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souvik101990
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Location: United States (WA)
Concentration: Leadership, General Management
Schools: Ross '20 (M)
GMAT 1: 760 Q50 V42
GMAT 2: 740 Q49 V42 (Online)
GMAT 3: 760 Q50 V42 (Online)
GPA: 3.8
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Expert reply
15 Apr 2018, 06:49
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With the outbreak of the civil war which ran through 1861-65, women and men alike eagerly volunteered to fight for the cause. In the Northern states, women organized ladies' aid societies to supply the Union troops with everything they needed, from food (they baked and canned and planted fruit and vegetable gardens for the soldiers) to clothing (they sewed and laundered uniforms, knitted socks and gloves, mended blankets and embroidered quilts and pillowcases) to cash (they organized door-to-door fundraising campaigns, county fairs and performances of all kinds to raise money for medical supplies and other necessities).
But many women wanted to take a more active role in the war effort. Inspired by the work of Florence Nightingale and her fellow nurses in the Crimean War, they tried to find a way to work on the front lines, caring for sick and injured soldiers and keeping the rest of the Union troops healthy and safe. In June 1861, they succeeded: The federal government agreed to create "a preventive hygienic and sanitary service for the benefit of the army" called the United States Sanitary Commission. The Sanitary Commission's primary objective was to combat preventable diseases and infections by improving conditions (particularly "bad cookery" and bad hygiene) in army camps and hospitals. It also worked to provide relief to sick and wounded soldiers. By war's end, the Sanitary Commission had provided almost $15 million in supplies-the vast majority of which had been collected by women-to the Union Army.
Nearly 20,000 women worked more directly for the Union war effort. Working-class white women and free and enslaved African-American women worked as laundresses, cooks and "matrons," and some 3,000 middle-class white women worked as nurses. The activist Dorothea Dix, the superintendent of Army nurses, put out a call for responsible, maternal volunteers who would not distract the troops or behave in unseemly or unfeminine ways: Dix insisted that her nurses be "past 30 years of age, healthy, plain almost to repulsion in dress and devoid of personal attractions." (One of the most famous of these Union nurses was the writer Louisa May Alcott.) Army nurses traveled from hospital to hospital, providing "humane and efficient care for wounded, sick and dying soldiers." They also acted as mothers and housekeepers-"havens in a heartless world"-for the soldiers under their care.
The author would most likely agree with which of the following?
A. By establishing formal infrastructure to address soldiers' health needs, the Union created a pathway for women's large-scale institutional involvement in the war effort.
B. Women’s contributions during the Civil War were largely restricted to domestic support activities far from the battlefront.
C. The efforts of women to improve sanitation during the Civil War were modeled after successful Southern Confederate practices.
D. Volunteer nurses like Louisa May Alcott were celebrated primarily for their ability to uplift morale among Union soldiers through entertainment.
E. The experience of African American women during the Civil War was fundamentally transformed by access to leadership positions within Union relief organizations.
But many women wanted to take a more active role in the war effort. Inspired by the work of Florence Nightingale and her fellow nurses in the Crimean War, they tried to find a way to work on the front lines, caring for sick and injured soldiers and keeping the rest of the Union troops healthy and safe. In June 1861, they succeeded: The federal government agreed to create "a preventive hygienic and sanitary service for the benefit of the army" called the United States Sanitary Commission. The Sanitary Commission's primary objective was to combat preventable diseases and infections by improving conditions (particularly "bad cookery" and bad hygiene) in army camps and hospitals. It also worked to provide relief to sick and wounded soldiers. By war's end, the Sanitary Commission had provided almost $15 million in supplies-the vast majority of which had been collected by women-to the Union Army.
Nearly 20,000 women worked more directly for the Union war effort. Working-class white women and free and enslaved African-American women worked as laundresses, cooks and "matrons," and some 3,000 middle-class white women worked as nurses. The activist Dorothea Dix, the superintendent of Army nurses, put out a call for responsible, maternal volunteers who would not distract the troops or behave in unseemly or unfeminine ways: Dix insisted that her nurses be "past 30 years of age, healthy, plain almost to repulsion in dress and devoid of personal attractions." (One of the most famous of these Union nurses was the writer Louisa May Alcott.) Army nurses traveled from hospital to hospital, providing "humane and efficient care for wounded, sick and dying soldiers." They also acted as mothers and housekeepers-"havens in a heartless world"-for the soldiers under their care.
The author would most likely agree with which of the following?
A. By establishing formal infrastructure to address soldiers' health needs, the Union created a pathway for women's large-scale institutional involvement in the war effort.
B. Women’s contributions during the Civil War were largely restricted to domestic support activities far from the battlefront.
C. The efforts of women to improve sanitation during the Civil War were modeled after successful Southern Confederate practices.
D. Volunteer nurses like Louisa May Alcott were celebrated primarily for their ability to uplift morale among Union soldiers through entertainment.
E. The experience of African American women during the Civil War was fundamentally transformed by access to leadership positions within Union relief organizations.
souvik101990
Expert
Alum
Joined: 19 Mar 2012
Last visit: 11 Nov 2025
Posts: 4,312
Own Kudos:
Given Kudos: 2,326
Location: United States (WA)
Concentration: Leadership, General Management
Schools: Ross '20 (M)
GMAT 1: 760 Q50 V42
GMAT 2: 740 Q49 V42 (Online)
GMAT 3: 760 Q50 V42 (Online)
GPA: 3.8
WE:Marketing (Non-Profit and Government)
Products:
Expert reply
15 Apr 2018, 06:49
Kudos
Bookmarks
Official Solution:
With the outbreak of the civil war which ran through 1861-65, women and men alike eagerly volunteered to fight for the cause. In the Northern states, women organized ladies' aid societies to supply the Union troops with everything they needed, from food (they baked and canned and planted fruit and vegetable gardens for the soldiers) to clothing (they sewed and laundered uniforms, knitted socks and gloves, mended blankets and embroidered quilts and pillowcases) to cash (they organized door-to-door fundraising campaigns, county fairs and performances of all kinds to raise money for medical supplies and other necessities).
But many women wanted to take a more active role in the war effort. Inspired by the work of Florence Nightingale and her fellow nurses in the Crimean War, they tried to find a way to work on the front lines, caring for sick and injured soldiers and keeping the rest of the Union troops healthy and safe. In June 1861, they succeeded: The federal government agreed to create "a preventive hygienic and sanitary service for the benefit of the army" called the United States Sanitary Commission. The Sanitary Commission's primary objective was to combat preventable diseases and infections by improving conditions (particularly "bad cookery" and bad hygiene) in army camps and hospitals. It also worked to provide relief to sick and wounded soldiers. By war's end, the Sanitary Commission had provided almost $15 million in supplies-the vast majority of which had been collected by women-to the Union Army.
Nearly 20,000 women worked more directly for the Union war effort. Working-class white women and free and enslaved African-American women worked as laundresses, cooks and "matrons," and some 3,000 middle-class white women worked as nurses. The activist Dorothea Dix, the superintendent of Army nurses, put out a call for responsible, maternal volunteers who would not distract the troops or behave in unseemly or unfeminine ways: Dix insisted that her nurses be "past 30 years of age, healthy, plain almost to repulsion in dress and devoid of personal attractions." (One of the most famous of these Union nurses was the writer Louisa May Alcott.) Army nurses traveled from hospital to hospital, providing "humane and efficient care for wounded, sick and dying soldiers." They also acted as mothers and housekeepers-"havens in a heartless world"-for the soldiers under their care.
The author would most likely agree with which of the following?
A. By establishing formal infrastructure to address soldiers' health needs, the Union created a pathway for women's large-scale institutional involvement in the war effort.
B. Women’s contributions during the Civil War were largely restricted to domestic support activities far from the battlefront.
C. The efforts of women to improve sanitation during the Civil War were modeled after successful Southern Confederate practices.
D. Volunteer nurses like Louisa May Alcott were celebrated primarily for their ability to uplift morale among Union soldiers through entertainment.
E. The experience of African American women during the Civil War was fundamentally transformed by access to leadership positions within Union relief organizations.
A. Correct — "formal infrastructure" = Sanitary Commission, "pathway" = new opportunity for active, large-scale participation, matching the passage's core narrative.
B. Incorrect — the passage shows women were not restricted to distant/domestic roles only; they moved toward active, frontline contributions (nursing, Sanitary Commission).
C. Incorrect — Nothing in the passage mentions Confederate practices. This is invented information trap (common on GMAT).
D. Incorrect — While morale might have been affected, the passage emphasizes medical care and motherly support, not entertainment. Plus, Alcott’s fame is tied to her writings and nursing, not entertaining troops.
E.Incorrect — African American women worked as laundresses, cooks, and matrons, but the passage does not say they gained leadership roles. This is an overreach trap.
Answer: A
With the outbreak of the civil war which ran through 1861-65, women and men alike eagerly volunteered to fight for the cause. In the Northern states, women organized ladies' aid societies to supply the Union troops with everything they needed, from food (they baked and canned and planted fruit and vegetable gardens for the soldiers) to clothing (they sewed and laundered uniforms, knitted socks and gloves, mended blankets and embroidered quilts and pillowcases) to cash (they organized door-to-door fundraising campaigns, county fairs and performances of all kinds to raise money for medical supplies and other necessities).
But many women wanted to take a more active role in the war effort. Inspired by the work of Florence Nightingale and her fellow nurses in the Crimean War, they tried to find a way to work on the front lines, caring for sick and injured soldiers and keeping the rest of the Union troops healthy and safe. In June 1861, they succeeded: The federal government agreed to create "a preventive hygienic and sanitary service for the benefit of the army" called the United States Sanitary Commission. The Sanitary Commission's primary objective was to combat preventable diseases and infections by improving conditions (particularly "bad cookery" and bad hygiene) in army camps and hospitals. It also worked to provide relief to sick and wounded soldiers. By war's end, the Sanitary Commission had provided almost $15 million in supplies-the vast majority of which had been collected by women-to the Union Army.
Nearly 20,000 women worked more directly for the Union war effort. Working-class white women and free and enslaved African-American women worked as laundresses, cooks and "matrons," and some 3,000 middle-class white women worked as nurses. The activist Dorothea Dix, the superintendent of Army nurses, put out a call for responsible, maternal volunteers who would not distract the troops or behave in unseemly or unfeminine ways: Dix insisted that her nurses be "past 30 years of age, healthy, plain almost to repulsion in dress and devoid of personal attractions." (One of the most famous of these Union nurses was the writer Louisa May Alcott.) Army nurses traveled from hospital to hospital, providing "humane and efficient care for wounded, sick and dying soldiers." They also acted as mothers and housekeepers-"havens in a heartless world"-for the soldiers under their care.
The author would most likely agree with which of the following?
A. By establishing formal infrastructure to address soldiers' health needs, the Union created a pathway for women's large-scale institutional involvement in the war effort.
B. Women’s contributions during the Civil War were largely restricted to domestic support activities far from the battlefront.
C. The efforts of women to improve sanitation during the Civil War were modeled after successful Southern Confederate practices.
D. Volunteer nurses like Louisa May Alcott were celebrated primarily for their ability to uplift morale among Union soldiers through entertainment.
E. The experience of African American women during the Civil War was fundamentally transformed by access to leadership positions within Union relief organizations.
A. Correct — "formal infrastructure" = Sanitary Commission, "pathway" = new opportunity for active, large-scale participation, matching the passage's core narrative.
B. Incorrect — the passage shows women were not restricted to distant/domestic roles only; they moved toward active, frontline contributions (nursing, Sanitary Commission).
C. Incorrect — Nothing in the passage mentions Confederate practices. This is invented information trap (common on GMAT).
D. Incorrect — While morale might have been affected, the passage emphasizes medical care and motherly support, not entertainment. Plus, Alcott’s fame is tied to her writings and nursing, not entertaining troops.
E.Incorrect — African American women worked as laundresses, cooks, and matrons, but the passage does not say they gained leadership roles. This is an overreach trap.
Answer: A
09 Aug 2019, 01:36
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The success of women to take part in the war actively and support the army was, in large part, due to the formation of The Sanitary Commission but the women were taking active participation without the m=formation of the SC too.
