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Bunuel
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My answer is (B). It took me 52 seconds.

(A) As a preposition, "from" should be followed by a noun or pronoun or such phrase, not a clause ("high-temperature metals and carbon dusts interact with the rail bed").

(B) "when" is a conjunction that introduces a clause.

(C) Even without considering its meaning, this version is incorrect because
(1) A proposition phrase "in train stations" is not parallel with a clause "when ...".
(2) Even though GMAT is not super strict with punctuation use, when there are only two items in a list, use "X and Y" rather than "X, and Y".

(D) Not a sentence.

(E) See (A) and (D).
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Bunuel
Often audible as screeching, track friction is created in train stations from high-temperature metals and carbon dusts, two common railroad waste products, interact with the rail bed.


A. friction is created in train stations fromhold

B. friction is created in train stations whenhold

C. friction is created in train stations, and when Parallelism error


No SV pair
D. friction, created in train stations when

E. friction, created in train stations from


A vs B
when is appropriate, It tells about the instant of time it happens.

IMO B
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A. friction is created in train stations from Incorrect as the sentence means TF is created when X and Y interact with Z. Use of from is incorrect here.

B. friction is created in train stations when Correct

C. friction is created in train stations, and when Incorrect as 'and' is not required

D. friction, created in train stations when Incorrect as the sentence contains no verb

E. friction, created in train stations from Incorrect as the sentence contains no verb and from is also wrong here
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Since the underlined portion of the sentence contains several prepositions, check for idiom errors. Since the latter part of the sentence is metals and carbon dusts…interact, the correct idiom is created…when, not created…from as used in the original sentence. This is an idiom error, so eliminate choice A and look for any obvious repeaters. Choice E is an obvious repeater since it also uses the construction created…from, so eliminate choice E. Now evaluate the remaining answer choices individually, looking for reasons to eliminate each.

Choice B uses the correct idiom created…when, and introduces no new errors, so keep choice B. Choice C uses the construction and when, turning when high-temperature metals…rail bed into a subordinate clause, so eliminate choice C. Choice D places a comma before created…when, incorrectly turning created in train stations when...rail bed into a subordinate clause, so eliminate choice D.

Choice A: No. This choice uses created…from instead of the correct created…when. Idiom.

Choice B: Correct

Choice C: No. This choice incorrectly creates the subordinate clause when high-temperature metals…rail bed. Clauses & Connectors.

Choice D: No. This choice incorrectly creates the subordinate clause created in train stations when...rail bed. Clauses & Connectors.

Choice E: No. This choice uses created…from instead of the correct created…when. Idiom.

The correct answer is choice B.
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