question, where you need to find WHY the author mentioned the 1960’s statistics. From the passage map we can see that he uses these statistics to show a comparison between an era where fat consumption and general health remained high and the modern era where fat consumption has dropped along with general health. A. demonstrate a trend toward the consumption of healthier fats. No this is not explored in the paragraph. All we know is that the trend is toward consuming less fat in general. B. illustrate the cultural differences between the 1960s and today. Cultural differences are not explored anywhere in this passage. FALSE. C. assert a connection between popular trends and fat consumption. The statistics were mentioned specifically to highlight a surprising result and shed light on a POPULAR MISCONCEPTION , not how popular trends relate with fat consumption. D. underscore a widely held belief about past fat consumption in this country. There is not widely held belief about PAST fat consumption being explored here. The belief mentioned is about fat consumption IN GENERAL. E. support the argument that fat consumption is not inherently unhealthy. CORRECT Yes. By contrasting an era where people consumed more fat and stayed healthy clearly shows the author using this piece of evidence to point out that fat consumption is not completely healthy. 3. According to the passage, high density lipoproteins (HDLs) are good for health because they This is an EVIDENCE question. The correct answer choice must support why HDL’s are good for health. According to Paragraph 2 “For example, high density lipoproteins (HDLs) scrub clogging cholesterol from artery walls.”, HDL’s help clean cholesterol off artery walls. A. are a type of Trans fat. They are not. They are a type of healthy fat. B. occur naturally in the human body. They do not occur naturally in the body as per the passage. C. clean cholesterol from arteries. CORRECT Yes they do. This matches our passage map and evidence statement exactly. D. move easily through the body. This is mentioned as a characteristic of TRIGLYCERIDES. E. reduce the incidence of obesity and diabetes. This is not mentioned as a reason why HDL is unhealthy. In fact nothing is mentioned as REDUCING the instance of obesity and/or diabetes in this passage. Screenshot 2021-10-08 at 00.09.57.png

Gknight5603 · Answer

1. D 
processed food contains trans fats so such food items are less healthful than fish. Fish contains omega 3 (healthy fat)

B cant be the answer because we only know about obesity ....not over-all health.

2. E Author wants to append his discussion about misconception thats why he/she mentioned these facts (premise for the argument)

3. C ... detail question ...2nd para last line.

Posted from my mobile device

RohitSaluja · Answer

Answers 1-D ; 2-D ; 3-C

1. It can be inferred from this passage that

As this is an inference question we will have to analyze each option and can't pre-think as such, so let's directly jump to the options

A. a healthy diet should consist primarily of HDLs and triglycerides. 
The author does mention that "HDLs and triglycerides" but in the last passage the author also mention that anything in excess is potentially harmful, so eliminate this one

B. people in the 1960s were healthier despite having higher body fat. 
We don't know whether people in 60s had higher body fat than people now, the passage mentions is that "Americans obtained 45 percent of their calories from fats and oils; today, we get approximately 33 percent of our calories from these sources" but nothing else, so from here we cannot infer that people had a higher body fat

C. there is no correlation between fat consumption and such health risks as obesity and diabetes. 
No comparison is drawn in the passage, so eliminate this

D. processed food is less likely to be healthful than fish is. 
This is directly stated in the passage, hence the correct answer

E. popular misconceptions play a decreasing role in public attitudes about fat. 
No, this can't be inferred from the passage

2. The author mentions statistics from the 1960s in order to  
I was divided between D and E and went with D for the following reasons. The author starts off by mentioning that "fat has been demonized in the society and our consumption of fat has decreased" and after this the author mentions the statistics to present a paradox that "Although the consumption has decreased, the %age of pop. with obesity and diabetes has increased". Now, this as per me is only presented to undermine the belief "that fats are bad" because if that is the case then how is it the statistics didn't improve.

A. demonstrate a trend toward the consumption of healthier fats.  
No that is not the reason for mentioning as explained above

B. illustrate the cultural differences between the 1960s and today. 
Nowhere in the passage, the cultural difference was discussed

C. assert a connection between popular trends and fat consumption. 
Nope this is not the reason for mentioning the stats

D. underscore a widely held belief about past fat consumption in this country. 
This is the correct answer choice, as explained above

E. support the argument that fat consumption is not inherently unhealthy. 
As explained above, this cant be the answer

3. According to the passage, high density lipoproteins (HDLs) are good for health because they  
It is directly mentioned in the passage that "For example, high-density lipoproteins (HDLs) scrub clogging cholesterol from artery walls." so C is the answer

A. are a type of Trans fat. 
No, this is not the answer as explained above

B. occur naturally in the human body. 
No, this is not the answer as explained above

C. clean cholesterol from arteries. 
This is the answer as mentioned above

D. move easily through the body. 
No, this is not the answer as explained above

E. reduce the incidence of obesity and diabetes. 
No, this is not the answer as explained above

Gaudapada · Answer

+---+---+---+
| 1 | 2 | 3 |
+---+---+---+
| D | E | C |
+---+---+---+

1. It can be inferred from this passage that

A. a healthy diet should consist  primarily  of HDLs and triglycerides.  
The problem with this choice is the inclusion of the word   primary  . Passage advocates for the consumption of HDLs and triglycerides, but not as a primary component of the diet. Author even advocates against excess consumption of these substances in  paragraph 3

B. people in the 1960s were healthier despite having  higher  body fat.  
Author states in the passage that people in the 1960's had  lower  body fat than people today.
From  paragraph 2 ,
 
The obesity rate has increased from  13%  to  34%

C. there is  no correlation  between fat consumption and such health risks as obesity and diabetes.  
 No correlation  is too extreme a statement. Author mentions that obesity and diabetes rates are increasing despite a drop in percentage of calories from fat consumption, but this does not suggest that there is  no correlation  at all. Correlation could be positive or negative, but  no correlation  implies that the data points being compared are unrelated statistically.

D. processed food is less likely to be healthful than fish is.  
 CORRECT :  From  paragraph 2 ,
 
From this quote we can draw out the inference as follows.
(i.) Saturated and Trans fats are heavily used in processed food industry and are unhealthy
(ii.) Triglycerides are natural forms of fat and oils (derived from natural sources) and are healthy
Since  fish  are a natural source of fats, we can assume that  fish contain triglycerides  (which are healthy)
Therefore   processed food is less likely to be healthful than fish is.

E. popular misconceptions play a decreasing role in public attitudes about fat.  
From the passage, the only popular misconception in question is one about whether fat consumption is healthy or not. Author does not say whether such misconceptions are playing an increasing or decreasing role in public attitudes. It is irrelevant to the passage.

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 2. The author mentions statistics from the 1960s in order to

A. demonstrate a trend toward the consumption of healthier fats.  
The trend mentioned by the author is the increasing rates of obesity and diabetes, even though the percentage of calories coming from fats has decreased. The statistic in question  makes no reference as to whether the fats are healthy or unhealthy.

B. illustrate the cultural differences between the 1960s and today.  
This is not the main purpose of the statistic. Cultural perceptions towards fat consumption have changed, but author is citing the statistic in order to point out a contradiction, which is the rise in unhealthy outcomes even though the people became more health conscious(reducing percentage of calories that come from fats)

C. assert a connection between popular trends and fat consumption.  
Here the popular trend is the demonization of fats. This is not the intent of the author. Look at the line immediately preceding the statistic. From  paragraph 1 , 
 
By using the phrase   the truth is  , the author means to convey that  even though  fat consumption has declined, obesity rates have increased(the statistic). The author is not  asserting a connection , but rather pointing out a  contradiction

D. underscore a widely held belief about  past fat consumption  in this country.  
The problem with this option is the phrase  past fat consumption . The widely held belief which the author talks about in  paragraph 1  is the belief that fats are unhealthy. There is no mention of any widely held belief about  past fat consumption . If the option was just "underscore a widely held belief about fat consumption in this country" with no mention of past, then it would be correct.

E. support the argument that fat consumption is not inherently unhealthy.  
 CORRECT :  From  paragraph 1 ,
 
Author is pointing out the  contradiction  that even though fat consumption(as a percentage of total calories) has  decreased , obesity and diabetes rates have  increased 
In this way the author uses the statistic to point out that the widely held  belief about fat consumption being inherently unhealthy is incorrect .

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 3. According to the passage, high density lipoproteins (HDLs) are good for health because they

A. are a type of  Trans fat .  
From  paragraph 2 ,
 
From this line we can see that  HDL is a form of cholesterol  and  cholesterols are not fats 
Therefore HDLs are not Trans fats

B. occur naturally in the human body.  
Author makes no mention of whether HDLs occur naturally or not. Even then, It would not be much of an argument to say that  HDLs are healthy because they are naturally occurring.

C. clean cholesterol from arteries.  
 CORRECT :  This is directly mentioned in the passage. From  paragraph 2 ,
 
Author first states that some cholesterols are beneficial, then gives an example of a type of cholesterol's (HDL) health benefits.
This we can say that HDLs are good for health (beneficial) because they clean cholesterol from arteries.

D. move easily through the body.  
Like  B , neither is this mentioned in the paragraph, nor would it suffice as an argument as to why HDLs are healthy.

E. reduce the incidence of obesity and diabetes.  
Author does not mention this. Only one benefit of HDL is provided as an example - 
 
No other benefits are mentioned. Hence we can rule out  E

Sellby · Answer

Understanding the Passage:

Paragraph 1: 
Most consumers don't have clear understanding of fat's role in diet. America has demonized Cholesterol in general, a kind of fat, but that's not quite true. The consumption of fat has decreased over the past decades and statistics are provided, comparing current reliance on fat and Obesity and diabetics levels to that of 1960s supporting the contradiction brought up.

Paragraph 2: 
Sets out to explain why current levels of Obesity and Diabetics levels are higher than that of 1960s. Introduces a new information that explains the difference between good and bad fats and concludes that health is a function of type of fat rather than amount of fat consumed. Essentially coveys that the conventional understanding has been wrong.

Paragraph 3: 
Highlights an exception to the idea that conventional understanding has been wrong and provides an example.

Question 1: Answer IMO D 
1. It can be inferred from this passage that

A. a healthy diet should consist primarily of HDLs and triglycerides. 
The passage doesn't explain what is a "healthy diet". Also, last para says that too much triglycerides leads to obesity. So, a diet consisting  primarily  of HDLs and triglycerides is likely to be unhealthy.
 B. people in the 1960s were healthier despite having higher body fat. 
All we know is that the people of 1960s were less obese and diabetic but we don't know about their  health, in general . In addition, obesity, in general, was not as prevalent in 1960s as it is today, as per the statistics given.
 C. there is no correlation between fat consumption and such health risks as obesity and diabetes. 
Not true. Third para says that consumption of Triglycerides in excess can cause obesity. Also, per para 2, consumption of certain types of fat still poses health risk.
 D. processed food is less likely to be healthful than fish is. 
Correct. Para 2 says that the fats heavily used in the processed food should be avoided as they're unhealthy. In a following sentence, it's said that the omega-3 fatty acids found in fish promote good health. So, this statement can be inferred.
 E. popular misconceptions play a decreasing role in public attitudes about fat. 
In fact, it suggests other way around. Passage states that the fat consumption has decreased in recent decades. This can arguably be correlated with the fact that people have  demonized  fat. So, misconceptions should've played increasing role.

Question 2: Answer IMO E 
2. The author mentions statistics from the 1960s in order to

A. demonstrate a trend toward the consumption of healthier fats. 
The trend shows that, despite the decrease in fat consumption today as compared to the 1960s, Obesity & Diabetics increased in prevalence. This can only be construed as a trend toward the consumption of  un healthier fats.
 B. illustrate the cultural differences between the 1960s and today. 
No cultural aspect is discussed in the passage but just different timelines.
 C. assert a connection between popular trends and fat consumption. 
The statistics was provided to support a counter-intuitive thinking, not to correlate "Popular trends" with fat consumption. In addition, we're not sure what "Popular trends" indicate here.
 D. underscore a widely held belief about past fat consumption in this country. 
There is no indication of any opinion about past fat consumption whatsoever.
 E. support the argument that fat consumption is not inherently unhealthy. 
The usage of phrases like "we have demonized..." & "The truth is...", in the first para indicates that the author sets out to prove the contrast. The Statistics that follows does quite that. It aids affirming that though the fat consumption is "demonized" as unhealthy, "The truth" is that it is not. People consumed more fat in the 1960s but were less unhealthy(obesity & Diabetics, per statistics, were less prevalent).

Question 3: Answer IMO C 
3. According to the passage, high density lipoproteins (HDLs) are good for health because they
Last line of para 2 precisely paraphrases "clean cholesterol from arteries"

A. are a type of Trans fat. 
Passage says that Trans fats are the fats to avoid as they are  not  good for health.
 B. occur naturally in the human body. 
No fat, let alone HDLs, is said to be naturally "occurring" in the body.
 C. clean cholesterol from arteries. 
Correct, as explained above.
 D. move easily through the body. 
Triglycerides are the ones, as explicitly stated in passage, that move easily through the body. But no such information on HDLs.
 E. reduce the incidence of obesity and diabetes. 
The only stated benefit of HDLs is that it cleans cholesterol from arteries. It's unclear whether that leads to reduced incidence of obesity and diabetes.

Nirmesh83 · Answer

1.B2.E3.C
Although seems easy topic but took 8 mins. to solve.

SomeOneUnique · Answer

1. It can be inferred from this passage that

A. a healthy diet should consist primarily of HDLs and triglycerides. => There are other things that can fill up for HDLs so we can not infer that healthy diets 'should consist' (have to have) HLDs.  INCORRECT 
B. people in the 1960s were healthier despite having higher body fat. => This could look like correct answer on the first read until we read D.  INCORRECT 
C. there is no correlation between fat consumption and such health risks as obesity and diabetes. => Opposite. Passage is written with the intent of relating fats and health.  INCORRECT 
D. processed food is less likely to be healthful than fish is. => We can re-word the choice. Fish is more healthful and processed food is less healthful.
Para 2 has mentioned - processed food industry - fats to avoid, as they can damage a healthy circulatory system. 
Para 2 also mentioned - fish promote good health.
D is  CORRECT .
E. popular misconceptions play a decreasing role in public attitudes about fat. => Passage says misconception is - fat is not good for health. E says 'misconceptions play a decreasing role' : misconception is reducing. Not really, because people are worried about consuming fat and hence consume less of it.  INCORRECT

2. The author mentions statistics from the 1960s in order to

EXPLANATION: Author mentions statistics to highlight the truth that our consumption of fats has declined 
A. demonstrate a trend toward the consumption of healthier fats. => It would have been correct if it said : demonstrate a trend toward the consumption of fats. The trend is against healthier fats.  INCORRECT 
B. illustrate the cultural differences between the 1960s and today. => Stats highlight consumption not culture.  INCORRECT 
C. assert a connection between popular trends and fat consumption. => This choice would have been correct if it said connection between popular fat consumption trends of old time and popular fat consumption trends in recent times. But it incorrectly connects trends and fat consumption.  INCORRECT 
D. underscore a widely held belief about past fat consumption in this country. => Statistics highlight current consumption and past consumption as well, so we can not say that stats are mentioned to highlight past consumption.  INCORRECT 
E. support the argument that fat consumption is not inherently unhealthy. => Author has mentioned the stats to assert that ' we have demonized fat '. He wants people to believe that fat consumption is actually healthy.  CORRECT .

3. According to the passage, high density lipoproteins (HDLs) are good for health because they

EXPLANATION: Para 2 last line directly answers this because question. Line says "some forms of cholesterol are actually beneficial. For example, HDLs scrub clogging cholesterol from artery walls". HDLs are good because they remove the cholesterol (that block up) from artery walls 
A. are a type of Trans fat.
B. occur naturally in the human body.
C. clean cholesterol from arteries. => Prefect, in line with the explanation.  CORRECT 
D. move easily through the body.
E. reduce the incidence of obesity and diabetes.

irisjojojo · Answer

Really like this article! Informative and interesting~

Question 1: E

Question 2: E

The purpose of mentioning the statistics is to show the misunderstanding of people toward " fats ." That is to say, by providing data in the past, we could sense that the percentage of fat intake is not the cause of unhealthiness. And to further discuss the true reason of people's aggravating health  --- the type of fats we consume.

In Option D, there's  no  "widely held belief about past fat consumption." The belief is that diets containing large percentage of fats  DO NOT  give rise to obesity and poor health condition.

Question 3: C

sunitapandey · Answer

Para 1: 
Whether fat is good or bad for health remains unclear.
The consumption of fat has declined dramatically over the years.
Compared the statistics of 1960 and present day world.
In 1960 the calorie intake was mostly from fat and oil, still percentage of obese and people with type 2 diabetes is more today than it was it in 1960.

Para 2: 
Physical health is not determined by the amount of fat but the type of fat consumed.
Fats like triglycerides and omega-3 fatty acids good for health and so is high density lipoproteins (HDLs) as it scrubs clogging cholesterol from artery wall.

Para 3: 
Amidst the understanding of fat and cholesterol, author says that what always hold true is that anything in excess is harmful.
Example if the body has too much of triglycerides it builds up adipose tissue that becomes visible body fat.

1. It can be inferred from this passage that
A. a healthy diet should consist primarily of HDLs and triglycerides.
Not the inference from the passage as a whole
B. people in the 1960s were healthier despite having higher body fat.
Correct:The fact that people consumed more calories from fat in 1960 and still had less obesity and and type 2 diabetes compared to now when the consumption of fat is less.
C. there is no correlation between fat consumption and such health risks as obesity and diabetes.
There is a relation but to what extent depends on other factors too
D. processed food is less likely to be healthful than fish is.
Not mentioned
E. popular misconceptions play a decreasing role in public attitudes about fat.
not mentioned

2. The author mentions statistics from the 1960s in order to

A. demonstrate a trend toward the consumption of healthier fats.
not mentioned
B. illustrate the cultural differences between the 1960s and today.
Doesn't talk about cultural differences
C. assert a connection between popular trends and fat consumption.
Not mentioned
D. underscore a widely held belief about past fat consumption in this country.
Not mentioned
E. support the argument that fat consumption is not inherently unhealthy.
Correct: as the passage does mention that there are few fats which are healthy like triglycerides and omega-3 fatty acids when taken in right amount.

3. According to the passage, high density lipoproteins (HDLs) are good for health because they

A. are a type of Trans fat.
No its a choleterol
B. occur naturally in the human body.
not mentioned
C. clean cholesterol from arteries.
Correct"high density lipoproteins (HDLs) scrub clogging cholesterol from artery walls. "
D. move easily through the body.
not mentioned
E. reduce the incidence of obesity and diabetes.
no such connection mentioned

akash2703 · Answer

Quick Notes -
 
 Para1 
Role of lipid (Measurement of fat and cholesterol in blood) is not clear. It was seen in the past that people consumed more fat but had less type 2 diabetes and had less obese problems.
How to explain this paradox?
 Para2 
1. It's not the amount of fat but the Type of food one consumes.
Bad Type :- Saturated and Trans fats
Good Type :- triglycerides, omega 3, and HDLs for cholesterol.

Para3 - Author concludes  - Anything in excess is potentially harmful.

1. It can be inferred from this passage that

IMO B 
A. a healthy diet  should  consist primarily of HDLs and triglycerides.
 Too narrow to say that it should be present. Nothing mentioned in the passage. 
B. people in the 1960s were healthier despite having higher body fat.
Straight from the passage -  But in the 1960s, only 13 percent of the population was obese, with less than 1 percent having type 2 diabetes.     
C. there is no correlation between fat consumption and such health risks as obesity and diabetes.
 Opposite. Author has cited the examples of Obese and diabetes to establish a relationship with fat consumption.  
D. processed food is less likely to be healthful than fish is.
   
E. popular misconceptions play a decreasing role in public attitudes about fat.

2. The author mentions statistics from the 1960s in order to

IMO E 
A. demonstrate a trend toward the consumption of healthier fats.
   
B. illustrate the  cultural differences  between the 1960s and today.
   
C. assert a connection between popular trends and fat consumption.
   
D. underscore a widely held belief about past fat consumption in this country.
   
E. support the argument that fat consumption is not inherently unhealthy.

3. According to the passage, high density lipoproteins (HDLs) are good for health because they

IMO C 
A. are a type of Trans fat.    
B. occur naturally in the human body.    
C. clean cholesterol from arteries.
  For example, high density lipoproteins (HDLs) scrub clogging cholesterol from artery walls ] 
D. move easily through the body.    
E. reduce the incidence of obesity and diabetes.

Pankaj0901 · Answer

Answer:
1. C
2. E
3. C

Haridas800 · Answer

1. It can be inferred from this passage that
Ans: A. a healthy diet should consist primarily of HDLs and triglycerides. --> triglycerides, which are a natural form of fat and oils, move easily through the bloodstream and are essential to life

B. people in the 1960s were healthier despite having higher body fat.--> this one is good but when compared to today's they are low . 
C. there is no correlation between fat consumption and such health risks as obesity and diabetes. this is NR
D. processed food is less likely to be healthful than fish is. --> NR
E. popular misconceptions play a decreasing role in public attitudes about fat. -->this looks good but we cant infer this even.

2.B. illustrate the cultural differences between the 1960s and today.--> it gives from first para

A. demonstrate a trend toward the consumption of healthier fats.-->they discussed todays healthier fats but not 1960's
C. assert a connection between popular trends and fat consumption.->NR
D. underscore a widely held belief about past fat consumption in this country.->No
E. support the argument that fat consumption is not inherently unhealthy.->

3.C. clean cholesterol from arteries.--> high density lipoproteins (HDLs) scrub clogging cholesterol from artery walls.

A. are a type of Trans fat. --> yes but all trans fat may be good or maynot be good to health.
B. occur naturally in the human body. -> NO
D. move easily through the body.-> May be but not
E. reduce the incidence of obesity and diabetes.--> NR

Sajjad1994 · Answer

Hello everyone!

OAs of this passage are posted

Excellent work by

800gal 
 c93liu 
 Gaudapada 
 ShellyB

None of the questions is tough here and question #3 is very easy, if anyone has question #3 three wrong he/she needs to work hard in their RC prep.

Thank you

kadamhari825 · Answer

hey  Sajjad1994

For question 2 i chose option c. My reasoning was  in first para author states peoples misconception about fat changed their consumption of fats. so is't it saying there is connection of misconception and subsequent changes in fat intake?

can you Please enlighten where i went wrong?

Thank you

Sajjad1994 · Answer

There is no misconception at all regarding the consumption of fat. Below are the statistics provided by the author in the passage.

In the 1960s, Americans obtained 45 percent of their calories from fats and oils; today, we get approximately 33 percent of our calories from these sources. But in the 1960s, only 13 percent of the population was obese, with less than 1 percent having type 2 diabetes. Today those figures are 34 percent and 8 percent, respectively.

It clearly says that in 1960 people were consuming more fat but still there was only 13 percent population obese. It means fat consumption is not inherently unhealthy.

The role that lipids, commonly known as "fats," play in diet and healt

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GMAT Reading Comprehension (RC) Questions

The role that lipids, commonly known as "fats," play in diet and healt

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