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Oh, by the way - before I proceed with any more explanations - Merry Christmas everyone :D !

Also, I immediately realized I got this one wrong last evening, so might as well get into why this one's tricky and how can folks like me not fall for these traps in the exam...

Now, to the question:

A museum has a different number of people visit them every day for 12 consecutive days. The smallest of these counts is 27. We need to find the largest.

As of now, with the stem alone, we can tell that the smallest may by 27, but the largest can be any number.

Statement 1: We insert a condition - the range of the visitor count for the 12 days was at most 12.

This was honestly the trickier part, but I was able to figure that out. But sometimes when you're looking for the tricky trick, you miss out on the obvious one. I'll get to that in Statement II.

Anyway, we see that the range of visitors is 12. Nope. Incorrect. The range is, at most, 12 :) How does this make a difference when we're looking at 12 consecutive days but? It does.

Let's take the least number of visitors it could possible be for each day:

We start at 27. So, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38. We start at 27, and end at 38. That's a range of 38 - 27 = 11. Not 12. 39 is very much possible - as we're given a nice little "at most". So, all we can tell here is, that the largest count may either be 39 or 38.

Hence, Statement I alone is not enough.

Statement 2: Okay, so this means, 33 was the Median - or the number that lies in the middle of the visitor counts arranged in an ascending order.

If we take the lowest possible counts - 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33 - we'll have the 33 appear as the 7th term. In an even set of terms, the median for 12 terms will be the average of the two middle terms - the 6th and the 7th in this case. Since it can't be 32.5, we can make a bit of an adjustment. Maybe a 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 34 for good measure. That's a 32 + 34 / 2 = 33.

But what about the subsequent 5 counts, beyond the 34? They could be anything (since we don't have the "12 is the range condition" in Statement 2. That could be 48, 49, 82, 96,543 for all you know. The median doesn't impact that.

Hence, Statement II alone isn't sufficient. Now, I forgot to remove the "range is 12 condition" from my head. And marked this wrong.


Both statements together: We know that the maximum term possible is 39. We also know that, since the Median is 33, there's no way we don't have 34 as the 7th term, which'll make 39 the 12th term. Simple. We have the answer. Both taken together. C.


Bunuel
A museum recorded the number of visitors for each of 12 consecutive days. If the visitor counts were all different and the smallest daily visitor count was 27, what was the largest daily visitor count?

(1) The range of the visitor counts for the 12 days was at most 12.
(2) The median visitor count over the 12 days was 33.

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Since we have 12 different numbers starting from 27, the absolute minimm for the highest number of visitors is \(27+11=38. \) However, we need to learn more to find the actal number :)
(1) The range was maximum 12, which means the maximum highest value could be \(27+12=39.\) However, the range could be smaller, and we could still have 38 as well. Insufficient.

(2) For each number to be different, the median must be placed between the 6th and 7th elements: {27 28 29 30 31 32 | 34 ......}. Therefore, we know the first 7, but we have no idea how high the numbers will end up, maybe even at 100. Insufficient.

(1) + (2) Since the maximum range is 12 and we do 'skip' one value (use 32 & 34 in the middle instead of 33), then the only max value we can have is 39. Sufficient.
The asnwer is C.
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So minimum is 27 given and all 12 are different

Now if we consider 1st statement the

2 condition possible that maximum number could be 38 or 39..since range is atmost 12 then this could be possible so insufficient

Now consider statement 2

median 33 then maximum is not guarantee...so insufficient

Now if we consider both statement together

then for median to be 33 and since numbers are even then 32 should be 6th number and 34 should be 7th with this only possible asnwer would be 39 as the maximum number,

So using both these info we can deduce our final number
Hence (C)
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Days = 12
Every day different counts
Smallest count = 27

1) Range is at most 12

This suggests the largest number <= 27 + 12
=> Largest number <= 39, hence we can have two possible values of largest number, it could be 38 or 39

2) Median visitor count = 33
Since this is an even numbered set, we know that the sum of the 6th and 7th values would be 66
However, we have no clue what the greatest number in the set can be.

Statement 1 and 2 we get
We know the 6th and 7th numbers are 32 and 34. We have 5 numbers either side of this.
If we subtract 1 for each day from 32 we get
27, 28, 29, 30, 31 32

If we add 1 to 34 each day for the next 6 days we get
34., 35, 36, 37, 38, 39

This is the only sequence that follows all constraints, hence together we can get a definite answer

Option C
Bunuel
A museum recorded the number of visitors for each of 12 consecutive days. If the visitor counts were all different and the smallest daily visitor count was 27, what was the largest daily visitor count?

(1) The range of the visitor counts for the 12 days was at most 12.
(2) The median visitor count over the 12 days was 33.

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Let's analyse the problem first:
27 is the minimum number and the 12 numbers different

I) 12 the range, this means the maximum is 39 ==> SUFFICIENT
II) 33 the median ==> (even number of elements) ==> 27 28 29 30 31 32 | 34 X X X X ==> NOT SUFFICIENT

IMO A!
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The set consists of 27,x2,x3...x12

ST1: Range = Max - Min
Max-27<=12 => Max<=39

Since the values must be distinct, the smallest possible set is : 27,28,29,...38

But since range is atmost 12, the largest value could be 38 or 39. Not sufficient.

St2: Median = (x6+x7)/2 = 33 => x6+x7 = 66

Possible pairs (30,36), (31,35) and each choice leads to different possible largest values, depending on how spread out the upper numbers are. Not sufficient.

Combined,
From 1, we have max<=39
From 2, middle value is fixed around 33 and since all the values are distinct, the possible set : 27,28,...33,..39 for which median is 33 and range is 12. Hence, the largest value is 39.

Option C
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