Research article: Among retail managers, the standard view is that financial incentives for their salespeople, such as providing a small percentage of each sale as remuneration (commission), have the positive effect of increasing sales and the negative effect of increasing unethical selling behavior (for example, exaggerating features of the product, or allowing bad credit risks). Our recent study, however, suggests that the standard view is mistaken. We found that salespeople in a single multinational corporation, with locations in five countries, showed no significant correlation between being offered commission and unethical selling behavior.
Select for Negative result the result that, according to the standard view, is identified as a negative result of providing financial incentives for sales, and select for Positive result the result that, according to the standard view, is identified as a positive result of providing financial incentives for sales. Make only two selections, one in each column.
The question is about "the standard view." So, the relevant information for answering the question is provided by the following sentence:
Among retail managers, the standard view is that financial incentives for their salespeople, such as providing a small percentage of each sale as remuneration (commission), have the positive effect of increasing sales and the negative effect of increasing unethical selling behavior (for example, exaggerating features of the product, or allowing bad credit risks).
Having located the relevant information, we can now go through the answer choices.
Increasing retention of sales staff
It's plausible that a postive effect of providing financial incentives for sales is increased retention of sales staff.
At the same time, the passage says nothing about "retention" of staff. So, even though it's plausible that increased retention of staff is a positive effect of providing financial incentives for sales, this choice is not correct.
Eliminate.
Increasing unethical selling behavior
Scanning the portion of the passage about "the standard view," we see that it says the following:
the standard view is that financial incentives for their salespeople ... have ... the negative effect of increasing unethical selling behavior
So, according to the standard view, a negative effect, or result, of providing financial incentives for sales is "increasing unethical selling behavior."
Select for Negative result.
Increasing sales
Scanning the portion of the passage about "the standard view," we see that it says the following:
the standard view is that financial incentives for their salespeople ... have the positive effect of increasing sales
So, according to the standard view, a positive effect, or result, of providing financial incentives for sales is "increasing sales."
Select for Positive result.
Decreasing retention of sales staff
The passage mentions nothing about retention of staff.
Eliminate.
Decreasing unethical selling behavior
Scanning the portion of the passage about "the standard view," we see that it says the following:
the standard view is that financial incentives for their salespeople ... have ... the negative effect of increasing unethical selling behavior
So, according to the standard view, a result of providing financial incentives for sales is increasing, rather than decreasing, unethical selling behavior.
So, this choice says the opposite of what's true according to the standard view.
Eliminate.
Decreasing sales
Scanning the portion of the passage about "the standard view," we see that it says the following:
the standard view is that financial incentives for their salespeople ... have the positive effect of increasing sales
So, according to the standard view, a result of providing financial incentives for sales is increasing, rather than decreasing, sales.
So, this choice says the opposite of what's true according to the standard view.
Eliminate.
Correct answer: Increasing unethical selling behavior, Increasing sales