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Sub 505 Level|   Arithmetic|                     
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Bunuel
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45...is this really a 600 level problem?
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R=176-0.8X; R-> Maximum recommended pulse rate and X-> Age

Substitute directly and solve:
0.8X=176-140 = 36
X=36/0.8
=> X = 45
(B) is the answer
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nutshell
R=176-0.8X; R-> Maximum recommended pulse rate and X-> Age

Substitute directly and solve:
0.8X=176-140 = 36
X=36/0.8
=> X = 45
(B) is the answer

Method I:

Given, R = 176 - 0.8x
Thus, equating R as 140 and solving we get

140 = 176 - 0.8x
or, 0.8x = 176 - 140
or, x = 360/8
or, x = 45

Method II:

In every 10 years, pulse rate, R decreases by 8.
Hence, R decreases by 36 (difference between 176 and 140), when x equals 10 times (36/8) or x= 45.

Answer: Option (B)
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The question is a straightforward Formulas problem.
We are initially given the formula i.e. the equation for Maximum Pulse Rate (R) in terms of age x. Further, we are supposed to find out the age for someone whose maximum pulse rate is 140.
So now, for the equation R=176 - 0.8x, we substitute R=140 and solve for x.
Hence, 140=176-0.8x
Therefore, 0.8x=36
Therefore, x=45.
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Plug in the given rate:

1) 140 = 176 - .8x

Simplify (move the negative value to the left):

2) .8x = (176-140)

To make calculations simpler, get rid of the decimal:

3) 8x = 360

Solve for x:

x = 45
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Bunuel

The maximum recommended pulse rate R, when exercising, for a person who is x years of age is given by the equation R= 176- 0.8x. What is the age, in years, of a person whose maximum recommended pulse rate when exercising is 140 ?

(A) 40
(B) 45
(C) 50
(D) 55
(E) 60

We are given that the maximum recommended pulse rate R, when exercising, for a person who is x years of age is given by the equation R = 176 - 0.8x.

We need to determine the age of a person whose maximum recommended pulse rate when exercising is 140.

140 = 176 - 0.8x

0.8x = 36

x = 36/0.8 = 45

Answer: B
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140 = 176 - 0.8x ----->0.8x = (176-140)------->8x = 360(multiply by 10 on each side) ------> x=45.
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Bunuel
The Official Guide For GMAT® Quantitative Review, 2ND Edition

The maximum recommended pulse rate R, when exercising, for a person who is x years of age is given by the equation R= 176- 0.8x. What is the age, in years, of a person whose maximum recommended pulse rate when exercising is 140 ?

(A) 40
(B) 45
(C) 50
(D) 55
(E) 60

Given: Max pulse rate = 176 - 0.8x

So, if Max pulse rate = 140, we get: 140 = 176 - 0.8x
Subtract 176 from both sides of the equation to get: -36 = -0.8x
Solve: x = -36/(-0.8) = 45

Answer: B

Cheers,
Brent
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Method1:
R = 176 - 0.8x
140 = 176-0.8x
0.8x = 36
8x =360
x=45

Method2:
Substitute answers one by one
176-0.8 * 45 = 140
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