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17 Aug 2015, 11:11
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45% (01:33) correct
55%
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Electrician Magazine surveyed 1,000 electricians who took an advanced certification exam. Of these 1,000 candidates 500 passed the exam and 500 failed. The magazine asked the electricians how many hours they had studied for the exam. It was found that those who passed had studied on average 50 hours, and those who failed had studied on average 20 hours. The magazine concluded that the more hours one studies, the more likely they are to pass.
Which of the following, if true, would most strengthen the conclusion of the magazine?
A. Some of the electricians in the survey actually studied more than 100 hours.
B. Many of those surveyed thought the exam was unnecessary and did not reflect on their ability as electricians.
C. The electricians in the survey all took the exam shortly after reaching five years of experience as an electrician.
D. Many of the electricians who passed had completed a course in electronics covering some of the topics also included in the syllabus of the certification exam.
E. Majority of the electricians who failed had college degrees in a variety of fields not related to electrical subjects.
Which of the following, if true, would most strengthen the conclusion of the magazine?
A. Some of the electricians in the survey actually studied more than 100 hours.
B. Many of those surveyed thought the exam was unnecessary and did not reflect on their ability as electricians.
C. The electricians in the survey all took the exam shortly after reaching five years of experience as an electrician.
D. Many of the electricians who passed had completed a course in electronics covering some of the topics also included in the syllabus of the certification exam.
E. Majority of the electricians who failed had college degrees in a variety of fields not related to electrical subjects.
17 Aug 2015, 11:11
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Official Solution:
Electrician Magazine surveyed 1,000 electricians who took an advanced certification exam. Of these 1,000 candidates 500 passed the exam and 500 failed. The magazine asked the electricians how many hours they had studied for the exam. It was found that those who passed had studied on average 50 hours, and those who failed had studied on average 20 hours. The magazine concluded that the more hours one studies, the more likely they are to pass.
Which of the following, if true, would most strengthen the conclusion of the magazine?
A. Some of the electricians in the survey actually studied more than 100 hours.
B. Many of those surveyed thought the exam was unnecessary and did not reflect on their ability as electricians.
C. The electricians in the survey all took the exam shortly after reaching five years of experience as an electrician.
D. Many of the electricians who passed had completed a course in electronics covering some of the topics also included in the syllabus of the certification exam.
E. Majority of the electricians who failed had college degrees in a variety of fields not related to electrical subjects.
The argument concludes that the more hours an electrician studies, the more likely they are to pass the certification exam. If you were asked to weaken this conclusion, you could find some external factor that may have helped one group to do better. However, in this case, we need to strengthen this conclusion and thus do the opposite - rule out external factors that may have interfered and offered an alternative explanation why some electricians passed while others failed. If other factors could have influenced the results, the conclusion about study hours being the primary cause would be weakened. Keep in mind, that the strengthn questions are not explain-type quesitons - they only have to strengthen, not overwhelmingly convince. Thus the evaluation standard is quite low and subtle.
A. "Some electricians studied more than 100 hours" is irrelevant to the argument since the conclusion is based on averages. Even if some electricians studied an exceptionally high number of hours, this does not tell us whether they passed or failed, nor does it provide insight into whether study time was the deciding factor. We can rule this answer choice out as it has insufficient information.
B. "Many surveyed thought the exam was unnecessary" does not affect the conclusion. The electricians’ opinions about the exam are irrelevant to whether study time affects their likelihood of passing.
C. (Correct Answer) This option strengthens the argument because it eliminates a potential alternative explanation — differences in experience. If all electricians had the same level of experience when they took the exam, it becomes more likely that the difference in study hours, rather than varying levels of experience, influenced their performance. By ruling out experience as a factor, this option increases the likelihood that the number of study hours is the key factor in passing the exam. This option does not guarantee that the study hours were the sole and only contributor, but it moves the argument in the right direction and strengthens it.
D. "Many electricians who passed completed a course in electronics" weakens the conclusion because it introduces another factor—prior coursework—that could explain why those electricians passed. If those who passed had extra knowledge from the course, their success could be due to that advantage rather than the amount of time spent studying for the exam.
E. Similarly, this option weakens the conclusion by suggesting that electricians who failed had degrees in unrelated fields. This implies that their failure may have been due to a lack of relevant knowledge, rather than the number of study hours, introducing an alternative explanation.
Thus, option C strengthens the argument by ruling out a significant alternative factor—experience—and supporting the conclusion that study hours were a decisive factor in passing the exam.
Answer: C
Electrician Magazine surveyed 1,000 electricians who took an advanced certification exam. Of these 1,000 candidates 500 passed the exam and 500 failed. The magazine asked the electricians how many hours they had studied for the exam. It was found that those who passed had studied on average 50 hours, and those who failed had studied on average 20 hours. The magazine concluded that the more hours one studies, the more likely they are to pass.
Which of the following, if true, would most strengthen the conclusion of the magazine?
A. Some of the electricians in the survey actually studied more than 100 hours.
B. Many of those surveyed thought the exam was unnecessary and did not reflect on their ability as electricians.
C. The electricians in the survey all took the exam shortly after reaching five years of experience as an electrician.
D. Many of the electricians who passed had completed a course in electronics covering some of the topics also included in the syllabus of the certification exam.
E. Majority of the electricians who failed had college degrees in a variety of fields not related to electrical subjects.
The argument concludes that the more hours an electrician studies, the more likely they are to pass the certification exam. If you were asked to weaken this conclusion, you could find some external factor that may have helped one group to do better. However, in this case, we need to strengthen this conclusion and thus do the opposite - rule out external factors that may have interfered and offered an alternative explanation why some electricians passed while others failed. If other factors could have influenced the results, the conclusion about study hours being the primary cause would be weakened. Keep in mind, that the strengthn questions are not explain-type quesitons - they only have to strengthen, not overwhelmingly convince. Thus the evaluation standard is quite low and subtle.
A. "Some electricians studied more than 100 hours" is irrelevant to the argument since the conclusion is based on averages. Even if some electricians studied an exceptionally high number of hours, this does not tell us whether they passed or failed, nor does it provide insight into whether study time was the deciding factor. We can rule this answer choice out as it has insufficient information.
B. "Many surveyed thought the exam was unnecessary" does not affect the conclusion. The electricians’ opinions about the exam are irrelevant to whether study time affects their likelihood of passing.
C. (Correct Answer) This option strengthens the argument because it eliminates a potential alternative explanation — differences in experience. If all electricians had the same level of experience when they took the exam, it becomes more likely that the difference in study hours, rather than varying levels of experience, influenced their performance. By ruling out experience as a factor, this option increases the likelihood that the number of study hours is the key factor in passing the exam. This option does not guarantee that the study hours were the sole and only contributor, but it moves the argument in the right direction and strengthens it.
D. "Many electricians who passed completed a course in electronics" weakens the conclusion because it introduces another factor—prior coursework—that could explain why those electricians passed. If those who passed had extra knowledge from the course, their success could be due to that advantage rather than the amount of time spent studying for the exam.
E. Similarly, this option weakens the conclusion by suggesting that electricians who failed had degrees in unrelated fields. This implies that their failure may have been due to a lack of relevant knowledge, rather than the number of study hours, introducing an alternative explanation.
Thus, option C strengthens the argument by ruling out a significant alternative factor—experience—and supporting the conclusion that study hours were a decisive factor in passing the exam.
Answer: C
11 Nov 2022, 23:25
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Bunuel
Electrician Magazine surveyed 1,000 electricians who took an advanced certification exam. Of these 1,000 candidates 500 passed the exam and 500 failed. The magazine asked the electricians how many hours they had studied for the exam. It was found that those who passed had studied on average 50 hours, and those who failed had studied on average 20 hours. The magazine concluded that the more hours one studies, the more likely he is to pass.
Which of the following, if true, would most strengthen the conclusion of the magazine?
A. Some of the electricians in the survey actually studied more than 100 hours.
B. Many of those surveyed thought the exam was unnecessary and did not reflect on their ability as electricians.
C. The electricians in the survey all took the exam shortly after reaching five years of experience as an electrician.
D. Many of the electricians who passed had completed a course in electronics covering some of the topics also included in the syllabus of the certification exam.
E. Majority of the electricians who failed had college degrees in a variety of fields not related to electrical subjects.
Which of the following, if true, would most strengthen the conclusion of the magazine?
A. Some of the electricians in the survey actually studied more than 100 hours.
B. Many of those surveyed thought the exam was unnecessary and did not reflect on their ability as electricians.
C. The electricians in the survey all took the exam shortly after reaching five years of experience as an electrician.
D. Many of the electricians who passed had completed a course in electronics covering some of the topics also included in the syllabus of the certification exam.
E. Majority of the electricians who failed had college degrees in a variety of fields not related to electrical subjects.
I went with D
I understand how C is a good option but I don't understand how D is wrong..
The conclusion is in the last line 'The magazine concluded that the more hours one studies, the more likely he is to pass.'
And option D basically says that many of the electricians who passed completed a course covering similar material to the ones asked in the exam. Shouldn't completing the course mean that those electricians did indeed studied more hours?
