Bunuel
There is at least one viper and at least one cobra in Pandora's box. How many cobras are there?
(1) From any two snakes from Pandora's box at least one is a viper.
(2) The total number of snakes in Pandora's box is 99.
Given: There is at least one viper and at least one cobra in Pandora's box Target question: How many cobras are there? Statement 1: From any two snakes from Pandora's box at least one is a viper. This is indirectly telling us that there is only 1 cobra in the box. Here's why:
If the box contained 2 cobras, then it would be possible to select 2 snakes that are both cobras, which would CONTRADICT statement 1.
If the box contained 3 cobras, then it would be possible to select 2 snakes that are both cobras, which would CONTRADICT statement 1.
If the box contained 4 cobras, then it would be possible to select 2 snakes that are both cobras, which would CONTRADICT statement 1.
. . . etc
So, the box must contain FEWER THAN 2 cobras.
We're told that there is AT LEAST ONE cobra in the box
So, it must be the case that
the box contains EXACTLY 1 cobraSince we can answer the
target question with certainty, statement 1 is SUFFICIENT
Statement 2: The total number of snakes in Pandora's box is 99There are many scenarios that satisfy statement 2. Here are two:
Case a: The box contains 30 cobras and 69 vipers. In this case, the answer to the target question is
the box contains 30 cobrasCase b: The box contains 49 cobras and 50 vipers. In this case, the answer to the target question is
the box contains 49 cobrasSince we cannot answer the
target question with certainty, statement 2 is NOT SUFFICIENT
Answer: A
Cheers,
Brent