In a study, scientists dissected the brains of 10,000 recently decease

Question

In a study, scientists dissected the brains of 10,000 recently deceased people who were all of similar ages and backgrounds. To minimize the risk Line of contamination and ensure optimal visual analysis of the brain tissue, the scientists washed the tissue before staining it for analysis. The scientists found that the brain tissue of deceased patients with Alzheimer's disease contained unusually high concentrations of aluminum. The aluminum was found in tissues that had lesions containing amyloid protein, a protein that damages nerve cells and has previously been shown to cause Alzheimer's. The scientists hypothesized that Alzheimer's disease results when amyloid protein grows in lesions caused by excess aluminum in the brain.

Which of the following, if true, would strengthen the scientists' hypothesis?

A. The brains of some of the deceased people who did not have Alzheimer's disease had unusually low concentrations of aluminum. 
B. Some frequently prescribed medications used to control the symptoms of Alzheimer's disease cause stomach irritation, for which patients often take antacids containing high concentrations of aluminum. 
C. Amyloid protein has also been shown to play a role in Huntington's disease and Type 2 Diabetes. 
D. When the scientists washed the brain tissue, they used water that came from the Stefl Reservoir, a source known to contain water with high concentrations of aluminum. 
E. Patients undergoing kidney dialysis sometimes experience disorientation similar to that of Alzheimer's patients due to a decrease in their ability to excrete aluminum.

mwauthor · Answer

In a study, scientists dissected the brains of 10,000 recently deceased people who were all of similar ages and backgrounds. To minimize the risk Line of contamination and ensure optimal visual analysis of the brain tissue, the scientists washed the tissue before staining it for analysis. The scientists found that the brain tissue of deceased patients with Alzheimer's disease contained unusually high concentrations of aluminum. The aluminum was found in tissues that had lesions containing amyloid protein, a protein that damages nerve cells and has previously been shown to cause Alzheimer's. The scientists hypothesized that Alzheimer's disease results when amyloid protein grows in lesions caused by excess aluminum in the brain.

Which of the following, if true, would strengthen the scientists' hypothesis?

A. The brains of some of the deceased people who did not have Alzheimer's disease had unusually low concentrations of aluminum. X
B. Some frequently prescribed medications used to control the symptoms of Alzheimer's disease cause stomach irritation, for which patients often take antacids containing high concentrations of aluminum. -Correct
C. Amyloid protein has also been shown to play a role in Huntington's disease and Type 2 Diabetes. X
D. When the scientists washed the brain tissue, they used water that came from the Stefl Reservoir, a source known to contain water with high concentrations of aluminum. X
E. Patients undergoing kidney dialysis sometimes experience disorientation similar to that of Alzheimer's patients due to a decrease in their ability to excrete aluminum. - Weaken

IMO B

swapniljain14 · Answer

Can anyone please explain why E? E is going out of scope and talking about other illness, hence should be avoided. A is somewhat strengthening the argument. Others are either Out of scope or Weakening . Hence I selected A. Kindly suggest.

atishay1712 · Answer

A. The brains of some of the deceased people who did not have Alzheimer's disease had unusually low concentrations of aluminum.  This talks about unusually low concentration of Aluminium in non Alzheimer’s patients. I, at first, also thought this might have been correct but this doesn’t necessarily strengthens that excessive aluminium is linked to Alzheimer’s  
B. Some frequently prescribed medications used to control the symptoms of Alzheimer's disease cause stomach irritation, for which patients often take antacids containing high concentrations of aluminum.  Medicines of Alzheimer’s are causing the excessive Aluminium instead of excessive Al causing Alzheimer’s. Weakens  
C. Amyloid protein has also been shown to play a role in Huntington's disease and Type 2 Diabetes.  We Don’t know anything about Huntingtons and Type 2 Diabetes  
D. When the scientists washed the brain tissue, they used water that came from the Stefl Reservoir, a source known to contain water with high concentrations of aluminum.  Weakens   
E. Patients undergoing kidney dialysis sometimes experience disorientation similar to that of Alzheimer's patients due to a decrease in their ability to excrete aluminum.  Correct. Even though this is linking another disease, it does explain that patients with similar disorientation are facing this problem due to excessive Aluminium. Hence this strengthens that excessive Aluminium is causing Alzheimer’s

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Carcass · Answer

OE

This strengthen question addresses the conclusion of the passage, which states that "the scientists hypothesized that Alzheimer's disease results when amyloid protein grows in lesions caused by excess aluminum of the brain." The argument presents a causal pattern, assuming that the correlation between Alzheimer's and aluminum is not a coincidence. If this correlation is not a coincidence, then the argument's conclusion is strengthened. Choice (A) is out of scope, as an unusually low concentration of aluminum in other people does not address the correlation. Choice (B) is out of scope, as the argument concludes about a cause of Alzheimer's and choice (B) reverses the cause and effect. Choice (C) is out of scope, as other diseases do not support a cause for Alzheimer's. Choice (D) is out of scope, as a high concentration of aluminum in the water would impact both sets of brains, not only those of the Alzheimer's patients. The correct answer is (E).

iipshitaaaa · Answer

Conclusion - Excess Al levels -----> amyloid protein growth ---> alzeheimer

A. The brains of some of the deceased people who did not have Alzheimer's disease had unusually low concentrations of aluminum. - Doesnt really say if low Al levels is the cause of no alzeheimer's or is no alzheimer because of low Al. (Wrong)

E. Patients undergoing kidney dialysis sometimes experience disorientation similar to that of Alzheimer's patients due to a decrease in their ability to excrete aluminum. - Clearly states that high Al levels are causing Alzheimer like symptoms. (Correct)

In a study, scientists dissected the brains of 10,000 recently decease

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In a study, scientists dissected the brains of 10,000 recently decease

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