Bunuel
The mean SAT score for a group of M students in Montana is 1400, while the mean SAT score for a group of V students in Virginia is 1650. When the scores of both groups are combined, the mean is 1600. What is the value of V/M?
A. 1/4
B. 112
C. 1
D. 2
E. 4
Solution:We can use the following fact:
If the overall average of the two groups of people, group A and group B, is m, group A has an average of a (where a < m) and group B has an average of b (where b > m), then the ratio of the number of people in group A to the number of people in group B is (b - m)/(m - a).
Using the fact above (by letting group V to be group B and group M to be group A), we have M/V = (1650 - 1600)/(1600 - 1400) = 50/200 = 1/4. Thus, V/M = 1/(M/V) = 1/(1/4) = 4.
Alternate Solution:We can use the fact that average = sum/number, or average x number = sum
The sum of the Montana scores is 1400M, and the sum of the Virginia scores is 1650V. The sum of the combined scores is 1600(M + V). We can equate the sums as follows:
1400M + 1650V = 1600(M + V)
1400M + 1650V = 1600M + 1600V
50V = 200M
V = 4M
V/M = 4
Answer: E