|
Author |
Message |
|
TAGS:
|
|
|
Veritas Prep GMAT Instructor
Joined: 16 Oct 2010
Posts: 8385
Location: Pune, India
|
Re: When 51^25 is divided by 13, the remainder obtained is:
[#permalink]
Show Tags
 11 Jan 2016, 23:39
naveenq wrote: E.g. What is the remainder when 10^5 is divided by 13?
From binomial method, we can take (13-3)^5/13
Next, we're left with (-3)^5/13
Two things - 1st, if I go the long route and take patterns then
3^1 / 13 = R3
3^2 / 13 = R4
3^3 / 13 = R1
and the pattern repeats, in 3's.
so, now, (-3)^5, i know the answer is R4.
However, finding the pattern is time-consuming. Can you help me understand how I can use the binomial theorem for the negative base?
(-3)^5 / 13
THANK YOU!! (-3)^5/13 Since the power is odd, the negative sign remains. Don't worry about it just yet. -3^5/13 Note that 3^3 = 27 which is 1 more than a multiple of 13. -27 * 9/13 -(26+1) * 9/13 Remainder is -9/13 So we have a remainder of -9. This means that remainder is actually 4. For more on negative remainders, see: http://www.veritasprep.com/blog/2014/03 ... -the-gmat/
_________________
Karishma
Veritas Prep GMAT Instructor
Learn more about how Veritas Prep can help you achieve a great GMAT score by checking out their GMAT Prep Options >
GMAT self-study has never been more personalized or more fun. Try ORION Free!
|
|
|
|
|
|
Intern
Joined: 10 Feb 2011
Posts: 2
|
When 51^25 is divided by 13, the remainder obtained is:
[#permalink]
Show Tags
04 Dec 2016, 11:49
VeritasPrepKarishma wrote: LM wrote: When 51^25 is divided by 13, the remainder obtained is:
A. 12
B. 10
C. 2
D. 1
E. 0 The method used by Bunuel above is the best way to get to the answer. Some time back, I wrote a post detailing the method. Here is the link: (Had to delete the veritas link since I have never posted before on GMAT Club)Once you go through it, this question should be very easy for you. I haven't been able to go through all the replies on this post here and I don't consider myself great at math, but wanted to look at an alternative way of doing this question and remaining within the domains of the GMAT topics (I'd think it would be harsh if the people there started checking us on advanced topics like Binomial Theorem). So let's do prime factorization. 51^25 = (3*17)^25 = (3^25)*(17^25) Using the Last Digit of a Power (pg 14 of GMAT Club Math Book for people unaware of this method), powers of 3 have cyclicality of 4, therefore last digit (3^25) = last digit(3^1) 17^25 would basically check cyclicality of the power of 7 (which is 4), i.e. last digit (17^25) = last digit (17^1). We can therefore simply write (3*17)^25 as (3*17) or 51. When you divide 51/13, you get 12 as the remainder. I can't judge if it is as quicker as the method above, but I definitely think it is simpler to understand.
|
|
|
|
|
|
Intern
Joined: 22 Jul 2016
Posts: 11
|
Re: When 51^25 is divided by 13, the remainder obtained is:
[#permalink]
Show Tags
04 Dec 2016, 20:13
I don't get 12 when I plug (51^25)/13 in to a calculator to see what comes out. What am I misunderstanding about the question?
|
|
|
|
|
|
Veritas Prep GMAT Instructor
Joined: 16 Oct 2010
Posts: 8385
Location: Pune, India
|
Re: When 51^25 is divided by 13, the remainder obtained is:
[#permalink]
Show Tags
04 Dec 2016, 20:59
DonnieDrastic wrote: I don't get 12 when I plug (51^25)/13 in to a calculator to see what comes out. What am I misunderstanding about the question? There are two different ways of expressing the result of a division: Say, I tell you the following: Divide 11 by 4. What do you get? You could answer me with one of the following: Case 1: You could say, “I get 2.75” Case 2: You could say, “I get 2 as the quotient and 3 as the remainder.” Either ways, you are correct. 11/4 = (2 ¾) When you use the decimal form, you get a .75 which you add to 2 to give you 2.75. This .75 is nothing but the way you express the remainder 3. When you divide 11 by 4, 4 goes into 11 two times and then 3 is left over. When 4 goes into 3, you get 0.75 which is ¾. That is the reason why you can write 11/4 as (2 ¾) in mixed fractions. The calculator gives you the result of case 1. Anyway, the calculator will give you an approximate value. This question asks you for the remainder, as in case 2.
_________________
Karishma
Veritas Prep GMAT Instructor
Learn more about how Veritas Prep can help you achieve a great GMAT score by checking out their GMAT Prep Options >
GMAT self-study has never been more personalized or more fun. Try ORION Free!
|
|
|
|
|
|
Veritas Prep GMAT Instructor
Joined: 16 Oct 2010
Posts: 8385
Location: Pune, India
|
Re: When 51^25 is divided by 13, the remainder obtained is:
[#permalink]
Show Tags
04 Dec 2016, 22:05
omairanw wrote: VeritasPrepKarishma wrote: LM wrote: When 51^25 is divided by 13, the remainder obtained is:
A. 12
B. 10
C. 2
D. 1
E. 0 The method used by Bunuel above is the best way to get to the answer. Some time back, I wrote a post detailing the method. Here is the link: (Had to delete the veritas link since I have never posted before on GMAT Club)Once you go through it, this question should be very easy for you. I haven't been able to go through all the replies on this post here and I don't consider myself great at math, but wanted to look at an alternative way of doing this question and remaining within the domains of the GMAT topics (I'd think it would be harsh if the people there started checking us on advanced topics like Binomial Theorem). So let's do prime factorization. 51^25 = (3*17)^25 = (3^25)*(17^25) Using the Last Digit of a Power (pg 14 of GMAT Club Math Book for people unaware of this method), powers of 3 have cyclicality of 4, therefore last digit (3^25) = last digit(3^1) 17^25 would basically check cyclicality of the power of 7 (which is 4), i.e. last digit (17^25) = last digit (17^1). We can therefore simply write (3*17)^25 as (3*17) or 51. When you divide 51/13, you get 12 as the remainder. I can't judge if it is as quicker as the method above, but I definitely think it is simpler to understand. Cyclicity can help you find the remainder only in case of division by 2, 5 or 10. Check this post to know why: https://www.veritasprep.com/blog/2015/1 ... questions/The last digit will not decide the remainder in every case in case the divisor is other than 2, 5 or 10.
_________________
Karishma
Veritas Prep GMAT Instructor
Learn more about how Veritas Prep can help you achieve a great GMAT score by checking out their GMAT Prep Options >
GMAT self-study has never been more personalized or more fun. Try ORION Free!
|
|
|
|
|
|
Intern
Joined: 02 Oct 2016
Posts: 35
|
Re: When 51^25 is divided by 13, the remainder obtained is:
[#permalink]
Show Tags
24 Jan 2017, 01:59
BunuelHi Bunuel, I solved this using the remainder and cyclicity method and got the correct answer. Can you please tell me if this is just a coincidence? By applying cyclicity of 4: 51^25 ~ 51^1 Therefore, 51/13 ---> Remainder = 12
|
|
|
|
|
|
Math Expert
Joined: 02 Sep 2009
Posts: 49915
|
Re: When 51^25 is divided by 13, the remainder obtained is:
[#permalink]
Show Tags
24 Jan 2017, 02:42
|
|
|
|
|
|
Senior Manager
Status: love the club...
Joined: 24 Mar 2015
Posts: 267
|
Re: When 51^25 is divided by 13, the remainder obtained is:
[#permalink]
Show Tags
04 Sep 2017, 00:33
Bunuel wrote: LM wrote: When 51^25 is divided by 13, the remainder obtained is:
A. 12
B. 10
C. 2
D. 1
E. 0 \(51^{25}=(52-1)^{25}\), now if we expand this expression all terms but the last one will have \(52=13*4\) in them, thus will leave no remainder upon division by 13, the last term will be \((-1)^{25}=-1\). Thus the question becomes: what is the remainder upon division -1 by 13? The answer to this question is 12: \(-1=13*(-1)+12\). Answer: A. hi 51^25 here the last digit of 51 is 1, and the cyclicity of 1 is 1. So, the unit digit of 51^25 will be 1 thus, 1, when divided by 13 will produce a quotient "0" and will leave a remainder "1", and I am stumped here ...  please help me understand the problem ... thanks in advance ...
|
|
|
|
|
|
Math Expert
Joined: 02 Sep 2009
Posts: 49915
|
Re: When 51^25 is divided by 13, the remainder obtained is:
[#permalink]
Show Tags
04 Sep 2017, 00:36
gmatcracker2017 wrote: Bunuel wrote: LM wrote: When 51^25 is divided by 13, the remainder obtained is:
A. 12
B. 10
C. 2
D. 1
E. 0 \(51^{25}=(52-1)^{25}\), now if we expand this expression all terms but the last one will have \(52=13*4\) in them, thus will leave no remainder upon division by 13, the last term will be \((-1)^{25}=-1\). Thus the question becomes: what is the remainder upon division -1 by 13? The answer to this question is 12: \(-1=13*(-1)+12\). Answer: A. hi 51^25 here the last digit of 51 is 1, and the cyclicity of 1 is 1. So, the unit digit of 51^25 will be 1 thus, 1, when divided by 13 will produce a quotient "0" and will leave a remainder "1", and I am stumped here ... please help me understand the problem ... thanks in advance ... You cannot do this way. For example, 1 divided by 13 gives the remainder of 1 but 21 divided by 13 gives the remainder of 8. There are many different approaches and links to the underlying theory on previous 5 pages of the discussion.
_________________
New to the Math Forum?
Please read this: Ultimate GMAT Quantitative Megathread | All You Need for Quant | PLEASE READ AND FOLLOW: 12 Rules for Posting!!!
Resources:
GMAT Math Book | Triangles | Polygons | Coordinate Geometry | Factorials | Circles | Number Theory | Remainders; 8. Overlapping Sets | PDF of Math Book; 10. Remainders | GMAT Prep Software Analysis | SEVEN SAMURAI OF 2012 (BEST DISCUSSIONS) | Tricky questions from previous years.
Collection of Questions:
PS: 1. Tough and Tricky questions; 2. Hard questions; 3. Hard questions part 2; 4. Standard deviation; 5. Tough Problem Solving Questions With Solutions; 6. Probability and Combinations Questions With Solutions; 7 Tough and tricky exponents and roots questions; 8 12 Easy Pieces (or not?); 9 Bakers' Dozen; 10 Algebra set. ,11 Mixed Questions, 12 Fresh Meat
DS: 1. DS tough questions; 2. DS tough questions part 2; 3. DS tough questions part 3; 4. DS Standard deviation; 5. Inequalities; 6. 700+ GMAT Data Sufficiency Questions With Explanations; 7 Tough and tricky exponents and roots questions; 8 The Discreet Charm of the DS; 9 Devil's Dozen!!!; 10 Number Properties set., 11 New DS set.
What are GMAT Club Tests?
Extra-hard Quant Tests with Brilliant Analytics
|
|
|
|
|
|
Manager
Joined: 24 Jun 2017
Posts: 122
|
Re: When 51^25 is divided by 13, the remainder obtained is:
[#permalink]
Show Tags
04 Sep 2017, 16:33
via fermat theorem
a^(p-1)= 1 mod p where a is an integer and p prime
as 51 contains 13 it can be rewritten and simplified 51/13 remainder 12
12^(13-1) = 1 mod 13
12^25 = 12^(12*2+1)= 12
|
|
|
|
|
|
Manager
Joined: 21 Feb 2017
Posts: 76
|
Re: When 51^25 is divided by 13, the remainder obtained is:
[#permalink]
Show Tags
29 Sep 2017, 00:13
[i]
Hello Bunuel and Karishma,
Can anyone from you, please tell me the limitation of cyclic rule? So far i was using that rule blindly for all question. But it has not worked for this particular problem.[i]
|
|
|
|
|
|
Veritas Prep GMAT Instructor
Joined: 16 Oct 2010
Posts: 8385
Location: Pune, India
|
Re: When 51^25 is divided by 13, the remainder obtained is:
[#permalink]
Show Tags
29 Sep 2017, 01:12
goalMBA1990 wrote: [i]
Hello Bunuel and Karishma,
Can anyone from you, please tell me the limitation of cyclic rule? So far i was using that rule blindly for all question. But it has not worked for this particular problem.[i] Cyclicity helps you figure out the units digit in every case. Also, it has nothing to do with remainders. In some cases, the units digit helps you figure out the remainder, more specifically in case of division by 2, 5 or 10. https://www.veritasprep.com/blog/2015/1 ... questions/https://www.veritasprep.com/blog/2015/1 ... ns-part-2/
_________________
Karishma
Veritas Prep GMAT Instructor
Learn more about how Veritas Prep can help you achieve a great GMAT score by checking out their GMAT Prep Options >
GMAT self-study has never been more personalized or more fun. Try ORION Free!
|
|
|
|
|
|
Intern
Joined: 02 Oct 2016
Posts: 4
|
Re: When 51^25 is divided by 13, the remainder obtained is:
[#permalink]
Show Tags
21 Feb 2018, 08:07
LM wrote: When 51^25 is divided by 13, the remainder obtained is:
A. 12
B. 10
C. 2
D. 1
E. 0 Remainder (A * B) = R(A)*R(B) Therefore 51^25/13 = [51*51*51*51....(25 times)] / 13 = [12*12*12.........(25 times)] / 13 (As 51/13 is 12) = [144*144..........(12 times) *12] / 13 ( Grouping two adjacent 12's together so finally one 12 will be left) = [1*1*1.............(12 times) *12] / 13 (144/13 is 1) = 12 / 13 = 12
|
|
|
|
|
|
VP
Status: It's near - I can see.
Joined: 13 Apr 2013
Posts: 1264
Location: India
Concentration: International Business, Operations
GPA: 3.01
WE: Engineering (Consulting)
|
Re: When 51^25 is divided by 13, the remainder obtained is:
[#permalink]
Show Tags
29 Mar 2018, 23:02
VeritasPrepKarishma wrote: LM wrote: When 51^25 is divided by 13, the remainder obtained is:
A. 12
B. 10
C. 2
D. 1
E. 0 The method used by Bunuel above is the best way to get to the answer. Some time back, I wrote a post detailing the method. Here is the link: http://www.veritasprep.com/blog/2011/05 ... ek-in-you/Once you go through it, this question should be very easy for you. Mam, why cyclicity method does not work here. I marked answer 1 thinking 1/13 remainder "1"
_________________
"Do not watch clock; Do what it does. KEEP GOING."
|
|
|
|
|
|
Senior Manager
Status: love the club...
Joined: 24 Mar 2015
Posts: 267
|
Re: When 51^25 is divided by 13, the remainder obtained is:
[#permalink]
Show Tags
30 Mar 2018, 02:09
disharupani wrote: Hey, I didn't understand:
When -1 is divided by 13 how can the reminder be 12?
If I substitute in the equation -1=13q+r, so how can we arrive at r=12? hi I will try to help you okay, think about simple division, when you divide 5 by 2, you get 2 as quotient and 1 as remainder, because 4 is the greatest integer less than 5 now, on the same line of reasoning, when you divide -1 by 13, -13 is the greatest integer less than -1, and thus 12 is the remainder hope this helps and is clear! thanks and cheers! 
|
|
|
|
|
|
Veritas Prep GMAT Instructor
Joined: 16 Oct 2010
Posts: 8385
Location: Pune, India
|
Re: When 51^25 is divided by 13, the remainder obtained is:
[#permalink]
Show Tags
30 Mar 2018, 02:26
QZ wrote: VeritasPrepKarishma wrote: LM wrote: When 51^25 is divided by 13, the remainder obtained is:
A. 12
B. 10
C. 2
D. 1
E. 0 The method used by Bunuel above is the best way to get to the answer. Some time back, I wrote a post detailing the method. Here is the link: http://www.veritasprep.com/blog/2011/05 ... ek-in-you/Once you go through it, this question should be very easy for you. Mam, why cyclicity method does not work here. I marked answer 1 thinking 1/13 remainder "1" You are not dividing 1 by 13 here. You are dividing a number that ends in 1 by 13 here. We don't know what that number exactly is. Will every number ending in 1 when divided by 13 give 1 as remainder? Think about it: 11/13, remainder 11 21/13, remainder 8 31/13, remainder 5 and so on... Cyclicity does not help get the remainder in most cases. It does so in very few cases. They are discussed in this post: https://www.veritasprep.com/blog/2015/1 ... questions/https://www.veritasprep.com/blog/2015/1 ... ns-part-2/
_________________
Karishma
Veritas Prep GMAT Instructor
Learn more about how Veritas Prep can help you achieve a great GMAT score by checking out their GMAT Prep Options >
GMAT self-study has never been more personalized or more fun. Try ORION Free!
|
|
|
|
|
|
Intern
Joined: 02 Oct 2016
Posts: 25
|
Re: When 51^25 is divided by 13, the remainder obtained is:
[#permalink]
Show Tags
08 Apr 2018, 06:58
5125=(52−1)255125=(52−1)25 , now if we expand this expression all terms but the last one will have 52=13∗452=13∗4 in them, thus will leave no remainder upon division by 13, the last term will be (−1)25=−1(−1)25=−1. Thus the question becomes: what is the remainder upon division -1 by 13? The answer to this question is 12: −1=13∗(−1)+12−1=13∗(−1)+12.
Answer: A.
|
|
|
|
|
|
Intern
Joined: 09 May 2018
Posts: 22
|
Re: When 51^25 is divided by 13, the remainder obtained is:
[#permalink]
Show Tags
26 May 2018, 04:06
I was having hard time understanding why remainder is not simply -1 as -1/13 means that we could have simply done it as: 13(0)+(-1).
Thereafter I myself realised that remainder can never be less than zero and hence it has been multiplied by minimum possible integer to equate further i.e. 1.
Incase I am wrong, please correct. If not, this might be useful for somebody who might be having trouble understanding the same.
Thanks
|
|
|
|
|
|
Intern
Joined: 21 Jan 2017
Posts: 33
|
Re: When 51^25 is divided by 13, the remainder obtained is:
[#permalink]
Show Tags
30 May 2018, 00:54
VeritasPrepKarishma wrote: LM wrote: When 51^25 is divided by 13, the remainder obtained is:
A. 12
B. 10
C. 2
D. 1
E. 0 The method used by Bunuel above is the best way to get to the answer. Some time back, I wrote a post detailing the method. Here is the link: http://www.veritasprep.com/blog/2011/05 ... ek-in-you/Once you go through it, this question should be very easy for you. Just loved the way you have explained Karishma! The struggle(remainder problems :/) that I have faced from 2 hours is now relieved. Thanks a lot 
|
|
|
|
|
|
Intern
Joined: 05 Mar 2015
Posts: 49
Location: Azerbaijan
GMAT 1: 530 Q42 V21 GMAT 2: 600 Q42 V31 GMAT 3: 700 Q47 V38
|
Re: When 51^25 is divided by 13, the remainder obtained is:
[#permalink]
Show Tags
05 Aug 2018, 08:07
Can someone explain why -1/13 leaves remainder of 12?
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Re: When 51^25 is divided by 13, the remainder obtained is: &nbs
[#permalink]
05 Aug 2018, 08:07
|
|
|
|
|
Go to page
Previous
1 2 3
[ 60 posts ]
|
|
|
|
|
|
close
