Results of a United States study published in the Annals of Internal

Question

Results of a United States study published in the Annals of Internal Medicine have shown  college-educated women and women living in the South and West to be significantly more likely to be using supplemental hormones as women living  in the Northeast and Midwest.

(A) college-educated women and women living in the South and West to be significantly more likely to be using supplemental hormones as women living

(B) college-educated women and women living in the South and West as significantly more likely to use supplemental hormones than if they are living

(C) college-educated women and those living in the South and West being significantly more likely to use supplemental hormones than if they lived

(D) that college-educated women and women who live in the South and West are significantly more likely to be using supplemental hormones as were women that lived

(E) that college-educated women and women living in the South and West are significantly more likely to use supplemental hormones than women living

(D) that college-educated women and women who live in the South and West are significantly  more likely to be using  supplemental hormones  as  were women that lived
(E) that college-educated women and women living in the South and West are significantly more likely to use supplemental hormones than women living

"results have shown  that " is necessary, we can eliminate A B C.
If we continue to read the choices left we'll notice some errors in D:"more likely to be using" VS "more likely to use"(more clear) and "more (...) as" VS "more (...) than" (the correct idom). E is the correct answer

pqhai · Accepted Answer

All explanations above are correct. "  that  "  is necessary for report question  (show that, demonstrate that, indicate that, report that.....). You cannot ignore "that". 
Narrow down to D, E.
E is perfectly structured: Results..... have  shown that    X are more likely to use S-hormones than Y

Hope it helps.

daagh · Answer

Considering that you need a ‘that’ to introduce the subordinate clause in reported speeches and that you need the comparator ‘ than’ in comparative degree of comparison, only E befits the right choice.

sdas · Answer

IMO E
Reported speech use of "that" is useful
Between D and E - D has errors of "to be using" and "as"

blueseas · Answer

Results of a United States study published in the Annals of Internal Medicine have shown  college-educated women and women living in the South and West to be significantly more likely to be using supplemental hormones as women living  in the Northeast and Midwest.

(A) college-educated women and women living in the South and West to be significantly more likely to be using supplemental hormones as women living
(B) college-educated women and women living in the South and West as significantly more likely to use supplemental hormones than if they are living
(C) college-educated women and those living in the South and West being significantly more likely to use supplemental hormones than if they lived
(D) that college-educated women and women who live in the South and West are significantly more likely to be using supplemental hormones as were women that lived
(E) that college-educated women and women living in the South and West are significantly more likely to use supplemental hormones than women living

In the absence of THAT after "Results of a United States study published in the Annals of Internal Medicine have shown".....makes the meaning of sentence as:
Results have shown......college educated women and women living......but the intended meaning is that RESULTS are concluding that college educated women and women of south and west 
are  more  likely to use supplemental hormones  than 
women of......

so as per the meaning USE OF "THAT" is must and on the basis of this we can eliminate A,B,C

now we have D and E

(D) that college-educated women and women who live in the South and West are significantly more likely to be using supplemental hormones  as  were women  that lived  ...(in this i can see 2 error on the basis of which we can eliminate this choice
 ----> correct idiomatic use is more....than and not more .....as
 ----> comparison is wrong as second half of sentence is in past tense...."that lived".....which is wrong.
(E) that college-educated women and women living in the South and West are significantly more likely to use supplemental hormones than women living

hope it helps

suggest if i am wrong.

SKM

PrakharGMAT · Answer

Hi  daagh ,

I opted for correct option, but want to discuss the concept of using "THAT"

Can you please explain here "THAT" is mandate.

Please have a look on this GMATPREP question in which  THAT  is not used-

Scientists   have found signs   that moving water changed the chemical makeup of the surface of Mars in recent
eras and have therefore concluded that the planet's crust harbors up to three times as much water as previously
thought.

This is correct sentence.

Please explain

chetan2u · Answer

hi,
here there is a requirement of THAT as shown graduates stresses on showing gradustes, 
But the meaning clearly lays stress on entire clause..
On your GMATPREP example, I have already explained in the same query on a different thread..

martinjudge91 · Answer

hello everyone, anyone able to provide me a link to furhter in-depth discussion of reported speech and/or the use of "that" on the GMAT? I would bee deeply grateful

regards

torto · Answer

A,B,C are out beacuse of the absence of 'THAT' eg: shown that, suggested that

In d, usage of 'as' indicates same as --> distorts the actual meaning. we should be comparing both the clauses
hance, e is correct

crrect me if im wrong!

Skywalker18 · Answer

Results of a United States study published in the Annals of Internal Medicine have shown  college-educated women and women living in the South and West to be significantly more likely to be using supplemental hormones as women living  in the Northeast and Midwest.

(A) college-educated women and women living in the South and West to be significantly more likely to be using supplemental hormones as women living - absence of that 
(B) college-educated women and women living in the South and West as significantly more likely to use supplemental hormones than if they are living - absence of that 
(C) college-educated women and those living in the South and West being significantly more likely to use supplemental hormones than if they lived - absence of that 
(D) that college-educated women and women who live in the South and West are significantly more likely to be using supplemental hormones as were women that lived - idiom issue - more likely as is incorrect
(E) that college-educated women and women living in the South and West are significantly more likely to use supplemental hormones than women living - Correct

Answer E

svasan05 · Answer

Results of a United States study published in the Annals of Internal Medicine have shown  college-educated women and women living in the South and West to be significantly more likely to be using supplemental hormones as women  living in the Northeast and Midwest.

(A) college-educated women and women living in the South and West to be significantly more likely to be using supplemental hormones as women living  The sentence is using "as" to compare X women to Y women. The correct usage is "than". Also, need "that" to show reported speech - ie; "Reports have shown....that...."). Eliminate.

(B) college-educated women and women living in the South and West as significantly more likely to use supplemental hormones than if they are living  "if" is a condition marker ("if X then Y") and there is no conditional event in the sentence. Also, "that" is missing as in (A). Eliminate.

(C) college-educated women and those living in the South and West being significantly more likely to use supplemental hormones than if they lived  Same errors as (B). Eliminate.

(D) that college-educated women and women who live in the South and West are significantly more likely to be using supplemental hormones as were women that lived  Same error as in (A). Eliminate.

(E) that college-educated women and women living in the South and West are significantly more likely to use supplemental hormones than women living  Correct answer.

Hope this helps.

VerbalBot · Answer

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Results of a United States study published in the Annals of Internal

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