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A diet high in saturated fats increases a person's risk of developing
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16 Sep 2004, 16:44
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47
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A
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E
Difficulty:
45% (medium)
Question Stats:
69% (02:06) correct 31% (02:25) wrong based on 1648 sessions
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A diet high in saturated fats increases a person's risk of developing heart disease. Regular consumption of red wine reduces that risk. Per-capita consumption of saturated fats is currently about the same in France as in the United States, but there is less heart disease there than in the United States because consumption of red wine is higher in France. The difference in regular red-wine consumption has been narrowing, but no similar convergence in heart-disease rates has occurred.
Which of the following, if true, most helps to account for the lack of convergence noted above?
(A) Consumption of saturated fats is related more strongly to the growth of fatty deposits on artery walls, which reduce blood flow to the heart, than it is to heart disease directly.
(B) Over the past 30 years, per-capita consumption of saturated fats has remained essentially unchanged in the United States but has increased somewhat in France.
(C) Reports of the health benefits of red wine have led many people in the United States to drink red wine regularly.
(D) Cigarette smoking, which can also contribute to heart disease, is only slightly more common in France than in the United States.
(E) Regular consumption of red wine is declining dramatically among young adults in France, and heart disease typically does not manifest itself until middle age.
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16 Sep 2004, 21:01
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Quote:
The difference in regular red-wine consumption has been narrowing, but no similar convergence in heart-disease rates has occurred
The above means that either US population has been drinking more red wine or France population has been drinking less wine so that their wine consumption narrowed (the gap in wine consumption b/w the two diminished)
E explains why wine consumption dimished in France (youngsters drink less of it) but why heart diseases are still high(because only middle-aged people are affected). This resolves the paradox at hand
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16 Sep 2004, 16:57
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E for me
If consumption of wine by youngsters has declined, it would explain why, despite the overall narrowing of wine consumption b/w US/France, there is no change in the overall heart disease; the decrease of wine consumption affects only younger people who are not affected by heart diseases (only middle-aged people are affected)
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16 Sep 2004, 20:55
Paul wrote:
E for me If consumption of wine by youngsters has declined, it would explain why, despite the overall narrowing of wine consumption b/w US/France, there is no change in the overall heart disease; the decrease of wine consumption affects only younger people who are not affected by heart diseases (only middle-aged people are affected)
Paul , can you explain what does the last sentence in the passage mean?
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17 Sep 2004, 07:02
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Got E too. Agree with Paul's explanation. To add,
"The difference in regular red-wine consumption has been narrowing" may mean two things - US is drinking more wine OR france is drinking less wine. ETS trap would be make us think that the first (US drinking more wine) has happened, but actually it is the second case (E).
Moreover, E, by bringing in "heart disease typically does not manifest itself until middle age" shows that the convergence of heart disease may happen in future, but not immediately.
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19 Feb 2009, 04:16
IMO E. Consumption is declining therefore the gap is reducing but no convergence observed till now because disease does not come until middle age.
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Re: A diet high in saturated fats increases a person's risk of developing
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06 May 2015, 00:44
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My explanation
Which of the following, if true, most helps to account for the lack of convergence noted above?
A. Consumption of saturated fats is related more strongly to the growth of fatty deposits on artery walls, which reduce blood flow to the heart, than it is to heart disease directly. this doesn't tell us about why US heart disease rate is not matching up with heart disease rate of france
B. Over the past 30 years, per-capita consumption of saturated fats has remained essentially unchanged in the United States but has increased somewhat in France. this statement suggests that heart disease rates of two countries might be going towards convergence. we need to find answer that explains why there is a lack of convergence in heart disease
C. Reports of the health benefits of red wine have led many people in the United States to drink red wine regularly. in US,wine consumption has increased but nothing mentioned about saturated fat consumption rate increase/decrease which contributes to heart disease so this doesn't explain lack of convergence in heart rates
D. Cigarette smoking, which can also contribute to heart disease, is only slightly more common in France than in the United States. if cigarette smoking increases somewhat in France, but doesn't tell convincingly about huge impact of heart disease due to increased smoking in France
E. Regular consumption of red wine is declining dramatically among young adults in France, and heart disease typically does not manifest itself until middle age.[/quote] correct, dramatic reduction of red wine consumption among youths in France means difference in wine consumption is narrowing between two countries but there is no consumption reduction among middle age people in france who are prone to heart disease. This tells why there is a convergence on wine consumption but nothing on heart disease rate
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06 May 2015, 11:29
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I guess B and E are the likeable choices here.
you're looking for a reason why heart disease rates have NOT gotten closer to each other, even though the rates of red wine consumption have gotten closer to each other.
in this respect, choice (b) is actually the worst possible outcome, because it accomplishes exactly the opposite of this end -- choice (b), if true, would be another reason why the gap WOULD narrow. i.e., you need a reason that would keep the french heart disease rates lower than the american rates, despite the other evidence; choice (b), on the other hand, is a factor that would actually push the french rate closer to the american rate -- exactly the opposite of what you actually want.
choice (e), on the other hand, is exactly the type of explanation that you are looking for: since the onset of heart disease is delayed, this explanation leads to the conclusion that, for the time being, this change in behavior on the part of young adults will have no effect; it won't start to bring the french heart disease rate closer to the corresponding american rate until those young adults reach middle age.
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06 Jun 2016, 03:32
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A diet high in saturated fats increases a person's risk of developing heart disease. Regular consumption of red wine reduces that risk. Per-capita consumption of saturated fats is currently about the same in France as in the United States, but there is less heart disease there than in the United States because consumption of red wine is higher in France. The difference in regular red-wine consumption has been narrowing, but no similar convergence in heart-disease rates has occurred.
Diet high in saturated fats increases a person's risk of developing heart disease Regular consumption of red wine reduces the risk . Per capita consumption of saturated fats is about the same in France and US , but red wine consumption is higher in France . Difference in red wine consumption has been decreasing , however no similar convergence in heart-disease rates has occurred.
Paradox -
A. Consumption of saturated fats is related more strongly to the growth of fatty deposits on artery walls, which reduce blood flow to the heart, than it is to heart disease directly. Irrelevant
B. Over the past 30 years, per-capita consumption of saturated fats has remained essentially unchanged in the United States but has increased somewhat in France. Irrelevant
C. Reports of the health benefits of red wine have led many people in the United States to drink red wine regularly. Does not help the resolve the paradox
D. Cigarette smoking, which can also contribute to heart disease, is only slightly more common in France than in the United States. It does not resolve the paradox , but on the contrary does the opposite .
E. Regular consumption of red wine is declining dramatically among young adults in France, and heart disease typically does not manifest itself until middle age. Correct - Consumption of red wine is declining among young adults in France but the effects will only manifest when these people are in middle age.
Answer E
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Re: A diet high in saturated fats increases a person's risk of developing
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07 Jun 2016, 22:14
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chunjuwu wrote:
A diet high in saturated fats increases a person's risk of developing heart disease. Regular consumption of red wine reduces that risk. Per-capita consumption of saturated fats is currently about the same in France as in the United States, but there is less heart disease there than in the United States because consumption of red wine is higher in France. The difference in regular red-wine consumption has been narrowing, but no similar convergence in heart-disease rates has occurred.
Which of the following, if true, most helps to account for the lack of convergence noted above?
A. Consumption of saturated fats is related more strongly to the growth of fatty deposits on artery walls, which reduce blood flow to the heart, than it is to heart disease directly.
B. Over the past 30 years, per-capita consumption of saturated fats has remained essentially unchanged in the United States but has increased somewhat in France.
C. Reports of the health benefits of red wine have led many people in the United States to drink red wine regularly.
D. Cigarette smoking, which can also contribute to heart disease, is only slightly more common in France than in the United States.
E. Regular consumption of red wine is declining dramatically among young adults in France, and heart disease typically does not manifest itself until middle age.
Stem : Resolve paradox. Per capita consumption of wine in France is currently similar to US but heart attack less in France.
Premise 1 : Red wine reduces heart attacks.
The word to note here is per capita. So we don't know who is consuming the wine. It could be a 90 - 10 scenario where 90% of wine is consumed by 10% people.
Looking at the options, only E stands true.
So middle aged folks are drinking wine, young people are not.... This explains why even though per capita consumption of wine is similar to US, heart attacks are less
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30 Jul 2016, 05:28
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the key here is "The difference in regular red-wine consumption has been narrowing."
Out of B and E, E answers the paradox. For option B, it's possible that RW consumption in F increased along with the mentioned increase in SF consumption. This change ,along with the increase in RW consumption in USA, should have narrowed the gap in the number of heart decrease in the two countries. But as per the argument that didn't happen.
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14 Aug 2016, 05:05
The difference in regular red-wine consumption has been narrowing, but no similar convergence in heart-disease rates has occurred.
The narrowing difference need not be because of more consumption of Alcohol from USA. It can also be attributed to what has been mentioned in point E ( Regular consumption of red wine is declining dramatically among young adults in France ).
By this, the red wine consumption of middle age people USA has not changed much, but the middle age people in France continue their regular consumption of red wine.
Hence E is correct.
E. Regular consumption of red wine is declining dramatically among young adults in France, and heart disease typically does not manifest itself until middle age.
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