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01 Dec 2019, 08:55
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Difficulty:
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Question Stats:
84% (01:10) correct
16%
(01:16)
wrong
based on 532
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Young children are advised to consume Vitamin D, a necessary ingredient for the regulation of calcium and phosphate in the bloodstream, in order to strengthen their immune systems and avoid bone disorders like osteomalacia. Vitamin D is found both in fatty fish (including salmon, tuna, and mackerel) and in beef liver.
Which of the following statements can be inferred from the passage above?
(A) Children who do not consume large amounts of fatty fish rich in Vitamin D run a high risk of developing bone disorders.
(B) Seniors should consume fatty fish and beef liver to strengthen their immune systems.
(C) Vitamin D is naturally produced by the skin when the body is exposed to sunlight.
(D) Young children can reduce the risk of acquiring osteomalacia by consuming tuna or salmon.
(E) It is safer to obtain Vitamin D from natural sources such as fish and beef than it is to take Vitamin D supplements.
Which of the following statements can be inferred from the passage above?
(A) Children who do not consume large amounts of fatty fish rich in Vitamin D run a high risk of developing bone disorders.
(B) Seniors should consume fatty fish and beef liver to strengthen their immune systems.
(C) Vitamin D is naturally produced by the skin when the body is exposed to sunlight.
(D) Young children can reduce the risk of acquiring osteomalacia by consuming tuna or salmon.
(E) It is safer to obtain Vitamin D from natural sources such as fish and beef than it is to take Vitamin D supplements.
08 Dec 2019, 10:46
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Though choice C states a true fact, that detail is not suggested by any of the information in the passage. Choices E and B both might be true, but nothing in the passage refers to seniors or vitamin D supplements; therefore, even though both are probable, neither can be inferred from the text.
This leaves us with answer choices A and D. If we think about them carefully, it should be clear that D is the more logical inference. Osteomalacia is a bone disorder. Children can avoid bone disorders by consuming Vitamin D. Vitamin D is found in fatty fish. Tuna and salmon are both fatty fish. By syllogism we can deduce: Young children consuming tuna and salmon ⇒ reduced risk of osteomalacia. Choice D is correct.
Choice A is a tricky distractor, because it seems to be vaguely implied by the excerpt; ultimately, however, choice A is too extreme. The phrases "large amount" and "high risk" make this too strong to be a natural consequence. Also, just because Vitamin D helps prevent bone disorders, it does not follow that not consuming Vitamin D generates a "high risk" of getting bone disorders; other foods may be equally helpful in the reduction of bone disease, and it is plausible that a person might stop taking Vitamin D in order to increase intake of some other bone-beneficial substance.
This leaves us with answer choices A and D. If we think about them carefully, it should be clear that D is the more logical inference. Osteomalacia is a bone disorder. Children can avoid bone disorders by consuming Vitamin D. Vitamin D is found in fatty fish. Tuna and salmon are both fatty fish. By syllogism we can deduce: Young children consuming tuna and salmon ⇒ reduced risk of osteomalacia. Choice D is correct.
Choice A is a tricky distractor, because it seems to be vaguely implied by the excerpt; ultimately, however, choice A is too extreme. The phrases "large amount" and "high risk" make this too strong to be a natural consequence. Also, just because Vitamin D helps prevent bone disorders, it does not follow that not consuming Vitamin D generates a "high risk" of getting bone disorders; other foods may be equally helpful in the reduction of bone disease, and it is plausible that a person might stop taking Vitamin D in order to increase intake of some other bone-beneficial substance.
