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705-805 (Hard)|   Bold Face CR|                                       
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Hi,

I chose E and below is my reasoning:
Main Conclusion: "Such reasoning might well be overoptimistic"
(note that MC is the author's or the passage's conclusion unless otherwise stated)

1st sentence: present a fact that "several bank's top executives have been buying shares ..., relieve the bank's depositors. 1st BF is a Cause, for some effects that the author thinks it's a reversed cause and effect.

2nd sentence: further breakdown of the cause and effect in 1st sentence.

3rd sentence: Main conclusion, and explanation for the main conclusion that the above cause and effect is actually a reversed cause and effect. Meaning the effect is actually the cause (top exec bought shares to defer the rumors)

Answer choice:
(a) The first describes evidence that has been taken as supporting a conclusion; the second gives a reason for questioning that support.
=> the "conclusion" in A is the conclusion of the depositors, not of the passage nor of the authors.

(e) The first describes the circumstance that the argument as a whole seeks to explain; the second provides evidence in support of the explanation that the argument seeks to establish.
=> follow the right logic of the passage. The first sentence provides a fact, a going on event that the author later seeks to explain, and the second provides evidence as reasoning as a base for the main conclusion "Such reasoning might well be overoptimistic"

Also, if answer (A) is correct, then I am extremely confused for the so called "conclusion" in GMAT passages as it did not explicitly stated "the depositor's conclusion" in answer A for it to stand correct.
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Hi,

I chose E and below is my reasoning:

Main Conclusion: "Such reasoning might well be overoptimistic"

(note that MC is the author's or the passage's conclusion unless otherwise stated)

1st sentence: present a fact that "several bank's top executives have been buying shares ..., relieve the bank's depositors. 1st BF is a Cause, for some effects that the author thinks it's a reversed cause and effect.

2nd sentence: further breakdown of the cause and effect in 1st sentence.

3rd sentence: Main conclusion, and explanation for the main conclusion that the above cause and effect is actually a reversed cause and effect. Meaning the effect is actually the cause (top exec bought shares to defer the rumors)

Answer choice:

(a) The first describes evidence that has been taken as supporting a conclusion; the second gives a reason for questioning that support.

=> the "conclusion" in A is the conclusion of the depositors, not of the passage nor of the authors.

(e) The first describes the circumstance that the argument as a whole seeks to explain; the second provides evidence in support of the explanation that the argument seeks to establish.

=> follow the right logic of the passage. The first sentence provides a fact, a going on event that the author later seeks to explain, and the second provides evidence as reasoning as a base for the main conclusion "Such reasoning might well be overoptimistic"

Also, if answer (A) is correct, then I am extremely confused for the so called "conclusion" in GMAT passages as it did not explicitly stated "the depositor's conclusion" in answer A for it to stand correct.
(A) is tricky, but notice that it says, "supporting a conclusion" and not, for example, "supporting the main conclusion of the passage".

Plenty of BF answer choices reference multiple conclusions within a single argument -- something like "the first is evidence that supports a conclusion that is not the main conclusion of the passage; the second is the main conclusion of the passage".

So in that respect choice (A) isn't really an anomaly, and it's fine that it refers to the conclusion of the depositors and not the conclusion of the author.

For more on (A) vs (E), check out these two posts:

  1. https://gmatclub.com/forum/since-it-has ... l#p2037315
  2. https://gmatclub.com/forum/since-it-has ... l#p3414816
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Here's what makes this Boldface question challenging: the depositors draw a conclusion based on executives buying shares, and the author says "such reasoning might be overoptimistic."

Students read "reasoning might be overoptimistic" and think the author is trying to EXPLAIN why executives bought shares. That's why Choices D and E feel correct. But the author isn't explaining the circumstance at all. The author is questioning whether the depositors' INTERPRETATION of that circumstance is sound.

This distinction between "explaining a circumstance" versus "challenging an interpretation" is what separates the correct answer from the traps.

We broke down the exact logical structure in this video solution, including why understanding what the main conclusion conveys matters more than just identifying it. The video will also help you update your error log for this question:
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Since it has become known that several of a bank's top executives have been buying shares in their own bank, the bank's depositors, who had been worried by rumors that the bank faced impending financial collapse, have been greatly relieved. They reason that, since top executives evidently have faith in the bank's financial soundness, those worrisome rumors must be false. Such reasoning might well be overoptimistic, however, since corporate executives have been known to buy shares in their own company in a calculated attempt to dispel negative rumors about the company's health.

In the argument given, the two boldfaced portions play which of the following roles?


(A) The first describes evidence that has been taken as supporting a conclusion; the second gives a reason for questioning that support.

(B) The first describes evidence that has been taken as supporting a conclusion; the second states a contrary conclusion that is the main conclusion of the argument.

(C) The first provides evidence in support of the main conclusion of the argument; the second states that conclusion.

(D) The first describes the circumstance that the argument as a whole seeks to explain; the second gives the explanation that the argument seeks to establish.

(E) The first describes the circumstance that the argument as a whole seeks to explain; the second provides evidence in support of the explanation that the argument seeks to establish.


Similar question: LINK
(A) The first describes evidence that has been taken as supporting a conclusion; the second gives a reason for questioning that support.
Yes, first is taken as evidence to support a conclusion (those worrisome rumors must be false) 2ne part indeed gives a reason for questioning that support (an alternative/possible reason to question). Keep.

(B) The first describes evidence that has been taken as supporting a conclusion; the second states a contrary conclusion that is the main conclusion of the argument.
2nd is not the main conclusion, eliminate.

(C) The first provides evidence in support of the main conclusion of the argument; the second states that conclusion.
2nd is not the main conclusion, eliminate.

(D) The first describes the circumstance that the argument as a whole seeks to explain; the second gives the explanation that the argument seeks to establish.
First part seems ok, but second part is incorrect not giving explanation that argument seeks to establish, author is mentioning a reason to doubt depositor's conclusion,

(E) The first describes the circumstance that the argument as a whole seeks to explain; the second provides evidence in support of the explanation that the argument seeks to establish.
Again second part is incorrect.
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