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The British hospitality industrys cost to address issues related to t 13 May 2022, 01:30
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The British hospitality industry’s cost to address issues related to the new and more stringent visa regulations is projected at $2 billion by the end of the decade.


(A) The British hospitality industry’s cost to address issues related to the new and more stringent visa regulations is projected at $2 billion by the end of the decade.

(B) The British hospitality industry’s cost by the end of the decade to address issues related to the new and more stringent visa regulations is estimated at $2 billion a year.

(C) By the end of the decade, the British hospitality industry’s cost of addressing issues related to the new and more stringent visa regulations is projected at $2 billion a year.

(D) It is estimated that by the end of the decade the cost to the British hospitality industry of addressing issues related to the new and more stringent visa regulations will be over $2 billion a year.

(E) To address issues related to the new and more stringent visa regulations, the cost to the British hospitality industry is estimated at over $2 billion a year by the end of the decade.


 


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D
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The British hospitality industrys cost to address issues related to t 13 May 2022, 03:25
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(A) The British hospitality industry’s cost to address issues related to the new and more stringent visa regulations is projected at $2 billion by the end of the decade.
ı think cost to address stands a little bit off. First of all, ı would have expected something nicer, or idiomatic, such as cost of addressing... to British industry....Because, receiver of the action of costing is the industry, in other words, cost of addressing issues costs to the industry.
Also, though ı am not sure, cost is projected by the end of decade mixes timeline a little bit. ı think cost should be modified by "by the end of decade"

(B) The British hospitality industry’s cost by the end of the decade to address issues related to the new and more stringent visa regulations is estimated at $2 billion a year.
cost to address stands off. Receiver of the action of costing is the industry, in other words, cost of addressing issues costs to the industry.

(C) By the end of the decade, the British hospitality industry’s cost of addressing issues related to the new and more stringent visa regulations is projected at $2 billion a year.
By the end of decade, cost of addressing is projected...This one mixes timelines as if to tell that cost is projected by the end of decade

(D) It is estimated that by the end of the decade the cost to the British hospitality industry of addressing issues related to the new and more stringent visa regulations will be over $2 billion a year.
Correct

(E) To address issues related to the new and more stringent visa regulations, the cost to the British hospitality industry is estimated at over $2 billion a year by the end of the decade.
Meaning is off. This one tells that cost is estimated in order to address issues
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The British hospitality industrys cost to address issues related to t 13 May 2022, 14:37
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(A) The British hospitality industry’s cost to address issues related to the new and more stringent visa regulations is projected at $2 billion by the end of the decade.
ı think cost to address stands a little bit off. First of all, ı would have expected something nicer, or idiomatic, such as cost of addressing... to British industry....Because, receiver of the action of costing is the industry, in other words, cost of addressing issues costs to the industry.
Also, though ı am not sure, cost is projected by the end of decade mixes timeline a little bit. ı think cost should be modified by "by the end of decade"

(B) The British hospitality industry’s cost by the end of the decade to address issues related to the new and more stringent visa regulations is estimated at $2 billion a year.
cost to address stands off. Receiver of the action of costing is the industry, in other words, cost of addressing issues costs to the industry.

(C) By the end of the decade, the British hospitality industry’s cost of addressing issues related to the new and more stringent visa regulations is projected at $2 billion a year.
By the end of decade, cost of addressing is projected...This one mixes timelines as if to tell that cost is projected by the end of decade

(D) It is estimated that by the end of the decade the cost to the British hospitality industry of addressing issues related to the new and more stringent visa regulations will be over $2 billion a year.
Correct

(E) To address issues related to the new and more stringent visa regulations, the cost to the British hospitality industry is estimated at over $2 billion a year by the end of the decade.
Meaning is off. This one tells that cost is estimated in order to address issues
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For option D, can we chose "over" $2 billion and "at" $2 billion (from the original sentence), to concur with the same meaning? does it not change the meaning when we say "over" $2 billion? (which is technically more than $2 billion)?
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The British hospitality industrys cost to address issues related to t 29 May 2022, 09:30
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The British hospitality industry’s cost to address issues related to the new and more stringent visa regulations is projected at $2 billion by the end of the decade.


(A) The British hospitality industry’s cost to address issues related to the new and more stringent visa regulations is projected at $2 billion by the end of the decade.

(B) The British hospitality industry’s cost by the end of the decade to address issues related to the new and more stringent visa regulations is estimated at $2 billion a year.

(C) By the end of the decade, the British hospitality industry’s cost of addressing issues related to the new and more stringent visa regulations is projected at $2 billion a year.

(D) It is estimated that by the end of the decade the cost to the British hospitality industry of addressing issues related to the new and more stringent visa regulations will be over $2 billion a year.

(E) To address issues related to the new and more stringent visa regulations, the cost to the British hospitality industry is estimated at over $2 billion a year by the end of the decade.


 


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Experts' Global Official Explanation:

Meaning + Modifiers + Idioms + Redundancy/Awkwardness

The intended meaning of the crucial part of this sentence is that it is estimated that by the end of the decade it will cost the industry $2 billion per year to address certain issues.

    • The simple future tense is used to refer to actions that will take place in the future.
    • The simple present tense is used to indicate actions taking place in the current time frame, indicate habitual actions, state universal truths, and convey information that is permanent in nature.

A. Trap. This answer choice incorrectly uses the present tense verb “is projected at” to refer to an action that will take place in the future, as indicated by the modifying phrase “by the end of the decade”.

B. This answer choice expresses the idea of certain costs incurred by an industry reaching a certain level by the end of the decade by modifying the noun phrase “industry’s cost by the end of the decade” with the present tense phrase “is estimated at $2 billion a year”; this is an awkward method of conveying this idea, as the same meaning can be conveyed more efficiently by referring to the cost in the future tense.

C. Trap. This answer choice incorrectly uses the present tense verb “is projected at” to refer to an event that will logically take place in the future, as indicated by the modifying phrase “by the end of the decade”.

D. Correct. This answer choice conveys the intended meaning of the sentence that it is estimated that by the end of the decade it will cost the industry $2 billion per year to address certain issues. Further, Option D correctly uses the simple future tense verb “will be” to refer to a future event. Additionally, Option D is free of awkwardness and redundancy.

E. This answer choice incorrectly uses the phrase “to address issues related to the new and more stringent visa regulations” to modify the clause “the cost to the British hospitality industry is estimated at over $2 billion a year”, incorrectly implying that the action of estimating the cost was taken for the purpose of addressing issues caused by visa regulations. The intended meaning is that it is estimated that by the end of the decade it will cost the industry $2 billion per year to address certain issues.

D is the best answer choice.
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The British hospitality industrys cost to address issues related to t 29 May 2022, 10:15
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The British hospitality industry’s cost to address issues related to the new and more stringent visa regulations is projected at $2 billion by the end of the decade.


(A) The British hospitality industry’s cost to address issues related to the new and more stringent visa regulations is projected at $2 billion by the end of the decade.

(B) The British hospitality industry’s cost by the end of the decade to address issues related to the new and more stringent visa regulations is estimated at $2 billion a year.

(C) By the end of the decade, the British hospitality industry’s cost of addressing issues related to the new and more stringent visa regulations is projected at $2 billion a year.

(D) It is estimated that by the end of the decade the cost to the British hospitality industry of addressing issues related to the new and more stringent visa regulations will be over $2 billion a year.

(E) To address issues related to the new and more stringent visa regulations, the cost to the British hospitality industry is estimated at over $2 billion a year by the end of the decade.


 


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Experts' Global Official Explanation:

Meaning + Modifiers + Idioms + Redundancy/Awkwardness

The intended meaning of the crucial part of this sentence is that it is estimated that by the end of the decade it will cost the industry $2 billion per year to address certain issues.

    • The simple future tense is used to refer to actions that will take place in the future.
    • The simple present tense is used to indicate actions taking place in the current time frame, indicate habitual actions, state universal truths, and convey information that is permanent in nature.

A. Trap. This answer choice incorrectly uses the present tense verb “is projected at” to refer to an action that will take place in the future, as indicated by the modifying phrase “by the end of the decade”.

B. This answer choice expresses the idea of certain costs incurred by an industry reaching a certain level by the end of the decade by modifying the noun phrase “industry’s cost by the end of the decade” with the present tense phrase “is estimated at $2 billion a year”; this is an awkward method of conveying this idea, as the same meaning can be conveyed more efficiently by referring to the cost in the future tense.

C. Trap. This answer choice incorrectly uses the present tense verb “is projected at” to refer to an event that will logically take place in the future, as indicated by the modifying phrase “by the end of the decade”.

D. Correct. This answer choice conveys the intended meaning of the sentence that it is estimated that by the end of the decade it will cost the industry $2 billion per year to address certain issues. Further, Option D correctly uses the simple future tense verb “will be” to refer to a future event. Additionally, Option D is free of awkwardness and redundancy.

E. This answer choice incorrectly uses the phrase “to address issues related to the new and more stringent visa regulations” to modify the clause “the cost to the British hospitality industry is estimated at over $2 billion a year”, incorrectly implying that the action of estimating the cost was taken for the purpose of addressing issues caused by visa regulations. The intended meaning is that it is estimated that by the end of the decade it will cost the industry $2 billion per year to address certain issues.

D is the best answer choice.
Show more

So the main issue with (A) as explained by Experts' Global：this answer choice incorrectly uses the present tense verb “is projected at” to refer to an action that will take place in the future.
Let's modify the verb tense to be simple future tense:
The British hospitality industry’s cost to address issues related to the new and more stringent visa regulations will be projected at $2 billion by the end of the decade.
Is the sentence above considered an acceptable version? Does the change make sense?
While the projection is for the cost in the future, the action "project" can definitely and probably should take place now.
Another example sentence:
The global athletic footwear market is predicted to be worth $100bn by 2028.
It is correct as written. Do not change "is predicted" to be "will be predicted".
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The British hospitality industrys cost to address issues related to t 29 May 2022, 10:41
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Bunuel
The British hospitality industry’s cost to address issues related to the new and more stringent visa regulations is projected at $2 billion by the end of the decade.


(A) The British hospitality industry’s cost to address issues related to the new and more stringent visa regulations is projected at $2 billion by the end of the decade.

(B) The British hospitality industry’s cost by the end of the decade to address issues related to the new and more stringent visa regulations is estimated at $2 billion a year.

(C) By the end of the decade, the British hospitality industry’s cost of addressing issues related to the new and more stringent visa regulations is projected at $2 billion a year.

(D) It is estimated that by the end of the decade the cost to the British hospitality industry of addressing issues related to the new and more stringent visa regulations will be over $2 billion a year.

(E) To address issues related to the new and more stringent visa regulations, the cost to the British hospitality industry is estimated at over $2 billion a year by the end of the decade.


 


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Experts' Global Official Explanation:

Meaning + Modifiers + Idioms + Redundancy/Awkwardness

The intended meaning of the crucial part of this sentence is that it is estimated that by the end of the decade it will cost the industry $2 billion per year to address certain issues.

    • The simple future tense is used to refer to actions that will take place in the future.
    • The simple present tense is used to indicate actions taking place in the current time frame, indicate habitual actions, state universal truths, and convey information that is permanent in nature.

A. Trap. This answer choice incorrectly uses the present tense verb “is projected at” to refer to an action that will take place in the future, as indicated by the modifying phrase “by the end of the decade”.

B. This answer choice expresses the idea of certain costs incurred by an industry reaching a certain level by the end of the decade by modifying the noun phrase “industry’s cost by the end of the decade” with the present tense phrase “is estimated at $2 billion a year”; this is an awkward method of conveying this idea, as the same meaning can be conveyed more efficiently by referring to the cost in the future tense.

C. Trap. This answer choice incorrectly uses the present tense verb “is projected at” to refer to an event that will logically take place in the future, as indicated by the modifying phrase “by the end of the decade”.

D. Correct. This answer choice conveys the intended meaning of the sentence that it is estimated that by the end of the decade it will cost the industry $2 billion per year to address certain issues. Further, Option D correctly uses the simple future tense verb “will be” to refer to a future event. Additionally, Option D is free of awkwardness and redundancy.

E. This answer choice incorrectly uses the phrase “to address issues related to the new and more stringent visa regulations” to modify the clause “the cost to the British hospitality industry is estimated at over $2 billion a year”, incorrectly implying that the action of estimating the cost was taken for the purpose of addressing issues caused by visa regulations. The intended meaning is that it is estimated that by the end of the decade it will cost the industry $2 billion per year to address certain issues.

D is the best answer choice.

So the main issue with (A) as explained by Experts' Global：this answer choice incorrectly uses the present tense verb “is projected at” to refer to an action that will take place in the future.
Let's modify the verb tense to be simple future tense:
The British hospitality industry’s cost to address issues related to the new and more stringent visa regulations will be projected at $2 billion by the end of the decade.
Is the sentence above considered an acceptable version? Does the change make sense?
While the projection is for the cost in the future, the action "project" can definitely and probably should take place now.
Another example sentence:
The global athletic footwear market is predicted to be worth $100bn by 2028.
It is correct as written. Do not change "is predicted" to be "will be predicted".
Show more
absolutely agree. the act of projection must take place now.

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The British hospitality industrys cost to address issues related to t 30 May 2022, 20:05
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Projected To Be is the correct idiom, am I right? Because there is a GMAT question where Projected at was incorrect. Projected to be is correct. But since none of them have that as the option, I chose will be over.
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The British hospitality industrys cost to address issues related to t 30 May 2022, 21:43
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Projected To Be is the correct idiom, am I right? Because there is a GMAT question where Projected at was incorrect. Projected to be is correct. But since none of them have that as the option, I chose will be over.
Show more

The GMAT question you mentioned must be the one below:
https://gmatclub.com/forum/the-united-s ... 64021.html

Indeed, this question options closely resemble that GMAT question's.

I am not sure, though, whether "be projected at" is absolutely wrong in the GMAT land.
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The British hospitality industrys cost to address issues related to t 31 May 2022, 03:42
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zhanbo Bunuel

1. $2 billion by the end of the decade
2. $2 billion a year

Is there any difference between these two things?
isn't the meaning changed in all the choices?

In question, it is conveyed that the total cost will be $2 billion whereas all the choices, except A, convey that the total cost will be $20 billion.

Please help.
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The British hospitality industrys cost to address issues related to t 05 Jun 2022, 09:30
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Bunuel
The British hospitality industry’s cost to address issues related to the new and more stringent visa regulations is projected at $2 billion by the end of the decade.


(A) The British hospitality industry’s cost to address issues related to the new and more stringent visa regulations is projected at $2 billion by the end of the decade.

(B) The British hospitality industry’s cost by the end of the decade to address issues related to the new and more stringent visa regulations is estimated at $2 billion a year.

(C) By the end of the decade, the British hospitality industry’s cost of addressing issues related to the new and more stringent visa regulations is projected at $2 billion a year.

(D) It is estimated that by the end of the decade the cost to the British hospitality industry of addressing issues related to the new and more stringent visa regulations will be over $2 billion a year.

(E) To address issues related to the new and more stringent visa regulations, the cost to the British hospitality industry is estimated at over $2 billion a year by the end of the decade.


 


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The British hospitality industrys cost to address issues related to t 29 Jul 2023, 09:48
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