The largest volcano on Mars rises 26 Kilometers above the surrounding

Question

The largest volcano on Mars rises 26 Kilometers above the surrounding plain and covers an area roughly the size of Romania. Even if the Earth’s gravity were as low as the gravity of Mars, no volcano of such size could exist on Earth, for the Earth’s crust, although of essentially the same composition as that of the Mars, is too thin to support even a small fraction of that mass and would buckle under it, causing the mountain to sink.

If the statements above are true, which of following must also be true on the basis of them?

(A) The surface of Mars is less subject to forces of erosion than is the surface of the Earth.

(B) The highest volcanoes on Mars occur where its crust is thickest.

(C) On average, volcanoes on Mars are higher than those on Earth.

(D) The crust of Mars, at least at certain points on the planet, is thicker than the crust of the Earth.

(E) At least some of Earth’s volcanoes would be larger than they actually are if the Earth’s crust were thicker than it is.

fiftyoneverbal · Accepted Answer

This argument proceeds by saying that:

Premise 1: The largest volcano on mars rises 26 kilometres...

Premise 2: the Earth’s crust, although of essentially the same composition as that of Mars, is too thin to support even a small fraction of that mass

Conclusion: No volcano of such size could exist on Earth

Okay, so if Earth can't handle a volcano as big as the largest volcano on Mars, and practically the only reason it can't is because Earth's crust is too thin (remember--it's not the composition because that is the same between the two, and it's not gravity, because the question says as much), then to handle the largest volcano, Mars needs to have a crust (at least at that point) that is thicker than the crust of the earth. Otherwise Mars, too, wouldn't be able to handle the volcano.

(d) says this, and is the right answer. No other answer can be shown to be true on the basis of the question alone.

exc4libur · Answer

argument
=if gravity in mars was like earth
=earth would still not be able to support
=volcanoes like those in mars
=bc e's crust is too thin

infer
ans (D) safe to assume that since such v's in mars would sink under e's crust, then m's crust must be at least thicker!

globaldesi · Answer

The largest volcano on Mars rises 26 Kilometers above the surrounding plain and covers an area roughly the size of Romania. Even if the Earth’s gravity were as low as the gravity of Mars, no volcano of such size could exist on Earth, for the Earth’s crust, although of essentially the same composition as that of the Mars, is too thin to support even a small fraction of that mass and would buckle under it, causing the mountain to sink.

IMO D  because

(D) The crust of Mars, at least at certain points on the planet, is thicker than the crust of the Earth.

this is supported in the last line that 
 Earth’s crust is too thin to support even a small fraction of that mass which means that Mars crust is thicker to support( at least ) at that part to support a mountain of that size

jaisonsunny77 · Answer

The passage tells us that earth cannot support such a large mountain because its crust is too thin.
But in Mars, this massive mountain easily exists.

So, what is that deciding factor that allows Mars to support such a massive volcano?

The only description of the earth's surface (as provided in the passage) is the thickness of its surface. So, this is the variable (the thickness of the surface) that should help us explain why Mars is able to support this massive volcano.

Only (D) talks about the surface thickness of Mars (specifically, D mentions that at least some of Mars' surface, if not all, is certainly thicker than the earth's surface). Hence,  (D) is the right answer.

funkyakki · Answer

Can anyone explain what's wrong with option E

Adelajne · Answer

(E)  At least some  of Earth’s volcanoes would be  larger  than they actually are if the Earth’s crust were  thicker  than it is.

We don't know if this is the ONLY condition that the larger volcanoes could happen, maybe the mass would still sink the mountain even with such thickness (is thicker but not thick enough)

systemsav · Answer

E ) At least some of Earth’s volcanoes would be larger than they actually are if the Earth’s crust were thicker than it is.

There are 2 conditions for volcanoes to be larger on Earth:
1. Earth's gravity would have to be as low as Mars
2. Earth's crust has to be as thick as or thicker than Mars
Condition 1 is not satisfied and only half of condition 2 is satisfied without a comparison. The other half of point 2 is,  thicker  is insufficient and doesn't have an end comparison. How thick is the question.

E  does seem the most attractive but has a trap.  D  is the most certain option.

ravigupta2912 · Answer

(A) The surface of Mars is less subject to forces of erosion than is the surface of the Earth. -- Not borne out by the passage. Eliminate. The passage talks about "gravity" and "forces" of erosion could include elements other than "gravity" alone.

(B) The highest volcanoes on Mars occur where its crust is thickest. -- Not borne out by the passage. The passage only says that "thin" crust is the reason why Earth does not have that big volcanoes. This is too extreme an inference.

(C) On average, volcanoes on Mars are higher than those on Earth. -- Again, we do not know and this is an extreme inference. The passage only talks about a specific volcano.

(D) The crust of Mars, at least at certain points on the planet, is thicker than the crust of the Earth. -- This can be reasonably inferred from the passage. Since "thin" crust of earth is the reason for not supporting such volcanoes (assuming similar levels of gravity), then it is obvious that atleast at the spot of that 26km tall volcano, the crust would be "thicker" than the crust of earth.

(E) At least some of Earth’s volcanoes would be larger than they actually are if the Earth’s crust were thicker than it is.

We don't know if this is the ONLY condition that the larger volcanoes could happen, maybe the mass would still sink the mountain even with such thickness (is thicker but not thick enough)

vasu1104 · Answer

largest volcano on mars rises 26 km above the surrounding plain and covers an area roughly the size of romania.
earths crust has same composition as that of mars. this crust is too thin to support even a small fraction of that mass and it would buckle under it, causing mountain to sink.

conclusion= no volcano of such size could exist in earth.

(A) The surface of Mars is less subject to forces of erosion than is the surface of the Earth.
this is wrong comparison here between forces of erosion. out.

(B) The highest volcanoes on Mars occur where its crust is thickest.
we know mars crust is thicker than earth. but we cant say that highest volcanoes could have happened at other thicker part. reject.

(C) On average, volcanoes on Mars are higher than those on Earth.
not comparing the magnitude of volcanoes here. out.

(D) The crust of Mars, at least at certain points on the planet, is thicker than the crust of the Earth.
yes. we know that the gravity is same for both. but due to thin crust it was not possible for earth to have such volcanoes. so that means crust of mars is thicker in some point on planet than crust of earth.

(E) At least some of Earth’s volcanoes would be larger than they actually are if the Earth’s crust were thicker than it is.
we cant say this definitely. the only thing we know is that thin crust of earth would have buckled under fraction of mass. but that doesnt mean thick crust could have survived that and volcanoes would have appeared. so out.

option D

vasu1104 · Answer

largest volcano on mars rises 26 km above the surrounding plain and covers an area roughly the size of romania.
earths crust has same composition as that of mars. this crust is too thin to support even a small fraction of that mass and it would buckle under it, causing mountain to sink.

conclusion= no volcano of such size could exist in earth.

(A) The surface of Mars is less subject to forces of erosion than is the surface of the Earth.
this is wrong comparison here between forces of erosion. out.

(B) The highest volcanoes on Mars occur where its crust is thickest.
we know mars crust is thicker than earth. but we cant say that highest volcanoes could have happened at other thicker part. reject.

(C) On average, volcanoes on Mars are higher than those on Earth.
not comparing the magnitude of volcanoes here. out.

(D) The crust of Mars, at least at certain points on the planet, is thicker than the crust of the Earth.
yes. we know that the gravity is same for both. but due to thin crust it was not possible for earth to have such volcanoes. so that means crust of mars is thicker in some point on planet than crust of earth.

(E) At least some of Earth’s volcanoes would be larger than they actually are if the Earth’s crust were thicker than it is.
we cant say this definitely. the only thing we know is that thin crust of earth would have buckled under fraction of mass. but that doesnt mean thick crust could have survived that and volcanoes would have appeared. so out.

option D

The largest volcano on Mars rises 26 Kilometers above the surrounding

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The largest volcano on Mars rises 26 Kilometers above the surrounding

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