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20 Oct 2020, 23:58
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D
Be sure to select an answer first to save it in the Error Log before revealing the correct answer (OA)!
Difficulty:
55%
(hard)
Question Stats:
50% (01:15) correct
50%
(01:11)
wrong
based on 353
sessions
History
Date
Time
Result
Not Attempted Yet
A series of troubling reports released by some of the top environmental organizations indicates that as much as 18,000 pieces of floating plastic, which is resistant to natural biodegradation, makes up every square kilometer of the ocean.
A) indicates that as much as 18,000 pieces of floating plastic, which is resistant to natural biodegradation, makes up
B) indicates that as much as 18,000 pieces of floating plastic, which is resistant to natural biodegradation, have made up
C) indicate that as many as 18,000 pieces of floating plastic, which is resistant to natural biodegradation, is making up
D) indicates that as many as 18,000 pieces of floating plastic, which are resistant to natural biodegradation, make up
E) indicate that as many of 18,000 pieces of floating plastic, which are resistant to natural biodegradation, make up
21 Oct 2020, 00:02
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OFFICIAL EXPLANATION
THE PROMPT
THE OPTIONS
→ pieces of floating plastic are countable; to talk about countable nouns, we use as many as
• the verb is should be are in order to match the plural subject pieces of floating plastic
• makes up should be make up to agree with the plural subject pieces of floating plastic
ELIMINATE A
• just as is the case in option A, as much as should be as many as
• again as is the case in option A, the verb is should be are
• have made up should be make up
→ have made up (present perfect) is a weird choice, one that is inferior to the simple present tense, make up.
ELIMINATE B
• the verb indicate should be the verb indicates in order to match the subject series
→ series can be singular or plural; if series carries the singular sense of one set, it takes a singular verb.
If series conveys the plural sense of two or more sets, it takes a plural verb.
Singular: A series of lectures is scheduled.
Plural: Two series of lectures are scheduled: one for experts and one for laypeople.
See Usage Note, here.
Although there may be a few or many reports, from context, there is one series of reports about this disturbing problem of plastic in the ocean.
• as is the case in options A and B, the verb is should be are
• is making up should be make up.
→ We use simple present tense in a general statement such as this one.
ELIMINATE C
→ series . . . indicates
→ pieces of plastic, which are
Which refers to 18,000 pieces.
→ pieces . . . make up
KEEP
• as many OF is not idiomatic; as many AS is idiomatic
ELIMINATE E
The correct answer is D.
• • Very short POE • •
This question is difficult.
I suppose that you might try to insist that series is plural—but other errors lead to option D, in which case series must be singular.
• Split #1: pieces of plastic are countable
For countable nouns, we use as many as, never as much as
Eliminate A and B
• Split #2: to convey general facts, use simple present verb tense
Option C uses "is making up."
Eliminate C
• Split #3: as many OF is not idiomatic; as many AS is idiomatic
Eliminate E.
The answer is D.
COMMENTS
jhavyom , welcome to SC Butler.
Kudos go to those who got the correct answer and explained well.
If you use my "short POE" reasoning, above, the answer is D irrespective of whether "series" is singular or plural.
Others get smiley faces for taking on a hard question.
Be safe, everyone.
Project SC Butler: Sentence Correction (SC2)
THE PROMPT
Quote:
A series of troubling reports released by some of the top environmental organizations indicates that as much as 18,000 pieces of floating plastic, which is resistant to natural biodegradation, makes up every square kilometer of the ocean.
THE OPTIONS
Quote:
A) indicates that as much as 18,000 pieces of floating plastic, which is resistant to natural biodegradation, makes up
• as much as should be as many as→ pieces of floating plastic are countable; to talk about countable nouns, we use as many as
• the verb is should be are in order to match the plural subject pieces of floating plastic
• makes up should be make up to agree with the plural subject pieces of floating plastic
ELIMINATE A
Quote:
B) indicates that as much as 18,000 pieces of floating plastic, which is resistant to natural biodegradation, have made up
• just as is the case in option A, as much as should be as many as
• again as is the case in option A, the verb is should be are
• have made up should be make up
→ have made up (present perfect) is a weird choice, one that is inferior to the simple present tense, make up.
ELIMINATE B
Quote:
C) indicate that as many as 18,000 pieces of floating plastic, which is resistant to natural biodegradation, is making up
• the verb indicate should be the verb indicates in order to match the subject series
→ series can be singular or plural; if series carries the singular sense of one set, it takes a singular verb.
If series conveys the plural sense of two or more sets, it takes a plural verb.
Singular: A series of lectures is scheduled.
Plural: Two series of lectures are scheduled: one for experts and one for laypeople.
See Usage Note, here.
Although there may be a few or many reports, from context, there is one series of reports about this disturbing problem of plastic in the ocean.
• as is the case in options A and B, the verb is should be are
• is making up should be make up.
→ We use simple present tense in a general statement such as this one.
ELIMINATE C
Quote:
D) indicates that as many as 18,000 pieces of floating plastic, which are resistant to natural biodegradation, make up
• I see no issues→ series . . . indicates
→ pieces of plastic, which are
Which refers to 18,000 pieces.
→ pieces . . . make up
KEEP
Quote:
E) indicate that as many of 18,000 pieces of floating plastic, which are resistant to natural biodegradation, make up
• indicate should be indicates; the subject is series, singular• as many OF is not idiomatic; as many AS is idiomatic
ELIMINATE E
The correct answer is D.
• • Very short POE • •
This question is difficult.
I suppose that you might try to insist that series is plural—but other errors lead to option D, in which case series must be singular.
• Split #1: pieces of plastic are countable
For countable nouns, we use as many as, never as much as
Eliminate A and B
• Split #2: to convey general facts, use simple present verb tense
Option C uses "is making up."
Eliminate C
• Split #3: as many OF is not idiomatic; as many AS is idiomatic
Eliminate E.
The answer is D.
COMMENTS
jhavyom , welcome to SC Butler.
Kudos go to those who got the correct answer and explained well.
If you use my "short POE" reasoning, above, the answer is D irrespective of whether "series" is singular or plural.
Others get smiley faces for taking on a hard question.
Be safe, everyone.
A series of troubling reports (N-Singular) **** 'Reports' is plural but 'a series of reports' is singular 
released by some of the top environmental organizations (Modifier modifying Series of reports)
indicates (V- Singular)
that
as much as (as much as must be used for non countable nouns)
18,000 pieces of floating plastic (Countable noun)
, which is (Must be are as pieces are plural) resistant to natural biodegradation, (Non Essential Modifier)
makes (Must be make, we need a plural verb for pieces)
up every square kilometer of the ocean.
Only Answer option D is correct, rest all options has some or the other errors.
Errors are highlighted below:
A) indicates that as much as 18,000 pieces of floating plastic, which is resistant to natural biodegradation, makes up
B) indicates that as much as 18,000 pieces of floating plastic, which is resistant to natural biodegradation, have made up
C) indicate that as many as 18,000 pieces of floating plastic, which is resistant to natural biodegradation, is making up
D) indicates that as many as 18,000 pieces of floating plastic, which are resistant to natural biodegradation, make up
E) indicate that as many of 18,000 pieces of floating plastic, which are resistant to natural biodegradation, make up
Key Learning: Always keep an eye on the subject of the sentence. The subject can be a compound subject such as 'A series of troubling reports'. "Knowing the subject precisely" helps us in eliminating options
released by some of the top environmental organizations (Modifier modifying Series of reports)
indicates (V- Singular)
that
as much as (as much as must be used for non countable nouns)
18,000 pieces of floating plastic (Countable noun)
, which is (Must be are as pieces are plural) resistant to natural biodegradation, (Non Essential Modifier)
makes (Must be make, we need a plural verb for pieces)
up every square kilometer of the ocean.
Only Answer option D is correct, rest all options has some or the other errors.
Errors are highlighted below:
A) indicates that as much as 18,000 pieces of floating plastic, which is resistant to natural biodegradation, makes up
B) indicates that as much as 18,000 pieces of floating plastic, which is resistant to natural biodegradation, have made up
C) indicate that as many as 18,000 pieces of floating plastic, which is resistant to natural biodegradation, is making up
D) indicates that as many as 18,000 pieces of floating plastic, which are resistant to natural biodegradation, make up
E) indicate that as many of 18,000 pieces of floating plastic, which are resistant to natural biodegradation, make up
Key Learning: Always keep an eye on the subject of the sentence. The subject can be a compound subject such as 'A series of troubling reports'. "Knowing the subject precisely" helps us in eliminating options
