OAs with "who" in the end will suit the pronoun antecedent Hands Holbein.
(b),(d) out

have been recognizing is incorrect,the sentence is not in a flow where Hands Holbein was recognized long ago and continuously was recognized by scholars.
(a) out

now (c) vs (e)
"being" usage is improper in (e), also, "and who"is incorrect , (and who -can be used when two different qualities of the subject is enlisted but when "as a "is already introduces in the sentence then only "who"will follow later in the line.

eg:-Jon is the guy who is known for his maths skills and who is the least recognized guy in sports.
Maria is known as a computer guru of the college who teaches software.

Hope this was helpful !

In C, who clearly refers to Hands Holbein. Others, it is ambiguous!

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Answer is C
While Hans Holbein the Younger is most often identified with his English portraits, scholars have long been recognizing him as a superb draftsman and a remarkably versatile artist and who was fundamental in synthesizing the novelties of the Italian Renaissance with the rational tradition of Northern Europe.

(A) been recognizing him as a superb draftsman and a remarkably versatile artist and who
the act of recognising can not keep on going indefinitely. Acknowledgement is done and then the fact is established.

(B) been recognizing him for being a superb draftsman and a remarkably versatile artist and he
the act of recognising can not keep on going indefinitely. Acknowledgement is done and then the fact is established.

(C) recognized him as a superb draftsman and a remarkably versatile artist who
correct

(D) recognized him as a superb draftsman and a remarkably versatile artist and he
and he wrong

(E) recognized him for being a superb draftsman and a remarkably versatile artist and who
being wrong, and who wrong
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'and' in all the choices but C needs a parallel element, which is absent in all the choices.

Hence C is the answer
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Hi, I answer right the question but I was wondering weather C is right if we add a coma after artist?

recognized him as a superb draftsman and a remarkably versatile artist, and he

I think C is still wrong.

The question makes a contrast using "while", so "and" makes a wrong contribution to this question.
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But how the who can also make a contrast ? As bschooladmit said that who refer to Hans and therefore , and he should also refer to Hans right?

In C, "who" refers to "a remarkably versatile artist", and "him" refers to "Hans Holbein the Younger"
Using "who" here to introduce new information
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in D.
the idea in the ending clause is not closely connected with the beginning clause. ideas in the sentence are not closely connected. D is wrong.

this choice is hard to eliminated . but if we read C, clearly, choice D is much better.

D changes meaning, and D does not fit the structure "while...,scholars...."

While Hans Holbein the Younger is most often identified with his English portraits, scholars have long been recognizing him as a superb draftsman and a remarkably versatile artist and who was fundamental in synthesizing the novelties of the Italian Renaissance with the rational tradition of Northern Europe.

(A) been recognizing him as a superb draftsman and a remarkably versatile artist and who "Recognize" is a one time activity - once "recognized", there is no need to keep repeating it. Incorrect use of present continuous tense "been recognizing" - simple past would suffice ("long..."). Also, "a superb draftsman..." and "who was fundamental..." are not parallel. Eliminate.

(B) been recognizing him for being a superb draftsman and a remarkably versatile artist and he Same errors as in (A). Also, "a superb draftsman..." and "he was fundamental..." are not parallel. Eliminate.

(C) recognized him as a superb draftsman and a remarkably versatile artist who Correct answer - above errors have been rectified and no new errors are introduced.

(D) recognized him as a superb draftsman and a remarkably versatile artist and he Same parallelism error as in (B). Eliminate.

(E) recognized him for being a superb draftsman and a remarkably versatile artist and who Same parallelism error as in (A). Eliminate.

Hope this helps.
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