Critical Reasoning Butler: April 2025 |
April 10 | CR 1 | CR 2 |
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CR 1 Dolphins can swim at high speeds and achieve high acceleration in the water. In 1936, Sir James Gray calculated the force dolphins should be able to exert based on their physiology.
He concluded that the propulsive force they were able to exert was not enough to explain how fast they swim and accelerate. In the 2000s, experimenters used special computer-enhanced measurements of the water in which dolphins were swimming. Through mathematical modeling, they were able to measure the force dolphins exert with their tails. As it turns out, dolphins exert considerably more force with their tails than Sir James Gray or anybody else ever expected.
Therefore, the force exerted by their tails easily explains how fast they swim and accelerate.In the argument, the two portions in boldface play which of the following roles?
(A) This first is a piece of evidence supporting the main conclusion; the second is the main conclusion.
(B) The first is a false conclusion based on an incorrect premise; the second is the revised conclusion drawn from the corrected premise.
(C) The first is an opinion the author seeks to refute; the second is the opinion the author supports.
(D) The first is a prediction that, if accurate, would provide support for the main conclusion of the argument; the second is the main conclusion.
(E) The first is a generally held assumption; the second is a conclusion that violates that assumption.
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CR 2 Employees who spend long hours typing on a computer keyboard often develop Carpel Tunnel Syndrome (CTS), an inflammation of the wrist tendons. A study of the effectiveness of various common treatment methods found that acupuncture has no more beneficial effect than has no treatment at all.
Which of the following statements, if true, would most weaken the results of this above study?
(A) Specially designed wrist strengthening exercises have been shown to be more effective than acupuncture for long-term treatment of CTS.
(B) The number of acupuncturists offering relief for CTS has increased in the past year.
(C) The health plans preferred by the vast majority of companies have begun addressing the CTS issue by offering acupuncture to the list of treatments fully covered by insurance.
(D) New advances in keyboard design should reduce the incident rate of CTS
(E) While undergoing acupuncture treatment, CTS sufferers have reported they can type comfortably for a greater number of hours than before they began treatment.