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09 Sep 2018, 00:26
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C
Be sure to select an answer first to save it in the Error Log before revealing the correct answer (OA)!
Difficulty:
85%
(hard)
Question Stats:
46% (02:02) correct
54%
(02:03)
wrong
based on 548
sessions
History
Date
Time
Result
Not Attempted Yet
Some heartburn-medication advertisements imply that unrelieved heartburn is likely to cause esophageal cancer. This is simply false. The fact is that only about 5 percent of people with severe heartburn have a condition called Barrett's esophagus, in which cells similar to those in the stomach's lining develop in the lower esophagus. Only these people have an increased risk of developing cancer because of heartburn.
"Which one of the following most accurately expresses the overall conclusion drawn in the argument?"
(A) Only those people with Barrett's esophagus can suffer an increased risk of developing cancer from heartburn."
(B) An increase in the risk of esophageal cancer arises from cells similar to those in the stomach's lining developing in the lower esophagus."
(C) Unrelieved heartburn is not likely to cause esophageal cancer."
(D) Some heartburn-medication advertisements imply that unrelieved heartburn is likely to cause esophageal cancer."
(E) The dangers touted by heartburn-medication advertisements will affect relatively few of the people who see those advertisements."
LSAT 70
"Which one of the following most accurately expresses the overall conclusion drawn in the argument?"
(A) Only those people with Barrett's esophagus can suffer an increased risk of developing cancer from heartburn."
(B) An increase in the risk of esophageal cancer arises from cells similar to those in the stomach's lining developing in the lower esophagus."
(C) Unrelieved heartburn is not likely to cause esophageal cancer."
(D) Some heartburn-medication advertisements imply that unrelieved heartburn is likely to cause esophageal cancer."
(E) The dangers touted by heartburn-medication advertisements will affect relatively few of the people who see those advertisements."
LSAT 70
09 Sep 2018, 00:30
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QUESTION TYPE: Identify The Conclusion
CONCLUSION: It’s false to think that unrelieved heartburn will probably cause esophageal cancer.
REASONING: Only those with Barrett’s esophagus have a higher risk of cancer due to heartburn. Only 5% of those who get heartburn have Barrett’s esophagus.
ANALYSIS: Any time an author gives their opinion about the truth, it’s almost certainly the conclusion.
So when the author says “this is simply false” it means that their conclusion is that they disagree with the first sentence.
This is a good argument, by the way. You might have thought that the author admitted that heartburn can cause cancer. The author did admit this. But their conclusion is that heartburn isn’t likely to cause cancer. “Likely” means “51% of the time or more” – it’s a synonym for most. So 5% of the time isn’t enough to make cancer risk “likely”.
___________
A.This is evidence that supports the conclusion that cancer risk isn’t likely.
B.This is evidence that supports the idea that those with Barrett’s esophagus do have an increased risk of cancer.
C. CORRECT.The first sentence made the claim that heartburn is likely to cause cancer. The second sentence shows that the author disagrees. When the author presents a claim and disagrees with it, that will be their conclusion.
D. This is just a fact that allows the author to make his argument. If advertisements weren’t making this claim, the author would have nothing to talk about. But the conclusion is that the author disagrees with these commercials.
E. This isn’t even true, necessarily. It’s possible that TV advertisements are so targeted that the ads are mostly seen by those with Barrett’s esophagus. So the ads would be relevant to the viewers. This targeting would be possible with ads on Hulu for example – your web browser knows a lot about you.
Src: LSATHACKS
CONCLUSION: It’s false to think that unrelieved heartburn will probably cause esophageal cancer.
REASONING: Only those with Barrett’s esophagus have a higher risk of cancer due to heartburn. Only 5% of those who get heartburn have Barrett’s esophagus.
ANALYSIS: Any time an author gives their opinion about the truth, it’s almost certainly the conclusion.
So when the author says “this is simply false” it means that their conclusion is that they disagree with the first sentence.
This is a good argument, by the way. You might have thought that the author admitted that heartburn can cause cancer. The author did admit this. But their conclusion is that heartburn isn’t likely to cause cancer. “Likely” means “51% of the time or more” – it’s a synonym for most. So 5% of the time isn’t enough to make cancer risk “likely”.
___________
A.This is evidence that supports the conclusion that cancer risk isn’t likely.
B.This is evidence that supports the idea that those with Barrett’s esophagus do have an increased risk of cancer.
C. CORRECT.The first sentence made the claim that heartburn is likely to cause cancer. The second sentence shows that the author disagrees. When the author presents a claim and disagrees with it, that will be their conclusion.
D. This is just a fact that allows the author to make his argument. If advertisements weren’t making this claim, the author would have nothing to talk about. But the conclusion is that the author disagrees with these commercials.
E. This isn’t even true, necessarily. It’s possible that TV advertisements are so targeted that the ads are mostly seen by those with Barrett’s esophagus. So the ads would be relevant to the viewers. This targeting would be possible with ads on Hulu for example – your web browser knows a lot about you.
Src: LSATHACKS
General Discussion
10 Sep 2018, 22:59
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Answer choice (A): This statement was a premise offered in support of the conclusion.
Answer choice (B): While this causal statement makes sense in the context of the stimulus, the stimulus did not include a causal statement. Rather than causality, the stimulus presented a conditional relationship, in which only the people who have cells similar to those in the stomach’s lining developing in their lower esophagus have an increased risk of developing cancer because of heartburn.
Answer choice (C): This is the correct answer choice. While the information in this answer choice is worded from a negative perspective, such that “unrelieved heartburn is not likely to cause esophageal cancer,” it is a restatement of the conclusion, that it is false to imply that unrelieved heartburn is likely to cause esophageal cancer.
Answer choice (D): This statement was a claim presented by the argument to introduce the topic and concerning which the author disagreed.
Answer choice (E): While being close to a statement presented in the stimulus, that “only 5 percent of people with severe heartburn have a condition called Barrett’s esophagus,” it is not identical to that statement. The difference between the statements is that the information in this answer choice refers to a small percentage of the people who see the advertisement, as opposed to a small percentage of people with severe heartburn.
Answer choice (B): While this causal statement makes sense in the context of the stimulus, the stimulus did not include a causal statement. Rather than causality, the stimulus presented a conditional relationship, in which only the people who have cells similar to those in the stomach’s lining developing in their lower esophagus have an increased risk of developing cancer because of heartburn.
Answer choice (C): This is the correct answer choice. While the information in this answer choice is worded from a negative perspective, such that “unrelieved heartburn is not likely to cause esophageal cancer,” it is a restatement of the conclusion, that it is false to imply that unrelieved heartburn is likely to cause esophageal cancer.
Answer choice (D): This statement was a claim presented by the argument to introduce the topic and concerning which the author disagreed.
Answer choice (E): While being close to a statement presented in the stimulus, that “only 5 percent of people with severe heartburn have a condition called Barrett’s esophagus,” it is not identical to that statement. The difference between the statements is that the information in this answer choice refers to a small percentage of the people who see the advertisement, as opposed to a small percentage of people with severe heartburn.
