Official Explanation
Statement 1: Canada. This problem asks for the country with the highest standard deviation for the given period (1960 to 2008). Standard deviation is a measure of the overall distance of the set from the mean value, or the “spread” of the numbers in the set.
Compare the four data sets. All four start at approximately the same level, but the Netherlands and Switzerland do not increase appreciably over the given timeframe, while the other two countries do. Those first two countries, then, do not have the largest spread from their mean value.
Next, Sweden and Canada start out at the same value of zero and then both grow in similar ways over the years. However, Canada is consistently higher than Sweden. In other words, the overall spread of the set of values for Canada is larger (from 0 to approximately 25, with a peak at approximately 28, while Sweden goes from 0 to approximately 17 with a peak at approximately 20.)
The Canadian data set, then, has a wider range than Sweden’s data set. Canada, therefore, has the larger standard deviation.
Statement 2: 1,500. To solve this problem, find the ratio of the values for the two countries and then multiply by 100 to turn that ratio into a percent. This is given by:
Percent = (Sweden in 2000)/(Netherlands in 2000) × 100
Find the approximate values of production for the Netherlands and Sweden in 2000. The Netherlands produced approximately 1 million toe of nuclear energy in 2000 and Sweden produced approximately 15 million toe of total nuclear energy in the same year. Plug these values into the formula above:
Percent = (15 million)/(1 million) × 100 = 15 × 100 = 1,500
Note: The answer 15 is a trap. If the question had asked something along the lines of “Sweden’s total nuclear power production is approximately _____ times the total nuclear power production of the Netherlands,” then 15 would have been the answer. Sweden’s production is 15 times, or 1,500 percent of, the Netherlands’ production.