Hi everyone,
Got all correct in 12:45 minutes, including 4:30 minutes to read and 8:15 minutes to answer the questions.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------P1In the first paragraph the author claims that war has radically changed and that there are new factors and parameters ant play and to take into consideration.
Purpose: To claim that war has radically changed and how.
P2In this paragraph the author claims that war does not have utility anymore. In the paragraph the author makes many examples to strengthen such claim.
Purpose: To claim that war has lost its utility.
P3In this paragraph the author lists what were considered as the positive outcomes of war.
Purpose: To present which were the positive outcomes of war.
Main pointTo claim that war has radically changed and lost its utility.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1. The primary purpose of the passage is to
Pre-thinking
Main point question
To claim that war has radically changed and lost its utility.
(A) t
heorize about the role of the warrior-statesman in pre-modernized society
(B)
explain the effects of war on both modernized and pre-modernized societies
(C) contrast the value of war in a modernized society with its value in pre-modernized society
correct, the author focuses on the contrast throughout all the passage(D) discuss the political and economic circumstances which lead to war in pre-modernized societies
partial scope(E) examine the influence of the development of nuclear weapons on the possibility of war
partial scope --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2. According to the passage, leaders of premodernized society considered war to be
Pre-thinking
Detail question
We should refer to the information of paragraph 3 to answer this question.
(A) a valid tool of national policy Mentioned in P3
(B) an immoral act of aggression opposite, from war came pride per P3
(C) economically wasteful and socially unfeasible opposite
(D) restricted in scope to military participants the scope included also other people per P3
(E) necessary to spur development of unoccupied lands not mentioned
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
3. The author most likely places the word “civilized” in quotation marks (Highlighted) in order to
Pre-thinking
Function question
The author clearly thinks that civilized is not the correct adjective here.
(A) show dissatisfaction at not having found a better word dissatisfaction is out of scope and we don't have elements to infer that the author was dissatisfied
(B) acknowledge that the word was borrowed from another source we don't have elements to infer this option
(C) express irony that war should be a part of civilization correct. Hence the usage of the adjective civilized is incorrect
(D) impress upon the reader the tragedy of war not in line with pre-thinking
(E) raise a question about the value of war in modernized society out of scope
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------4. The author mentions all of the following as possible reasons
for going to war in a pre-modernized society EXCEPT
Pre-thinking
Detail question
The information that we are looking for is present in P3.
(A) possibility of material gain
the most obvious of which were the stored wealth of the defeated.(B) promoting deserving young men to higher positions
This information is mentioned in P3 but it is a little bit distorted here. Logically a nation does not go to war to promote young men. Hence this option does not represent a reason to go to war and it is correct(C) potential for increasing the security of the nation
The removal or destruction of a threat brought a sense of security(D) desire to capture productive farming lands
Equally important was human labor—control over people as slaves or levies for the victor’s army—and the productive capacity of agricultural lands and mines.(E) need for workers to fill certain jobs Couldn't really pinpoint where this information is...
SajjadAhmad any idea? maybe this part:
Equally important was human labor --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------5. The author is primarily concerned with discussing how
Pre-thinking
Main point question
To claim that war has radically changed and lost its utility.
(A) political decisions are reached
the how aspect of this option is not discussed(B) economic and social conditions have changed
although this option is true, it is way too general for this passage(C) technology for making war has improved
mentioned in P1 but that's it(D) armed conflict has changed
again, mentioned in P1 but the rest of the passage focuses on aspects such as utility and benefits of war in the past.(E) war lost its value as a policy tool
correct and broad enough. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
6. Which of the following best describes the tone of the passage?
Pre-thinking
Tone question
The tone of this passage is quite flat. There is no optimism, skepticism, enthusiasm nor criticism...
(A) Outraged and indignant the author is not outraged
(B) Scientific and detached
(C) Humorous and wry nothing humorous in this passage
(D) Fearful and alarmed alarmed might a little bit match the first paragraph but fearful is definitely too extreme
(E) Concerned and optimistic while concerned might be okay, optimism is not present
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------7. With which of the following statements about a successfully completed program of nuclear disarmament would the author most likely agree?
Pre-thinking
Inference question
Let's evaluate the options.
(A) Without nuclear weapons, war in modernized society would have the same value it had in pre-modernized society.
Even without nuclear weapons, war still has lost its utility. Incorrect(B) In the absence of the danger of nuclear war, national leaders could use powerful conventional weapons to make great gains from war.
Nowhere we can infer this option(C) Eliminating nuclear weapons is likely to increase the danger of an all-out, worldwide military engagement.
Incorrect per the following lines: The benefits of forcing another nation to surrender its wealth are vastly outweighed by the benefits of persuading that nation to produce and exchange goods and services. In brief, imperialism no longer pays.
(D) Even without the danger of a nuclear disaster, the costs of winning a war have made armed conflict on a large scale virtually obsolete.
Correct: The benefits of forcing another nation to surrender its wealth are vastly outweighed by the benefits of persuading that nation to produce and exchange goods and services. In brief, imperialism no longer pays.
(E) War is caused by aggressive instincts, so if nuclear weapons were no longer available, national leaders would use conventional weapons to reach the same end.
The first part of this option is nowhere supported in the passage. Hence incorrect --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------It's a great day to be alive!