Synthetic polymers are man-made polymers colloquially referred to as “

1. The passage is primarily concerned with

(A) providing examples of real-world uses for various related substances
The passage does it. But it goes beyond.
(B) contrasting the chemical compositions of various substances
Contrasting? I do not feel it
(C) presenting a useful basis for classifying a set of related substances
It presents yes. We have a description of related substances. But a classification? Maybe yes. I'm not 100% sure. I keep if I can not find better.
(D) assessing the pros and cons of recycling various types of substances
Not at all. No debate.
(E) outlining the primary categories of a set of related substances and proposing uses for each category
I loved this one. But are those categories are primary ones? I do not think so.

1-->C

2. According to the passage, semi-crystalline thermoplastic polymers differ from thermoset polymers in which of the following ways?

(A) Semi-crystalline thermoplastic polymers melt at a specific temperature, whereas thermoset polymers soften gradually in response to heat.
Yes for the first part. The second part is not good as the text says: "they do not melt, even when subjected to high temperatures"
(B) Semi-crystalline thermoplastic polymers melt at a specific temperature, whereas thermoset polymers do not melt even when subjected to high temperatures.
Yes for the first part. Yes for the second one. We have a winner.
(C) Semi-crystalline thermoplastic polymers soften gradually in response to heat, whereas thermoset polymers melt at a specific temperature.
No for the first part.
(D) Semi-crystalline thermoplastic polymers soften gradually in response to heat, whereas thermoset polymers do not melt even when subjected to high temperatures.
No for the first part.
(E) Semi-crystalline thermoplastic polymers do not melt even when subjected to high temperatures, whereas thermoset polymers melt at a specific temperature.
No for the first part.

2-->B

3. The passage implies which of the following about the recycling of synthetic polymers?

(A) The molecular structure of a synthetic polymer at least partially determines whether the polymer can be recycled.
When a product melt -what I understand (maybe I am wrong)- it can more easily be recycled. And the molecular structure is a pivot point to understand the meting process. So I keep A.
(B) Semi-crystalline thermoplastic polymers can be recycled more easily than amorphous thermoplastic polymers can be.
We have no idea about this.
(C) Thermosets would be easier to recycle if manufacturers would choose less malleable starting materials.
Maybe, maybe not.
(D) Polymers are more difficult to recycle in general than are other substances.
Again. We have no idea about this.
(E) The “curing” process allows the final product to be more easily recycled in future.
I think this is the contrary.


3-->A

4. Which of the following plastic products best exemplifies an amorphous thermoplastic polymer as it is presented in the passage (Highlighted)?

(A) The caulking that seals ceramic tiles on an outdoor swimming pool
We look for something which breaks apart easily such as packing peanuts. No here.
(B) A stepladder that can bear a weight of up to 250 pounds
No
(C) A toy water gun that remains solid until it is heated to a precise temperature
Won't be nice for the kids.
(D) A sheet of insulation intended to withstand drastic temperatures
Not a good idea again to do this with this amorphous thermoplastic polymer
(E) A yogurt container that gradually melts when exposed to increasing temperatures
Yep. This is it. It gradually melts.

4-->E

1. Primary concern - Taking synthetic polymers into consideration and classifying 2 of it's types.

C presenting a useful basis for classifying a set of related substances
Here in the passage, it is classifying 2 different plastics - Thermosets and Thermoplastics

A providing examples of real-world uses for various related substances
Yes, it did provide the real-world uses of plastics, but it's not the primary concern of the passage

B contrasting the chemical compositions of various substances
This point summarizes the part of the passage i.e., para 3, not the whole passage.

D assessing the pros and cons of recycling various types of substances
The passage is not concerned on the pros and cons!

E outlining the primary categories of a set of related substances and proposing uses for each category
I felt this as a contender but in my opinion it's not summarizing the whole passage again.

So, IMO, the answer is C

2. Before answering this question, let's make few things clear

Thermosets :permanently set plastics; they do not melt, even when subjected to high temperatures.
Thermoplastics ->can be categorized as 2 different types; amorphous and semi-crystalline
Amorphous :soften gradually in response to heat
semi-crystalline :remain solid until a precise melting point.

So, keeping the above points in mind, let's eliminate the answer choices.
A Semi-crystalline thermoplastic polymers melt at a specific temperature, whereas thermoset polymers soften gradually in response to heat.
Clearly, it's wrong.

B Semi-crystalline thermoplastic polymers melt at a specific temperature, whereas thermoset polymers do not melt even when subjected to high temperatures.
Looks good:)

C Semi-crystalline thermoplastic polymers soften gradually in response to heat, whereas thermoset polymers melt at a specific temperature.
Semi-crystalline thermoplastic polymers donot soften gradually, these are amorphous.Hence, wrong.

D Semi-crystalline thermoplastic polymers soften gradually in response to heat, whereas thermoset polymers do not melt even when subjected to high temperatures.
Same mistake again as C. Wrong!

E Semi-crystalline thermoplastic polymers do not melt even when subjected to high temperatures, whereas thermoset polymers melt at a specific temperature.
thermoset polymers melt at a specific temperature. Wrong, they are tough!

So, IMO, the answer is B

3. (A) The molecular structure of a synthetic polymer at least partially determines whether the polymer can be recycled.
Yes, the molecular structure determines the recyclability of the polymer.

(B) Semi-crystalline thermoplastic polymers can be recycled more easily than amorphous thermoplastic polymers can be.
No, Semi-crystalline thermoplastics tend to be tougher than amorphous thermoplastic polymers, so later can be easily recycled.

(C) Thermosets would be easier to recycle if manufacturers would choose less malleable starting materials.
The line : circumstances in which the less malleable nature of the material is a distinct advantage, despite the inability to recycle at a later date.
So, I feel less malleable is making it harder for recycling, so C is wrong.

(D) Polymers are more difficult to recycle in general than are other substances.
No, not mentioned anywhere.

(E) The “curing” process allows the final product to be more easily recycled in future.
Thermoset polymers are chemically “cured,” involving the formation of chemical bonds and resulting in rigid three-dimensional molecular structures.
The above line says that curing process makes them strong -> tough recycling, So eliminate.

So, IMO, the answer is A.

4 Before answering this question, let's remember this point as given in the passage
amorphous thermoplastics are more common for products that break apart easily, such as packing peanuts.

(A) The caulking that seals ceramic tiles on an outdoor swimming pool
No, caulking is a sealant and it's clearly mentioned in the end of the para 1 that thermosets are used for this purpose.

(B) A stepladder that can bear a weight of up to 250 pounds
Stepladder can't break apart easily, so no!

(C) A toy water gun that remains solid until it is heated to a precise temperature
remains solid?! No, we are not interested in solids.

(D) A sheet of insulation intended to withstand drastic temperatures
insulation sheets are strong I think, so, no

(E) A yogurt container that gradually melts when exposed to increasing temperatures
Watch for the word 'gradually', while both amorphous and semi-crystalline thermoplastics melt when heated, amorphous does this gradually.
yes, this is it!

So, IMO, the answer is E

1. The passage is primarily concerned with

(A) providing examples of real-world uses for various related substances --> Incorrect. Passage basically is talking about Synthetic polymers. Its classification and examples for those classifications. Examples is just part of the passage.
(B) contrasting the chemical compositions of various substances --> Incorrect. There is no contrast.
(C) presenting a useful basis for classifying a set of related substances --> Incorrect. There is no useful basis defined.
(D) assessing the pros and cons of recycling various types of substances --> Incorrect. Pro and cons are not mentioned.
(E) outlining the primary categories of a set of related substances and proposing uses for each category --> Correct. Classification of synthetic polymers is done followed by their uses as an examples.

Question 2

2. According to the passage, semi-crystalline thermoplastic polymers differ from thermoset polymers in which of the following ways?

Following lines from passage provides clear answer to this question:
"thermosets are permanently set plastics; they do not melt, even when subjected to high temperatures".
"semi-crystalline thermoplastics remain solid until a precise melting point."

(A) Semi-crystalline thermoplastic polymers melt at a specific temperature, whereas thermoset polymers soften gradually in response to heat. --> Incorrect.
(B) Semi-crystalline thermoplastic polymers melt at a specific temperature, whereas thermoset polymers do not melt even when subjected to high temperatures. --> Correct.
(C) Semi-crystalline thermoplastic polymers soften gradually in response to heat, whereas thermoset polymers melt at a specific temperature. --> Incorrect.
(D) Semi-crystalline thermoplastic polymers soften gradually in response to heat, whereas thermoset polymers do not melt even when subjected to high temperatures. --> Incorrect.
(E) Semi-crystalline thermoplastic polymers do not melt even when subjected to high temperatures, whereas thermoset polymers melt at a specific temperature. --> Incorrect.

Question 3

3. The passage implies which of the following about the recycling of synthetic polymers?

(A) The molecular structure of a synthetic polymer at least partially determines whether the polymer can be recycled. --> Correct. Since molecular structure explains about the rigidity of the synthetic polymers, it can be implied that it determines to what they can be recycled.
(B) Semi-crystalline thermoplastic polymers can be recycled more easily than amorphous thermoplastic polymers can be. --> Incorrect. This is opposite of what can be implied.
(C) Thermosets would be easier to recycle if manufacturers would choose less malleable starting materials. --> Incorrect. Thermosets are set plastics which do not melt hence can't be recycled easily.
(D) Polymers are more difficult to recycle in general than are other substances. --> Incorrect. Passage is not talking about other substances.
(E) The “curing” process allows the final product to be more easily recycled in future. --> Incorrect. Passage talks about chemically curing to explain the molecular structure and doesn't tell if product can be easily recycled because of the process.

Question 4

4. Which of the following plastic products best exemplifies an amorphous thermoplastic polymer as it is presented in the passage (Highlighted)?

As per passage: amorphous thermoplastics are more common for products that break apart easily, such as packing peanuts.
So we are looking for an example which cannot sustain weight and can break easily.

(A) The caulking that seals ceramic tiles on an outdoor swimming pool --> Incorrect. Needs to sustain pressure and weight of water.
(B) A stepladder that can bear a weight of up to 250 pounds --> Incorrect. need to bear weight.
(C) A toy water gun that remains solid until it is heated to a precise temperature --> Incorrect. toy water gun shouldn't break
(D) A sheet of insulation intended to withstand drastic temperatures --> Incorrect. again insulation shouldn't wear off because of temperature fluctuations.
(E) A yogurt container that gradually melts when exposed to increasing temperatures --> Correct. Gradual melting seems to be the best of the lot.

Passage Summary:-

P1:- Classification of synthetic polymers based on their response to heat. Two categories.
P2:- Sub-categorization of Thermoplastics.
P3:- Reason for different responses against heat.

1. The passage is primarily concerned with
(C) presenting a useful basis for classifying a set of related substances. Correct

It exactly matches with the passage summary mentioned above.

2. According to the passage, semi-crystalline thermoplastic polymers differ from thermoset polymers in which of the following ways?
(B) Semi-crystalline thermoplastic polymers melt at a specific temperature, whereas thermoset polymers do not melt even when subjected to high temperatures. Correct.

Refer Text:- [i]thermosets are permanently set plastics; they do not melt, even when subjected to high temperatures. thermoplastics soften gradually in response to heat while semi-crystalline thermoplastics remain solid until a precise melting point.
[/i]

3. The passage implies which of the following about the recycling of synthetic polymers?
(A) The molecular structure of a synthetic polymer at least partially determines whether the polymer can be recycled. Correct.

This can be implied from the fact "molecular structures of the various plastics underpin the way in which each responds to heat." So, molecular structure would be responsible for how plastics would respond to heat.
"Thermoplastics, however, become malleable when heated and can be remolded as they are cooled. As a result, thermoplastics can be recycled more easily than thermosets"

hence, their response to heat would decide if they would further remolded and subsequently, recycled easily.

4. Which of the following plastic products best exemplifies an amorphous thermoplastic polymer as it is presented in the passage (Highlighted)?

(E) A yogurt container that gradually melts when exposed to increasing temperatures. Correct.

This correctly fits the feature of amorphous thermoplastic polymers, melts while increasing the temperature.

Hope this response helps you.

1. The passage is primarily concerned with

(A) providing examples of real-world uses for various related substances
(B) contrasting the chemical compositions of various substances
(C) presenting a useful basis for classifying a set of related substances
(D) assessing the pros and cons of recycling various types of substances
(E) outlining the primary categories of a set of related substances and proposing uses for each category
Ans. E
1st para- Thermoset and T. Plastic and uses thereof,+ uses
2nd- Amorphous Crystalline and melting pattern
3rd- Structure diff between TS and TP, curing.
E covers all maximum portion

2. According to the passage, semi-crystalline thermoplastic polymers differ from thermoset polymers in which of the following ways?

(A) Semi-crystalline thermoplastic polymers melt at a specific temperature, whereas thermoset polymers soften gradually in response to heat.
(B) Semi-crystalline thermoplastic polymers melt at a specific temperature, whereas thermoset polymers do not melt even when subjected to high temperatures.
(C) Semi-crystalline thermoplastic polymers soften gradually in response to heat, whereas thermoset polymers melt at a specific temperature.
(D) Semi-crystalline thermoplastic polymers soften gradually in response to heat, whereas thermoset polymers do not melt even when subjected to high temperatures.
(E) Semi-crystalline thermoplastic polymers do not melt even when subjected to high temperatures, whereas thermoset polymers melt at a specific temperature.
Ans-B
SCTP do not soften but Amorphous do. C & D out.(Para-2)
TP do not soften or melt at high temperature(Para-1). A and E out.


3. The passage implies which of the following about the recycling of synthetic polymers?

(A) The molecular structure of a synthetic polymer at least partially determines whether the polymer can be recycled.
(B) Semi-crystalline thermoplastic polymers can be recycled more easily than amorphous thermoplastic polymers can be.
(C) Thermosets would be easier to recycle if manufacturers would choose less malleable starting materials.
(D) Polymers are more difficult to recycle in general than are other substances.
(E) The “curing” process allows the final product to be more easily recycled in future.
Ans. A
3rd para mention structural relationship of TP and TS with their properties

4. Which of the following plastic products best exemplifies an amorphous thermoplastic polymer as it is presented in the passage (Highlighted)?

(A) The caulking that seals ceramic tiles on an outdoor swimming pool
(B) A stepladder that can bear a weight of up to 250 pounds
(C) A toy water gun that remains solid until it is heated to a precise temperature
(D) A sheet of insulation intended to withstand drastic temperatures
(E) A yogurt container that gradually melts when exposed to increasing temperatures.

Ans-A
As per passage, ATP often softens after heating or above particular temp. B and D out because these are strength of these polymers are useful for mentioned function. In C & E polymer melts. Melting is not property of ATP. A may be correct because caulking material softens at particular temp. (similar to ATP) and becomes solid again.

1. The passage is primarily concerned with

P1- talking about the classification of two types of plastics on the basis of their heating nature and providing examples.
P2- classificataion of one type of plastic and their properties
p3- talks about the reason why different types of plastics behave differently.

(A) providing examples of real-world uses for various related substances - though it provides examples but it is not the main idea as it ignores the classification and heating nature.
(B) contrasting the chemical compositions of various substances -ignores to talk about their classification and their uses and the usage of various subastances is wrong.
(C) presenting a useful basis for classifying a set of related substances- does not provide the basis rather talks about the heat properties of the substance.
(D) assessing the pros and cons of recycling various types of substances- no such references are mentioned.
(E) outlining the primary categories of a set of related substances and proposing uses for each category- CORRECT


2. According to the passage, semi-crystalline thermoplastic polymers differ from thermoset polymers in which of the following ways?

(A) Semi-crystalline thermoplastic polymers melt at a specific temperature, whereas thermoset polymers soften gradually in response to heat. - second part wrongly refers to Thermosets while it should be amorphous thermoplastics. (Incorrect)
(B) Semi-crystalline thermoplastic polymers melt at a specific temperature, whereas thermoset polymers do not melt even when subjected to high temperatures. ( Correct)
(C) Semi-crystalline thermoplastic polymers soften gradually in response to heat, whereas thermoset polymers melt at a specific temperature.- both parts wrong as semi crystaline melt at a specific temperature while thermoset dont melt even at high temperatures. (Incorrect)
(D) Semi-crystalline thermoplastic polymers soften gradually in response to heat, whereas thermoset polymers do not melt even when subjected to high temperatures.- first part wrong -same as C (Incorrect)
(E) Semi-crystalline thermoplastic polymers do not melt even when subjected to high temperatures, whereas thermoset polymers melt at a specific temperature. opposite as first should be Thermoset and second should be semi crysatline thermoplastic ( Incorrect)


3. The passage implies which of the following about the recycling of synthetic polymers?

(A) The molecular structure of a synthetic polymer at least partially determines whether the polymer can be recycled. yes because molecular strycture can help in determination of the way substance reacts to the heat. (Correct)
(B) Semi-crystalline thermoplastic polymers can be recycled more easily than amorphous thermoplastic polymers can be - opposite as amorphous has melts gradually and easily on heat, so it can be more easily recycled. (Incorrect)
(C) Thermosets would be easier to recycle if manufacturers would choose less malleable starting materials. - no thermosets cannot be recycled because on heating they cannot be deformed or melted. (Incorrect)
(D) Polymers are more difficult to recycle in general than are other substances.-out of scope, no such comparision is given. (Incorrect)
(E) The “curing” process allows the final product to be more easily recycled in future. -thermosets are cured and they are not eaily recycled thus it is false to infer it (Incorrect)


4. Which of the following plastic products best exemplifies an amorphous thermoplastic polymer as it is presented in the passage (Highlighted)?

(A) The caulking that seals ceramic tiles on an outdoor swimming pool - it points to adhevise or a selaent matieral i.e thermosets (Incorrect)
(B) A stepladder that can bear a weight of up to 250 pounds - no such refernence of any property ( Incorrect)
(C) A toy water gun that remains solid until it is heated to a precise temperature - it refers to semi crystalline thermoplastic as a specific melting point is required. (Incorrect)
(D) A sheet of insulation intended to withstand drastic temperatures- thermoset as amorphous melta gradually when heat is provided. (Incorrect)
(E) A yogurt container that gradually melts when exposed to increasing temperatures - yeah, describes amorphous property (Correct)

Question 1. The passage is primarily concerned with

(A) providing examples of real-world uses for various related substances
INCORRECT -- Examples were provided to illustrate how different plastics are used based on how they respond to heat, but this was not the main purpose of the passage.

(B) contrasting the chemical compositions of various substances
INCORRECT -- Molecular structures were contrasted in PG3 to illustrate how it affects the way they respond to heat, but this was not the main purpose of the passage.

(C) presenting a useful basis for classifying a set of related substances
CORRECT -- PG1 "These polymers [plastics] can be classified in many ways, perhaps the most useful regarding how they respond to heat." The rest of the passage compares different polymers in relation to how they respond to heat (including examples of real-world use and molecular structure driving how they respond to heat).

(D) assessing the pros and cons of recycling various types of substances
INCORRECT -- Pros (i.e. being able to withstand heat) and cons (i.e. not easily recyclable) of different substances were discussed, but not necessarily the pros and cons of recycling different substances. Not the main purpose of the passage.

(E) outlining the primary categories of a set of related substances and proposing uses for each category
INCORRECT -- PG1 mentioned that plastics can be classified in many ways, and then goes on to classify based on the most useful (how they respond to heat) but didn't necessarily say that these are the "primary" categories. Also, some uses were mentioned to illustrate examples of how we benefit from different types of plastics but the main purpose of the passage wasn't to "propose" uses for different plastics.


Question 2. According to the passage, semi-crystalline thermoplastic polymers differ from thermoset polymers in which of the following ways?

(A) Semi-crystalline thermoplastic polymers melt at a specific temperature, whereas thermoset polymers soften gradually in response to heat.
INCORRECT -- First half is correct but "amorphous thermoplastics soften gradually in response to heat", not thermoset

(B) Semi-crystalline thermoplastic polymers melt at a specific temperature, whereas thermoset polymers do not melt even when subjected to high temperatures.
CORRECT -- "semi-crystalline thermoplastics remain solid until a precise melting point" (PG2) and "thermosets are permanently set plastics; they do not melt, even when subjected to high temperatures" (PG1)

(C) Semi-crystalline thermoplastic polymers soften gradually in response to heat, whereas thermoset polymers melt at a specific temperature.
INCORRECT -- "amorphous thermoplastics soften gradually in response to heat", not semi-crystalline (which melts at a specific temp/ not thermoset which doesn't melt even at high temps)

(D) Semi-crystalline thermoplastic polymers soften gradually in response to heat, whereas thermoset polymers do not melt even when subjected to high temperatures.
INCORRECT -- Second half is correct but "amorphous thermoplastics soften gradually in response to heat", not semi-crystalline

(E) Semi-crystalline thermoplastic polymers do not melt even when subjected to high temperatures, whereas thermoset polymers melt at a specific temperature.
INCORRECT -- In this answer choice the definitions of the two plastics are reversed (thermoset does not melt even at high temp, and semi-crystal melts at a specific temp)


Question 3. The passage implies which of the following about the recycling of synthetic polymers?

(A) The molecular structure of a synthetic polymer at least partially determines whether the polymer can be recycled.
CORRECT -- The molecular structure drives how they respond to heat (PG3), which determines how easily they can be recycled (i.e. the easier it is to melt, the more easily we can remould and repurpose to something else)

(B) Semi-crystalline thermoplastic polymers can be recycled more easily than amorphous thermoplastic polymers can be.
INCORRECT -- PG1 states that "thermoplastics can be recycled more easily than thermosets", but the passage doesn't explicitly discuss the difference in recycling ease within thermoplastics specifically. However, since amorphous plastics melt gradually instead of having to wait until a specific melting point, it might be more logical to infer the reverse of this answer choice.

(C) Thermosets would be easier to recycle if manufacturers would choose less malleable starting materials.
INCORRECT -- Thermosets by definition are not malleable (since they won't melt even at high temperatures). For recycling ease, manufacturers wouldn't choose thermosets at all and would choose thermoplastics instead

(D) Polymers are more difficult to recycle in general than are other substances.
INCORRECT -- This passage specifically discusses synthetic polymers (vs polymers in general) but the passage only compares different types of synthetic polymers, with no mention of "other substances". Can't logically make this inference.

(E) The “curing” process allows the final product to be more easily recycled in future.
INCORRECT -- PG3 talks about curing in relation to thermosets, which is the most difficult substance to recycle (if anything, we should infer the opposite)


Question 4. Which of the following plastic products best exemplifies an amorphous thermoplastic polymer as it is presented in the passage (Highlighted)?

(A) The caulking that seals ceramic tiles on an outdoor swimming pool
INCORRECT -- Not 100% sure what this is but it sounds like something that you would want to be able to withstand the heat of the sun beating down on it everyday. (not amorphous, which melts gradually in increasing temps)

(B) A stepladder that can bear a weight of up to 250 pounds
INCORRECT -- Sounds like a lot of weight and similar to the folding chair example used in the passage (which was semi-crystalline)

(C) A toy water gun that remains solid until it is heated to a precise temperature
INCORRECT -- "semi-crystalline thermoplastics remain solid until a precise melting point", not amorphous

(D) A sheet of insulation intended to withstand drastic temperatures
INCORRECT -- drastic temps sound like thermoset (which doesn't melt even at high temps)

(E) A yogurt container that gradually melts when exposed to increasing temperatures
CORRECT -- "amorphous thermoplastics soften gradually in response to heat" - perfect!

Imo-C
1. The passage is primarily concerned with

These polymers can be classified in many ways, perhaps the most useful regarding how they respond to heat
Author in start of para discuss about classification of polymer on the basis of heat
Author tone-neutral

(A) providing examples of real-world uses for various related substances- Incorrect real world use of various substances not mentioned in para
(B) contrasting the chemical compositions of various substances- tone is Neutral
(C) presenting a useful basis for classifying a set of related substances- correct
(D) assessing the pros and cons of recycling various types of substances- Authors tone is Neutral
(E) outlining the primary categories of a set of related substances and proposing uses for each category- nothing is mentioned about primary categories -incorrect


Imo-B

thermosets are permanently set plastics; they do not melt
Semi-crystalline thermoplastics remain solid until a precise melting point
It is mentioned in the paragraph

2. According to the passage, semi-crystalline thermoplastic polymers differ from thermoset polymers in which of the


(A) Semi-crystalline thermoplastic polymers melt at a specific temperature, whereas thermoset polymers soften gradually in response to heat.- Incorrect
(B) Semi-crystalline thermoplastic polymers melt at a specific temperature, whereas thermoset polymers do not melt even when subjected to high temperatures.-correct
(C) Semi-crystalline thermoplastic polymers soften gradually in response to heat, whereas thermoset polymers melt at a specific temperature.-incorrect
(D) Semi-crystalline thermoplastic polymers soften gradually in response to heat, whereas thermoset polymers do not melt even when subjected to high temperatures.-incorrect
(E) Semi-crystalline thermoplastic polymers do not melt even when subjected to high temperatures, whereas thermoset polymers melt at a specific temperature.-incorrect


Imo-A

In last para Author mentioned that
Theromset polymer has 3 dimensions structure - they are not melted
And thermoplastic has 2 dimensions structures——- connected by intermolecular forces.amorphous thermoplastics, the molecules are randomly ordered, resembling a jumble of yarn, while semi crystalline thermoplastics feature ordered molecular “crystals.”

3. The passage implies which of the following about the recycling of synthetic polymers?

(A) The molecular structure of a synthetic polymer at least partially determines whether the polymer can be recycled.- correct
(B) Semi-crystalline thermoplastic polymers can be recycled more easily than amorphous thermoplastic polymers can be.- no comparison is give about is Semi crystalline’sand armorphouse’s recycling nature- incorrect
(C) Thermosets would be easier to recycle if manufacturers would choose less malleable starting materials.- Not mentioned in paragraph
(D) Polymers are more difficult to recycle in general than are other substances.- no comparison of Polymers is given with other substances
(E) The “curing” process allows the final product to be more easily recycled in future.- irrelevant


Imo-E

4. Which of the following plastic products best exemplifies an amorphous thermoplastic polymer as it is presented in the passage (Highlighted)?

amorphous thermoplastics soften gradually in response to heaT

(A) The caulking that seals ceramic tiles on an outdoor swimming pool- incorrect
(B) A stepladder that can bear a weight of up to 250 pounds- incorrect
(C) A toy water gun that remains solid until it is heated to a precise temperature- Incorrect it is example of Semi crystal polymer
(D) A sheet of insulation intended to withstand drastic temperatures- incorrect
(E) A yogurt container that gradually melts when exposed to increasing temperatures- correct

Posted from my mobile device

Para1 - Synthetic polymers - Their Classifications on the basis of heat application - Some advantages
Para2 - Classification of thermoplastics on the basis of heat application - Uses of each type
Para3 - How does molecular structure supports the way in which each polymer responds to heat

1. The passage is primarily concerned with

(A) providing examples of real-world uses for various related substances.......Examples are provided to help understand the uses (in layman terms). The main idea is classification. Eliminate.
(B) contrasting the chemical compositions of various substances.......Only of third para not of the whole passage. Eliminate.
(C) presenting a useful basis for classifying a set of related substances.......Yes. It is mentioned in the second sentence of the passage "These polymers can be classified in many ways, perhaps the most useful regarding how they respond to heat". And then it is elaborated further in the passage. Keep It.
(D) assessing the pros and cons of recycling various types of substances.....Its only mentioned in first para as a support for the uses of thermosets. Eliminate.
(E) outlining the primary categories of a set of related substances and proposing uses for each category........Outlining can be considered, but proposing uses cannot be. Eliminate.

2. According to the passage, semi-crystalline thermoplastic polymers differ from thermoset polymers in which of the following ways?

In second para it is mentioned "semi-crystalline thermoplastics remain solid until a precise melting point"
In first para it is mentioned "thermosets are permanently set plastics; they do not melt, even when subjected to high temperatures."

Only option B meets the requirement.

(A) Semi-crystalline thermoplastic polymers melt at a specific temperature, whereas thermoset polymers soften gradually in response to heat. No
(B) Semi-crystalline thermoplastic polymers melt at a specific temperature, whereas thermoset polymers do not melt even when subjected to high temperatures. Correct
(C) Semi-crystalline thermoplastic polymers soften gradually in response to heat, whereas thermoset polymers melt at a specific temperature.No
(D) Semi-crystalline thermoplastic polymers soften gradually in response to heat, whereas thermoset polymers do not melt even when subjected to high temperatures.No
(E) Semi-crystalline thermoplastic polymers do not melt even when subjected to high temperatures, whereas thermoset polymers melt at a specific temperature.No

3. The passage implies which of the following about the recycling of synthetic polymers?

(A) The molecular structure of a synthetic polymer at least partially determines whether the polymer can be recycled......Yes It it mentioned in the opening lines of third para. Keep It
(B) Semi-crystalline thermoplastic polymers can be recycled more easily than amorphous thermoplastic polymers can be.....It is mentioned that AT melts gradually, but ST melts at specific temperature. Nothing is mentioned about the easiness. Even if we consider it, on the basis of melting temperatures, this option is opposite. Eliminate
(C) Thermosets would be easier to recycle if manufacturers would choose less malleable starting materials......Cant be inferred. Eliminate
(D) Polymers are more difficult to recycle in general than are other substances.......Other substances are not mentioned. Eliminate.
(E) The “curing” process allows the final product to be more easily recycled in future.....OFS. ELiminate

4. Which of the following plastic products best exemplifies an amorphous thermoplastic polymer as it is presented in the passage (Highlighted)?

AT soften gradually in response to heat, amorphous thermoplastics are more common for products that break apart easily, such as packing peanuts.

(A) The caulking that seals ceramic tiles on an outdoor swimming pool....It is applicable to Thermosets. Eliminate.
(B) A stepladder that can bear a weight of up to 250 pounds.......Semi-Crystalline Thermoplastics. Eliminate.
(C) A toy water gun that remains solid until it is heated to a precise temperature......Semi-Crystalline Thermoplastics. Eliminate.
(D) A sheet of insulation intended to withstand drastic temperatures.....It is applicable to Thermosets. Eliminate.
(E) A yogurt container that gradually melts when exposed to increasing temperatures........Yes. Keep It

IMO Options C, B, A, E

1. The passage is primarily concerned with

Answer : (C) presenting a useful basis for classifying a set of related substances


reasoning for choosing answer and eliminating options :

(A) providing examples of real-world uses for various related substances :
This is too limited in scope and author mentions classification basis and how moleculer structure underpins the way synthetic polymers respond to heat , both of which are not accounted for in this option
(B) contrasting the chemical compositions of various substances:
though contrast is presented , this is not the primary purpose as it does not cover other aspects of classification basis
(C) presenting a useful basis for classifying a set of related substances:

yes this option is the primary purpose as author's primary message is that most useful polymer classification way is regarding how they respond to heat and its examples are given and then last para explains how moleculer structure underpins the way polymers respond to heat

(D) assessing the pros and cons of recycling various types of substances

: recycling is just mentioned in first para and is very limited scope and in any way recycling's pros and cons are not being discussed

(E) outlining the primary categories of a set of related substances and proposing uses for each category

: Primary categories are being outlines and uses are also there but this is too limited in scope as main message here is classification of polymers on their response to heat and examples therin and reasons as to why they behave so



2. According to the passage, semi-crystalline thermoplastic polymers differ from thermoset polymers in which of the following ways?

answer is b) Semi-crystalline thermoplastic polymers melt at a specific temperature, whereas thermoset polymers do not melt even when subjected to high temperatures.

(A) Semi-crystalline thermoplastic polymers melt at a specific temperature, whereas thermoset polymers soften gradually in response to heat. : in the passage its not stated that thermostat polymers soften gradually in response to heat - This is against the facts in passage

(B) Semi-crystalline thermoplastic polymers melt at a specific temperature, whereas thermoset polymers do not melt even when subjected to high temperatures. : facts in the passage are consistent with this answer as its given in para 2 that semi-crystalline polymers melt at specific temp and also that thermosets do not melt even at higher temp in para 1

(C) Semi-crystalline thermoplastic polymers soften gradually in response to heat, whereas thermoset polymers melt at a specific temperature. : first fact is wrong - the semi-crystalline thermoplastics do not soften gradually in response to heat and also second fact is out of scope of passage that thermostat melt at specific temperatures
(D) Semi-crystalline thermoplastic polymers soften gradually in response to heat, whereas thermoset polymers do not melt even when subjected to high temperatures : first fact is wrong - the semi-crystalline thermoplastics do not soften gradually in response to heat while second fact abt thermostat is fine , so ruled out
(E) Semi-crystalline thermoplastic polymers do not melt even when subjected to high temperatures, whereas thermoset polymers melt at a specific temperature. : first fact regarding thermoplastic polymers not melting at high temperature is wrong and the second fact regarding thermoset melting a specific temerature is beyond the scope of passage , so ruled out infact this seems to be reversal of facts -interchanging what we know aby semi-crystalline with thermostats , so ruled out


3. The passage implies which of the following about the recycling of synthetic polymers?


answer is a )The molecular structure of a synthetic polymer at least partially determines whether the polymer can be recycled.

(A) The molecular structure of a synthetic polymer at least partially determines whether the polymer can be recycled:
: third para first sentence states that the contrasting molecular structures of the various plastics underpin the way in which each responds to heat. and in first para its given that Thermoplastics become malleable when heated and can be remolded as they are cooled. As a result, thermoplastics can be recycled more easily than thermosets which is the less malleable nature of the material . Thus malleablity to some extent seems to depend on molecular structure and thus moleculer structure at least partially determines whether polymer can be recycled

(B) Semi-crystalline thermoplastic polymers can be recycled more easily than amorphous thermoplastic polymers can be:
: this is out of scope of the passage as passage discusses recyclability only for thermoplastics and thermostets , so ruled out

(C) Thermosets would be easier to recycle if manufacturers would choose less malleable starting materials: this is not true as per facts of passage as the passage states that thermoplastic which becomes malleable when heated is responsible for the ease in recycling , so less malleable would make it further difficult to recycle

(D) Polymers are more difficult to recycle in general than are other substances:
this comparison is out of scope of the passage , passage only discusses thermoplastics and thermoset for ease of recycling
(E) The “curing” process allows the final product to be more easily recycled in future.:

actually para 3 the curing process is mentioned for thermosets which cannot be easily recycled , so as a matter of fact it actually explains why the final product cannot be easily recycled - so this is counter to facts in the passage



4. Which of the following plastic products best exemplifies an amorphous thermoplastic polymer as it is presented in the passage (Highlighted)?


answer is (e)A yogurt container that gradually melts when exposed to increasing temperatures

(A) The caulking that seals ceramic tiles on an outdoor swimming pool :for adhesive applications para 1 mentions thermoset plastics, so this is ruled out
(B) A stepladder that can bear a weight of up to 250 pounds : passage states that Semi-crystalline thermoplastics tend to be tougher, suitable for weight-bearing goods , so this option is ruled out considering weight bearing present

(C) A toy water gun that remains solid until it is heated to a precise temperature :
: passage mentions that semi-crystalline thermoplastics remain solid until a precise melting point is reached so this property is of semi-crytalline thermoplastic and not amorphous thermoplastics
(D) A sheet of insulation intended to withstand drastic temperatures : this property to withstand drastic temperatures is for thermoset , so it being an amorphous thermoplastic is ruled out
(E) A yogurt container that gradually melts when exposed to increasing temperatures : this seems to be correct as passage says that amorphous thermoplastics soften gradually in response to heat , so this is the answer

ANSWER IMO
1. E
2. B
3. A
4. E


1. The passage is primarily concerned with

(A) providing examples of real-world uses for various related substances
(B) contrasting the chemical compositions of various substances
(C) presenting a useful basis for classifying a set of related substances
(D) assessing the pros and cons of recycling various types of substances
(E) outlining the primary categories of a set of related substances and proposing uses for each category

-> A: "examples" - wrong. It explains about synthetic polymers.
B: "chemical compositions" - is not the primary objective. Wrong
C: It provides basis for classifying synthetic polymers as: Thermoset, amorphous, semi-crystalline etc. Hold
D: "pros" and "cons" assessment- that's not the primary objective
E: Primary categories are outlined and usages are also described.
Honestly, I am confused between C and E- but I will go ahead with E as it appears to be a superset of C. E includes: brief of categories+ Usage..

2. According to the passage, semi-crystalline thermoplastic polymers differ from thermoset polymers in which of the following ways?

(A) Semi-crystalline thermoplastic polymers melt at a specific temperature, whereas thermoset polymers soften gradually in response to heat.
(B) Semi-crystalline thermoplastic polymers melt at a specific temperature, whereas thermoset polymers do not melt even when subjected to high temperatures.
(C) Semi-crystalline thermoplastic polymers soften gradually in response to heat, whereas thermoset polymers melt at a specific temperature.
(D) Semi-crystalline thermoplastic polymers soften gradually in response to heat, whereas thermoset polymers do not melt even when subjected to high temperatures.
(E) Semi-crystalline thermoplastic polymers do not melt even when subjected to high temperatures, whereas thermoset polymers melt at a specific temperature.

-> All are wrong except B which is clearly mentioned in the passage.

3. The passage implies which of the following about the recycling of synthetic polymers?

(A) The molecular structure of a synthetic polymer at least partially determines whether the polymer can be recycled.
(B) Semi-crystalline thermoplastic polymers can be recycled more easily than amorphous thermoplastic polymers can be.
(C) Thermosets would be easier to recycle if manufacturers would choose less malleable starting materials.
(D) Polymers are more difficult to recycle in general than are other substances.
(E) The “curing” process allows the final product to be more easily recycled in future.

-> A: Hold
B: Passage rather states that it is easier to "soften" amorphous polymers as they melt with gradual heating. Hence, easier to recycle amorphous polymers as compared to semi crystalline polymers.
C: Oppsite is correct. Hence, WRONG.
D: Passage does not state this anywhere- Hence cannot be concluded.
E: Curing process rather helps in setting up, but not recylcing. WRONG.
Correct answer should be A

4. Which of the following plastic products best exemplifies an amorphous thermoplastic polymer as it is presented in the passage (Highlighted)?

(A) The caulking that seals ceramic tiles on an outdoor swimming pool
(B) A stepladder that can bear a weight of up to 250 pounds
(C) A toy water gun that remains solid until it is heated to a precise temperature
(D) A sheet of insulation intended to withstand drastic temperatures
(E) A yogurt container that gradually melts when exposed to increasing temperatures

-> A: Thermosets are best suited as sealents. WRONG
B: But what about it's heat bearing tendency- will it not melt when heated gradually? ELIMINATE
C: Thermoset are rather used for manufacturing toys.
D: Semi-crystalline plastics would withstand until a threshold temperature. WRONG
E: Correct- as it would melt gradually with increasing temperature.

1. The passage is primarily concerned with

C
(A) providing examples of real-world uses for various related substances
Although the author uses examples of real-world uses for various related substances, not as a primary purpose of the passage.
(B) contrasting the chemical compositions of various substances
This choice covers one of the details of the third para but not the whole passage.
(C) presenting a useful basis for classifying a set of related substances
Yes, the passage describes the various kind of plastics and their real-world uses.
(D) examples of real-world uses for various related substances
No, the passage doesn't give examples of real-world uses for various related substances
(E) outlining the primary categories of a set of related substances and proposing uses for each category
One word wrong. The passage never stated that these various kinds of plastic are the primary kind of plastic.


2. According to the passage, semi-crystalline thermoplastic polymers differ from thermoset polymers in which of the following ways?

(A) Semi-crystalline thermoplastic polymers melt at a specific temperature, whereas thermoset polymers soften gradually in response to heat.
Thermosets are permanently set plastics; they do not melt, even when subjected to high temperatures.B
(B) Semi-crystalline thermoplastic polymers melt at a specific temperature, whereas thermoset polymers do not melt even when subjected to high temperatures.
Correct
(C) Semi-crystalline thermoplastic polymers soften gradually in response to heat, whereas thermoset polymers melt at a specific temperature.
Semi-crystalline thermoplastics remain solid until a precise melting point.
(D) Semi-crystalline thermoplastic polymers soften gradually in response to heat, whereas thermoset polymers do not melt even when subjected to high temperatures.
Wrong, it is describing amorphous polymer
(E) Semi-crystalline thermoplastic polymers do not melt even when subjected to high temperatures, whereas thermoset polymers melt at a specific temperature.
Reverse is required.


3. The passage implies which of the following about the recycling of synthetic polymers?
A

(A) The molecular structure of a synthetic polymer at least partially determines whether the polymer can be recycled.
The passage describes this in the third para.
(B) Semi-crystalline thermoplastic polymers can be recycled more easily than amorphous thermoplastic polymers can be.
No information about the recycling of both plastics was given.
(C) Thermosets would be easier to recycle if manufacturers would choose less malleable starting materials.
Out of scope.
(D) Polymers are more difficult to recycle in general than are other substances.
What are other substances?
(E) The “curing” process allows the final product to be more easily recycled in future.
Wrong


4. Which of the following plastic products best exemplifies an amorphous thermoplastic polymer as it is presented in the passage (Highlighted)?
E
amorphous thermoplastics soften gradually in response to heat
(A) The caulking that seals ceramic tiles on an outdoor swimming pool
Caulking would not soften gradually in response to heat
(B) A stepladder that can bear a weight of up to 250 pounds
No, it is not softening gradually in response to heat
(C) A toy water gun that remains solid until it is heated to a precise temperature
It will melt at a precise temperature but not at gradually.
(D) A sheet of insulation intended to withstand drastic temperatures
No, it is not softening gradually in response to heat
(E) A yogurt container that gradually melts when exposed to increasing temperatures
Correct, just like the amorphous plastic, it will melt gradually.

Good Evening/Morning/Afternoon to any part of the world you are login from.

OAs of this question are: CBAE. Almost all of the guys here did really well and here is my response after reading all these explanations.

According to my guess the question number 1 is Easy-Medium level say 550-600, 600 level at most. A and E were close option. Question #2 was a little hard comparatively and I can say a 650 level and if someone made detailed map they might messed up with this question completely by mixing up his/her map tree, Its look strange but this is how I think. Question #3 is medium level and A and B were closed options. Question #4 was easy one. Only E was near to the word “gradually melted”.

Sumi1010 you missed the first one which I think was not the one to be missed if you are looking for 80+ percentile in RC. This is a global question and is not that tough to be messed up. You selected option E probably not taking serious the word “proposing” and “primary” in option E. Nothing was proposed in the whole of the passage. (7/10)

BIDJI23 I loved reading you reply, one reason of this is that it was close to my approach. Nice explanation. (9/10)

RashmikaAnegama Nice explanation, I have one suggestion please differentiate your reasoning from answer options so I can be able to identify easily. (9/10)

manish1708 you did the same mistake as the done by sumi1010 in question #1. (7/10)

ranjan1 good passage summary, I would love to hear you instead of the text from the passage, same recommendation to you too “differentiate your reasoning from answer options so I can be able to identify easily”.(8/10)

ikatke same mistake is repeating on in the first question. All those who picked up E in question #1 were probably unable to differentiate between “what is proposed” and “a general fact.” Once again “differentiate your reasoning from answer options so I can be able to identify easily”. (6/10)

GargieMahajan for question #1 please read my reply from the start if you haven’t. Nice explanation to all remaining questions. (7.5/10)

Vie3nrose everything was just perfect! I would say that other members should follow this format as it was convenient for me to read. (9.5/10)

Neha2404 Good explanation please format it in a way I can differentiate between your reasoning provided and the answer options. (9/10)

rocky620 You rocked it, well caught option E in first question, Job well done 10/10.

Deepakjhamb The most detailed explanation, very good 10/10, though I request you to change the green color to dark green.

Pankaj0901 Good try (6.5/10)

Tahamohsin Good one. (9/10)

Thank you guys! I will now move on to the next question and then to the points table with today’s points update.(9/10)

Good Luck

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