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17 Jul 2017, 09:09
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C
Be sure to select an answer first to save it in the Error Log before revealing the correct answer (OA)!
Difficulty:
35%
(medium)
Question Stats:
76% (02:07) correct
24%
(02:14)
wrong
based on 871
sessions
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One test to determine whether a person has been infected with tuberculosis consists of injecting the person with proteins extracted from the tuberculosis bacterium. Once a person has been infected by a bacterium, the person’s immune system subsequently recognizes certain proteins present in that bacterium and attacks the bacterium. This recognition also takes place in the test and results in a skin irritation at the injection site. Hence the physicians who designed the test reasoned that anyone who reacts in this manner to an injection with the tuberculosis proteins has been infected with tuberculosis.
Which one of the following is an assumption on which the physicians’ reasoning depends?
(A) All of the proteins present in disease-causing bacteria can be recognized by the body’s immune system.
(B) Localized skin irritations are a characteristic symptom of tuberculosis in most people.
(C) The ability of the proteins present in the tuberculosis bacterium to trigger the skin irritation is exclusive to that bacterium.
(D) Some people who have been injected with proteins extracted from the tuberculosis bacterium will contract tuberculosis as a result of the injection.
(E) The body’s immune system cannot recognize infectious bacteria unless there are sufficient quantities of the bacteria to cause overt symptoms of disease.
Which one of the following is an assumption on which the physicians’ reasoning depends?
(A) All of the proteins present in disease-causing bacteria can be recognized by the body’s immune system.
(B) Localized skin irritations are a characteristic symptom of tuberculosis in most people.
(C) The ability of the proteins present in the tuberculosis bacterium to trigger the skin irritation is exclusive to that bacterium.
(D) Some people who have been injected with proteins extracted from the tuberculosis bacterium will contract tuberculosis as a result of the injection.
(E) The body’s immune system cannot recognize infectious bacteria unless there are sufficient quantities of the bacteria to cause overt symptoms of disease.
18 Jul 2017, 09:27
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nk05
We're trying to find an assumption that backs up the following claim:
If a patient is injected with the tuberculosis protein AND that patient experiences a skin irritation at the injection site THEN they must have tuberculosis.
(A) All of the proteins present in disease-causing bacteria can be recognized by the body’s immune system. No mention of the skin irritation
(B) Localized skin irritations are a characteristic symptom of tuberculosis in most people. Vague mention of skin irritations and its effect on most people. This choice does not mention the tuberculosis protein being the root of the irritation but could be an irritation caused by anything.
(C) The ability of the proteins present in the tuberculosis bacterium to trigger the skin irritation is exclusive to that bacterium. Supports our If-Then statement that the irritation is caused exclusively by the injected tuberculosis protein
(D) Some people who have been injected with proteins extracted from the tuberculosis bacterium will contract tuberculosis as a result of the injection. Out of scope. There's no mention that the injection causes tuberculosis.
(E) The body’s immune system cannot recognize infectious bacteria unless there are sufficient quantities of the bacteria to cause overt symptoms of disease. Out of scope. Question is looking for an assumption around the protein injection and a skin irritation.
General Discussion
17 Jul 2017, 09:48
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Akela
HI..
lets see the reasoning of PARA
A person affected from tuberculosis if injected with proteins extracted from the BACTERIUM will result in skin irritations at the injected location
what could be the flaw in reasoning - No other event can lead to this type of irritation..
so this FLAW otherwise could be the VERY assumption the author has taken
C correctly rephrases the flaw and gives the assumption. If we negate it, the reasoning will fail as shown by flaw..
C
