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605-655 Level|   Clauses|   Modifiers|   Pronouns|         
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sayantanc2k
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Young female ballet dancers and gymnasts sometimes fail to maintain 22 Apr 2016, 09:38
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gmantri18
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Young female ballet dancers and gymnasts sometimes fail to maintain good eating habits caused by the desire to be as thin as possible.

(A) Young female ballet dancers and gymnasts sometimes fail to maintain good eating habits caused by the desire to be as thin as possible.
(B) Good eating habits sometimes fail to be maintained by young female ballet dancers and gymnasts caused by desiring to be as thin as possible.
(C) Because they desire to be as thin as possible, good eating habits are sometimes not maintained by young female ballet dancers and gymnasts.
(D) Because they desire to be as thin as possible, young female ballet dancers and gymnasts sometimes fail to maintain good eating habits.
(E) Young female dancers and gymnasts sometimes fail to maintain good eating habits because they desire to be as thin as possible.

[b]In option E) the word ballet is absent and this changes the meaning. We always have to stick to the meaning, which the original sentence conveys [/b]

That seems to be a typo. It is very unlikely that one would intentionally incorporate such an error in the answer. The above discussion ignores the fact that "ballet" is missing from option E.

In that case, both D and E would be correct. The reason for eliminating E that the author of the question stated , that the pronoun "they" is ambiguous, may not be sufficient enough to eliminate the answer. Such pronoun usages have been accepted in some instances in GMAT.

okay, thanks. just one last question, between which two is the ambiguity in option E ? The good eating habits and young dancers & gymnasts ??

780 in GMAT...holly **** !! tumi to fatiye diyecho dada :wink:
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Yes, "good eating habits" and "young dancers & gymnasts" are the two antecedents the pronoun "they" could refer to - nonetheless, this would probably not be considered ambiguous - "they", being subject of a clause clearly refers to the subject (" Young dancers and gymnasts") of another clause in the sentence (by virtue of parallelism).

Dhonyobad bhai ! :)
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Young female ballet dancers and gymnasts sometimes fail to maintain 16 Aug 2017, 03:24
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Is there a typo in this question? "Young female ballet dancers and gymnasts" is a plural subject that requires a plural verb "sometime". Experts, please provide feedback
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Young female ballet dancers and gymnasts sometimes fail to maintain 31 Aug 2017, 18:53
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gatreya14 The verb here is "fail," which is plural. "Sometimes" is an adverb (it indicates when/how the dancers fail), and we don't adjust adverbs for singular/plural.
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Young female ballet dancers and gymnasts sometimes fail to maintain 01 Nov 2017, 05:34
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VeritasPrepKarishma

Hi,

Can you please explain how "they" is ambiguous in E here when the subject for E is clearly Young female ballet dancers and gymnasts
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Young female ballet dancers and gymnasts sometimes fail to maintain 01 Nov 2017, 05:57
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Poorvasha
VeritasPrepKarishma

Hi,

Can you please explain how "they" is ambiguous in E here when the subject for E is clearly Young female ballet dancers and gymnasts
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The point is that you have a better option where the ambiguity issue does not arise. In (E), since they is placed closer to "good eating habits", in another context, they could easily refer them. So you pick the option where there is no question of any ambiguity.
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Young female ballet dancers and gymnasts sometimes fail to maintain 13 Nov 2017, 21:06
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Aside from the meaning issues,

Is there any grammatical problem in (A) ?

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Young female ballet dancers and gymnasts sometimes fail to maintain 15 Nov 2017, 14:57
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bluetrain
Aside from the meaning issues,

Is there any grammatical problem in (A) ?

mikemcgarry
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Dear bluetrain,

I'm happy to respond. :-)

I have two responses to your question.
The simple answer is no. The more sophisticated answer is to point out that your question is very like asking, "aside from the fact that Person G has murdered seven people, is he a nice guy?" Meaning is the point of language. A sentence that grammatically correct but meaningless is useless.

Does all this make sense?
Mike :-)
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Young female ballet dancers and gymnasts sometimes fail to maintain 20 Nov 2017, 10:24
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Is it a possibility that we can eliminate E on the basis that in original it is mentioned ballet dancers whereas in E it says dancers...........
Just wondering............

mahakmalik

The problem with E is that the pronoun they is ambiguous. It could refer either to habits or to dancers and gymnasts.

The omission of the word ballet seems to be inadvertent; in a GMAT test, you would probably not find such omissions.
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hi sayantanc2k
I really confused with this one, in E " they" don't have an ambiguity, because habits don't desire to be thin
I remember the expert in other questions that pronoun should make sense if we want to say pronoun ambiguity

could you elaborate this?
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Young female ballet dancers and gymnasts sometimes fail to maintain 20 Nov 2017, 10:54
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soodia
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mahakmalik
Is it a possibility that we can eliminate E on the basis that in original it is mentioned ballet dancers whereas in E it says dancers...........
Just wondering............

mahakmalik

The problem with E is that the pronoun they is ambiguous. It could refer either to habits or to dancers and gymnasts.

The omission of the word ballet seems to be inadvertent; in a GMAT test, you would probably not find such omissions.


hi sayantanc2k
I really confused with this one, in E " they" don't have an ambiguity, because habits don't desire to be thin
I remember the expert in other questions that pronoun should make sense if we want to say pronoun ambiguity

could you elaborate this?
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I 've been asking this for long time, unfortunately no explanations yet. How can "good eating habits desire to be as thin as possible" in E ?I asked that back in august:)
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Young female ballet dancers and gymnasts sometimes fail to maintain 30 Nov 2017, 22:16
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deucebigalow We don't always have to have two sensible interpretations to have ambiguity. We are also trying to make the sentence as clear and easy to read as possible. While I agree that the meaning of E is clear, and I'm not sure E would appear as a wrong answer on an official question, notice that D is identical in every way except that the order dictates exactly what "they" refers to. The #1 question when we're trying to determine if something is a problem is this: Do we have a valid sentence that fixes it? D fixes this issue without introducing any new problems, so it's the winner.
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Young female ballet dancers and gymnasts sometimes fail to maintain 02 Jun 2021, 22:30
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izing
Young female ballet dancers and gymnasts sometimes fail to maintain good eating habits caused by the desire to be as thin as possible.


(A) Young female ballet dancers and gymnasts sometimes fail to maintain good eating habits caused by the desire to be as thin as possible.

(B) Good eating habits sometimes fail to be maintained by young female ballet dancers and gymnasts caused by desiring to be as thin as possible.

(C) Because they desire to be as thin as possible, good eating habits are sometimes not maintained by young female ballet dancers and gymnasts.

(D) Because they desire to be as thin as possible, young female ballet dancers and gymnasts sometimes fail to maintain good eating habits.

(E) Young female dancers and gymnasts sometimes fail to maintain good eating habits because they desire to be as thin as possible.

Show SpoilerOE
Kaplan says answer is D, I think the answer is E. Here's what Kaplan has to say, which I don't understand:
The modifier is misplaced here. What is caused by the desire to be as thin as possible? Not good eating habits, though that's the impression you could get from (A), and not the ballet dancers and gymnasts, though that's the impression you could get from (B). And who or what desires to be as thin as possible? Not good eating habits, though you could get that impression from (C) or (E), both of which use the passive voice unnecessarily and confusingly. The answer is (D), in which pronoun reference and the placement of modifiers is perfectly clear.
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Haha, Nice trick used in option E :lol:

Most of us would easily zero in on options D and E, and many of us would agree that E sounds better.
However, look closely at option E: It says "Young female dancers" , but it should be "Young female ballet dancers".
Thus, E changes the intended meaning. :P

Option D is correct.
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Young female ballet dancers and gymnasts sometimes fail to maintain 06 Apr 2022, 10:06
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ssandeepan
IMO D.

A ) Original sentence- maintain good eating habits caused by the desire to be as thin as possible - conveys wrong meaning
B ) Awkward sentence
C ) "Because they desire to be as thin as possible" can not modify "good eating habits "
D ) "Because they desire to be as thin as possible" correctly modifies young female ballet dancers - no pronoun reference error - correct answer choice
E ) they - can refer to Young female ballet dancers or good eating habits - pronoun reference error.
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Why a) conveys wrong meaning?
The Kaplan solution says:
"(A) is out because of the illogical placement of the phrase starting with "caused."
But I don't understand why is it an illogical placement
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Young female ballet dancers and gymnasts sometimes fail to maintain 07 Apr 2022, 07:16
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rrn98
ssandeepan
IMO D.

A ) Original sentence- maintain good eating habits caused by the desire to be as thin as possible - conveys wrong meaning
B ) Awkward sentence
C ) "Because they desire to be as thin as possible" can not modify "good eating habits "
D ) "Because they desire to be as thin as possible" correctly modifies young female ballet dancers - no pronoun reference error - correct answer choice
E ) they - can refer to Young female ballet dancers or good eating habits - pronoun reference error.


Why a) conveys wrong meaning?
The Kaplan solution says:
"(A) is out because of the illogical placement of the phrase starting with "caused."
But I don't understand why is it an illogical placement
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Hello rrn98,

We hope this finds you well.

To answer your query, in Option A "caused" is a past participle that acts as a noun modifier, thus it acts upon the noun "habits", illogically implying that the dancers and gymnasts fail to maintain those specific good eating habits that are caused by the desire to be as thin as possible; the intended meaning is that the dancers and gymnasts fail to maintain good eating habits, in general, because they desire to be as thin as possible.

We hope this helps.
All the best!
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Young female ballet dancers and gymnasts sometimes fail to maintain 07 Apr 2022, 13:32
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ExpertsGlobal5 thank you so much!

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Young female ballet dancers and gymnasts sometimes fail to maintain 20 Jun 2022, 09:04
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ExpertsGlobal5
Dear Friends,

Here is a detailed explanation to this question-
izing
Young female ballet dancers and gymnasts sometimes fail to maintain good eating habits caused by the desire to be as thin as possible.


(A) Young female ballet dancers and gymnasts sometimes fail to maintain good eating habits caused by the desire to be as thin as possible.

(B) Good eating habits sometimes fail to be maintained by young female ballet dancers and gymnasts caused by desiring to be as thin as possible.

(C) Because they desire to be as thin as possible, good eating habits are sometimes not maintained by young female ballet dancers and gymnasts.

(D) Because they desire to be as thin as possible, young female ballet dancers and gymnasts sometimes fail to maintain good eating habits.

(E) Young female ballet dancers and gymnasts sometimes fail to maintain good eating habits because they desire to be as thin as possible.


Meaning is crucial to solving this problem:
Understanding the intended meaning is key to solving this question; the intended meaning of this sentence is that because young female ballet dancers and gymnasts desire to be as thin as possible, they sometimes fail to maintain good eating habits.

Concepts tested here: Meaning + Modifiers + Pronouns + Awkwardness/Redundancy

• In a “phrase + comma + noun” construction, the phrase must correctly modify the noun; this is one of the most frequently tested concepts on GMAT sentence correction.

A: This answer choice alters the meaning of the sentence through the phrase "good eating habits caused by the desire to be as thin as possible"; the construction of this phrase illogically implies that the good eating habits that the ballet dancers and gymnasts sometimes fail to maintain are causedd by the desire to be as thin as possible; the intended meaning is that because the ballet dancers and gymnasts desire to be as thin as possible, they sometimes fail to maintain good eating habits.

B: This answer choice alters the meaning of the sentence through the phrase “young female ballet dancers and gymnasts caused by desiring to be as thin as possible”; the construction of this phrase illogically implies that the ballet dancers and gymnasts were caused by the desire to be as thin as possible; the intended meaning is that the ballet dancers' and gymnasts' failure to maintain good eating habits was caused by their desire to be as thin as possible. Further, Option B uses the passive voice construction “fail to be maintained”, rendering it needlessly indirect.

C: This answer choice incorrectly uses “Because they desire to be as thin as possible” to modify “good eating habits”, incorrectly implying that the eating habits themselves desire to be as thin as possible; the intended meaning is that the ballet dancers and gymnasts desire to be as thin as possible; please remember, in a “phrase + comma + noun” construction, the phrase must correctly modify the noun.

D: Correct. This answer choice correctly uses “Because they desire to be as thin as possible” to modify “young female ballet dancers and gymnasts”, conveying the intended meaning- that because young female ballet dancers and gymnasts desire to be as thin as possible, they sometimes fail to maintain good eating habits - and avoiding the pronoun error seen in Option E. Further, Option D is free of any awkwardness or redundancy.

E: Trap. This answer choice suffers from pronoun ambiguity; it is unclear whether “they” refers to “ballet dancers and gymnasts” or “eating habits”.

Hence, D is the best answer choice.

To understand the concept of "Phrase Comma Subject" and "Subject Comma Phrase" on GMAT, you may want to watch the following video (~1 minute):



All the best!
Experts' Global Team
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Hi, this is so disappointing!
Can "eating habits" desire something? How can "they" refer to eating habits. It will be very upsetting if GMAT actually designs a sentence like this.

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Young female ballet dancers and gymnasts sometimes fail to maintain 23 Jun 2022, 02:59
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souvik19
ExpertsGlobal5
Dear Friends,

Here is a detailed explanation to this question-
izing
Young female ballet dancers and gymnasts sometimes fail to maintain good eating habits caused by the desire to be as thin as possible.


(A) Young female ballet dancers and gymnasts sometimes fail to maintain good eating habits caused by the desire to be as thin as possible.

(B) Good eating habits sometimes fail to be maintained by young female ballet dancers and gymnasts caused by desiring to be as thin as possible.

(C) Because they desire to be as thin as possible, good eating habits are sometimes not maintained by young female ballet dancers and gymnasts.

(D) Because they desire to be as thin as possible, young female ballet dancers and gymnasts sometimes fail to maintain good eating habits.

(E) Young female ballet dancers and gymnasts sometimes fail to maintain good eating habits because they desire to be as thin as possible.


Meaning is crucial to solving this problem:
Understanding the intended meaning is key to solving this question; the intended meaning of this sentence is that because young female ballet dancers and gymnasts desire to be as thin as possible, they sometimes fail to maintain good eating habits.

Concepts tested here: Meaning + Modifiers + Pronouns + Awkwardness/Redundancy

• In a “phrase + comma + noun” construction, the phrase must correctly modify the noun; this is one of the most frequently tested concepts on GMAT sentence correction.

A: This answer choice alters the meaning of the sentence through the phrase "good eating habits caused by the desire to be as thin as possible"; the construction of this phrase illogically implies that the good eating habits that the ballet dancers and gymnasts sometimes fail to maintain are causedd by the desire to be as thin as possible; the intended meaning is that because the ballet dancers and gymnasts desire to be as thin as possible, they sometimes fail to maintain good eating habits.

B: This answer choice alters the meaning of the sentence through the phrase “young female ballet dancers and gymnasts caused by desiring to be as thin as possible”; the construction of this phrase illogically implies that the ballet dancers and gymnasts were caused by the desire to be as thin as possible; the intended meaning is that the ballet dancers' and gymnasts' failure to maintain good eating habits was caused by their desire to be as thin as possible. Further, Option B uses the passive voice construction “fail to be maintained”, rendering it needlessly indirect.

C: This answer choice incorrectly uses “Because they desire to be as thin as possible” to modify “good eating habits”, incorrectly implying that the eating habits themselves desire to be as thin as possible; the intended meaning is that the ballet dancers and gymnasts desire to be as thin as possible; please remember, in a “phrase + comma + noun” construction, the phrase must correctly modify the noun.

D: Correct. This answer choice correctly uses “Because they desire to be as thin as possible” to modify “young female ballet dancers and gymnasts”, conveying the intended meaning- that because young female ballet dancers and gymnasts desire to be as thin as possible, they sometimes fail to maintain good eating habits - and avoiding the pronoun error seen in Option E. Further, Option D is free of any awkwardness or redundancy.

E: Trap. This answer choice suffers from pronoun ambiguity; it is unclear whether “they” refers to “ballet dancers and gymnasts” or “eating habits”.

Hence, D is the best answer choice.

To understand the concept of "Phrase Comma Subject" and "Subject Comma Phrase" on GMAT, you may want to watch the following video (~1 minute):



All the best!
Experts' Global Team


Hi, this is so disappointing!
Can "eating habits" desire something? How can "they" refer to eating habits. It will be very upsetting if GMAT actually designs a sentence like this.

Posted from my mobile device
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Hello souvik19,

We hope this finds you well.

To answer your query, there appears to have been some misunderstanding; the correct answer choice - Option D uses the phrase “Because they desire to be as thin as possible” to modify “young female ballet dancers and gymnasts”; thus, "they" refers to “young female ballet dancers and gymnasts”, correctly conveying that the dancers and gymnasts desire to be as thin as possible.

We hope this helps.
All the best!
Experts' Global Team
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Young female ballet dancers and gymnasts sometimes fail to maintain 25 Dec 2022, 08:34
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GMAT Ninja, if you could please explain.

Pronoun ambiguity is not an absolute rule as you say. Why do we reject option E based on that then? isn't E structured much better than D?
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Young female ballet dancers and gymnasts sometimes fail to maintain 26 Dec 2022, 06:12
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Ibi97
GMAT Ninja, if you could please explain.

Pronoun ambiguity is not an absolute rule as you say. Why do we reject option E based on that then? isn't E structured much better than D?
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Hello Ibi97,

We hope this finds you well.

To answer your query, although pronoun ambiguity is not necessarily a dealbreaker, it is a demerit, so the fact that D is structured such that it avoids pronoun ambiguity actually means it is structured better than E.

We hope this helps.
All the best!
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Young female ballet dancers and gymnasts sometimes fail to maintain 28 Dec 2023, 01:31
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