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Products that are full of novel features generally have higher profit margins than simpler products. Because the stock market rewards higher returns on research and development and a company’s decisions are driven by stock prices, incumbents in any industry invest their research and development efforts on making products more complex, leaving the products that provide the lowest profit margins to competitors. However, such a strategy can easily backfire since it allows competitors to build competence and slowly come after those high margin products. Therefore, the best strategy for an incumbent is to invest to maintain leading positions in both low margin and high margin products.


In the above argument, the two boldface portions play which of the following roles?

(A) The first is a belief that the argument does not dispute; the second is a conclusion that supports another conclusion in the argument.
(B) The first is part of a reason for an observed behavior; the second is the main conclusion of the argument.
(C) The first is part of a reason for an observed behavior; the second is a belief that supports the position taken by the author.
(D) The first is an observation that the argument does not dispute; the second is a fact that supports the main conclusion of the argument.
(E) The first is a belief used to explain an observed behavior; the second is an intermediate conclusion that supports the main conclusion of the argument.


MartyMurray - Can you please help me understand how can BF2 be treated as a belief? Isn't it a conclusion since it is supported by a reason followed by- "since it allows competitors to build competence and slowly come after those high margin products."

Also why cant be BF1 belief in that case?

Thanks in advance!
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MartyMurray - Can you please help me understand how can BF2 be treated as a belief? Isn't it a conclusion since it is supported by a reason followed by- "since it allows competitors to build competence and slowly come after those high margin products."
A conclusion can be considered a belief.

Quote:
Also why cant be BF1 belief in that case?
The author states, "the stock market rewards higher returns on research and development," as fact. So, it doesn't really make sense to consider it a belief. That said, since it is something the author believes and it could potentially be disputed, the choices that call BF1 a belief are too close to correct. So, this question is not ideally written.
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MartyMurray - Can you please help me understand how can BF2 be treated as a belief? Isn't it a conclusion since it is supported by a reason followed by- "since it allows competitors to build competence and slowly come after those high margin products."
A conclusion can be considered a belief.

Quote:
Also why cant be BF1 belief in that case?
The author states, "the stock market rewards higher returns on research and development," as fact. So, it doesn't really make sense to consider it a belief. That said, since it is something the author believes and it could potentially be disputed, the choices that call BF1 a belief are too close to correct. So, this question is not ideally written.

Noted. Thank you so much for the clarification!
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HarshR9 Is this a flawed question ? I got the answer as E which is not right. MartyMurray
MartyMurray

Rishitha0311
MartyMurray - Can you please help me understand how can BF2 be treated as a belief? Isn't it a conclusion since it is supported by a reason followed by- "since it allows competitors to build competence and slowly come after those high margin products."
A conclusion can be considered a belief.

Quote:
Also why cant be BF1 belief in that case?
The author states, "the stock market rewards higher returns on research and development," as fact. So, it doesn't really make sense to consider it a belief. That said, since it is something the author believes and it could potentially be disputed, the choices that call BF1 a belief are too close to correct. So, this question is not ideally written.
­
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HarshR9 Is this a flawed question ? I got the answer as E which is not right. MartyMurray
MartyMurray

Rishitha0311
MartyMurray - Can you please help me understand how can BF2 be treated as a belief? Isn't it a conclusion since it is supported by a reason followed by- "since it allows competitors to build competence and slowly come after those high margin products."
A conclusion can be considered a belief.

Quote:
Also why cant be BF1 belief in that case?
The author states, "the stock market rewards higher returns on research and development," as fact. So, it doesn't really make sense to consider it a belief. That said, since it is something the author believes and it could potentially be disputed, the choices that call BF1 a belief are too close to correct. So, this question is not ideally written.
­
­I completely agree with Marty.

The statement - "Because the stock market rewards higher returns on research and development" is perhaps a bit ambiguous as to whether it is a factual truth or the author's belief. The author clearly considers it a fact and has presented it as such. So, at the very least, we have to keep in mind that this statement could be a factual truth. On the other hand, such a statement could also be construed as a belief held by the author (open to dispute).

That said, C is still the best choice here. I don't see how we can reject C. When I tried this question ->

(1) I initially kept A on hold. I believe BF1 "in this argument" is serving the role of a factual truth. But because it was a bit ambiguous, I kept this option open.

btw - If you think E is legit because BF1 is a belief, then how do you reject A? If we consider BF1 to be a belief, choice A also seems legit to me (unless I am missing something).

(2) B - BF2 is not the main conclusion. Reject.

(3) Absolutely no reason to reject C. At least with A, there is some ambiguity as to whether BF1 is really a belief.

BF1 is one part of two parts used as reasoning for a certain behavior. BF2 is a belief in support of the main conclusion. So, more confident about C. Keep on hold, but think it is the correct choice.

(4) BF2 is not a fact. Reject.

(5) Here, let's think logically. If BF1 being a belief is not an issue, then there is no legit reason to reject choice A. Also note - we still have zero reason to reject C.

C is the best choice.

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Basically "Because the stock market rewards higher returns on research and development" cant be a belief because it can verified by data. Hence it is fact
Quote:

Quote:
­
­I completely agree with Marty.

The statement - "Because the stock market rewards higher returns on research and development" is perhaps a bit ambiguous as to whether it is a factual truth or the author's belief. The author clearly considers it a fact and has presented it as such. So, at the very least, we have to keep in mind that this statement could be a factual truth. On the other hand, such a statement could also be construed as a belief held by the author (open to dispute).

That said, C is still the best choice here. I don't see how we can reject C. When I tried this question ->

(1) I initially kept A on hold. I believe BF1 "in this argument" is serving the role of a factual truth. But because it was a bit ambiguous, I kept this option open.

btw - If you think E is legit because BF1 is a belief, then how do you reject A? If we consider BF1 to be a belief, choice A also seems legit to me (unless I am missing something).

(2) B - BF2 is not the main conclusion. Reject.

(3) Absolutely no reason to reject C. At least with A, there is some ambiguity as to whether BF1 is really a belief.

BF1 is one part of two parts used as reasoning for a certain behavior. BF2 is a belief in support of the main conclusion. So, more confident about C. Keep on hold, but think it is the correct choice.

(4) BF2 is not a fact. Reject.

(5) Here, let's think logically. If BF1 being a belief is not an issue, then there is no legit reason to reject choice A. Also note - we still have zero reason to reject C.

C is the best choice.

___
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