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The text gives a proposed definition of "ship." For #1, we need to find something that FITS the definition but is NOT a ship. For #2, we need something that DOES NOT fit the definition, but IS a ship.

Looking at #1, most of the listed items clearly ARE ships, so we don't need to consider them. What's not a ship? Either a canoe (it's a small boat, not a ship) or an airplane. Now, which of these is included by the definition? A canoe fits--it's a human made, wooden floating device designed to carry people on the water. The purpose could be any of those listed; for instance, you can travel by canoe for pleasure. An airplane comes close--they CAN sometimes float--but an airplane is not specifically designed for water transportation. CANOES is the answer.

For #2, we need something that IS a ship, so we need to look at the other 3 items: battleships, cruise ships, and oil tankers. They're all big metal devices for carrying people and things, so what's the difference? The purpose should be convenience, pleasure, or commerce. That leaves out the ones that are designed for war! BATTLESHIPS is the answer.­
Hi Dmitry,
I am being a bit pedantic: does the GMAT expect one to know the meaning and purpose of canoe and battleship? Or even oil tankers? Because the first image that came to my mind when going through oil tanker was a large truck that carries oil.
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We don't need any specific expertise in the details of different kind of ships. But we can be expected to recognize and correctly apply commonly-used words. I think it's fair for them to expect us to know that a canoe is a small boat, a battleship is a larger military ship, and an oil tanker is a ship that carries oil (although I understand your confusion on that one!). We don't need to know anything more about what exactly makes something a canoe or battleship or tanker.
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DmitryFarber
The text gives a proposed definition of "ship." For #1, we need to find something that FITS the definition but is NOT a ship. For #2, we need something that DOES NOT fit the definition, but IS a ship.

Looking at #1, most of the listed items clearly ARE ships, so we don't need to consider them. What's not a ship? Either a canoe (it's a small boat, not a ship) or an airplane. Now, which of these is included by the definition? A canoe fits--it's a human made, wooden floating device designed to carry people on the water. The purpose could be any of those listed; for instance, you can travel by canoe for pleasure. An airplane comes close--they CAN sometimes float--but an airplane is not specifically designed for water transportation. CANOES is the answer.

For #2, we need something that IS a ship, so we need to look at the other 3 items: battleships, cruise ships, and oil tankers. They're all big metal devices for carrying people and things, so what's the difference? The purpose should be convenience, pleasure, or commerce. That leaves out the ones that are designed for war! BATTLESHIPS is the answer.­
Hi Dmitry,
I am being a bit pedantic: does the GMAT expect one to know the meaning and purpose of canoe and battleship? Or even oil tankers? Because the first image that came to my mind when going through oil tanker was a large truck that carries oil.
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Shakira876
Proposed definition of the word ship far use in a legal document: All and only the following are to be classified as ships: human-made floating devices constructed of wood, metal, or other rigid, solid material, and designed for the transport of persons and/or goods or commodities for the purposes of convenience, pleasure, or commerce on waterways including, but not limited to, oceans, seas, and canals.

The proposed definition fails to capture the standard concept of a ship in that it allows for the inclusion of some things that are not ordinarily thought of as ships, for example, 1 and excludes some things that are ordinarily thought of as ships, for example, 2

In the table, select the word or phrase for Blank #1 and the word or phrase for Blank #2 that, if inserted into those blanks, would produce the most accurate and logically correct statement. Make only two selections, one in each column.


­


Focus on the given definition and the question can be done quickly.

ALL and ONLY the following are to be classified as ships: human-made floating devices constructed of wood, metal, or other rigid, solid material, and designed for the transport of persons and/or goods or commodities for the purposes of convenience, pleasure, or commerce on waterways including, but not limited to, oceans, seas, and canals.


Battleships - Battleships are "ships" used for battle. The purpose of battle is not included in the definition. Hence the definition excludes battleships though they are ships. The definition improperly excludes battleships.
Select for blank 2.

Cruiseships - We think of them as ships and they are rightly included in the definition (purpose pleasure, made of solid materials, transport people on waterways)

Canoes - Canoes are not thought of as ships but as per the definition given, they would be included. They are human-made floating devices made of solid materials used for the purposes given on waterways.
The definition improperly includes canoes.
Select for blank 1

Oil Tankers - Ships designed for transport of oil i.e. commerce. They are considered to be ships and are included in the definition.

Airplanes - Are not ships as per the definition and we don't think of them as ships either.
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