in english, we are forced to choose between viewing an event as in progress or as a complete whole. so, there are only 2 cases. if the event is in progress, progressive tense is used. it the event is not in progrese, non progressvive tense is used.
for state verb, present continuous shows that the state exists in a short time." I am thinking on this problem " mean I am only thinking about it now, for a short time
for action verb, such as "rise", present continuos show that the action happen during a period. we do not have a period now, so, we can not use "rising'. the temperature is rising when I talk with you. this is good because we have a period.
"by 54 millions" means, the rise is finished. so, we can not say the rise continues by using present continuous. the rise is finished and simple past is good.
so, two reason for not using present continuous. first, adverb "by 54 million" is not fit with meaning of happening of continuous present. second, there is no period to use present continuous.
verbs are classified into state/ durative or dynamic one. this classification is explained together with progressive and perfect tense because the nature of meaning of verb will decide which tense is fit with a specific verb. we should read verb classification and progressive and perfect tense together because doing so makes us understand both semantics nature of verb and progressive and perfect tense.
adverbial must fit with a specific verb. for each tense, only some specific adverbial can go with a certain verb.
before going to correct answer, we disuss about progressive a littile.
verbs can be categorized into state, punctual occurence, durative process without end point and durative process with end point
for state verb, progressive present a temporary phenomenon
I am thinking
this mean state of thinking is short and temparary.
for puntual occurence, progressive means iterative.
he is knocking at the door.
this means, he knock the door many times.
for durative verb without endpoint, progressive present the temporary phenomion the same as for state verb case.
for durative verbs with endpoint, progressive focus on the process before the end point
he is dying of aid.
past tense in english offers 2 interpretation, perfective and non perfective. this mean the situation can be finished or a habit not finished.
in our problem, past tense 'rose', shows that the action finishes and progressive show temperory unfinished action.
honestly, I want "had risen by 54usd" because past perfect show the finished action clearly