Last visit was: 03 Jun 2024, 03:53 It is currently 03 Jun 2024, 03:53
Close
GMAT Club Daily Prep
Thank you for using the timer - this advanced tool can estimate your performance and suggest more practice questions. We have subscribed you to Daily Prep Questions via email.

Customized
for You

we will pick new questions that match your level based on your Timer History

Track
Your Progress

every week, we’ll send you an estimated GMAT score based on your performance

Practice
Pays

we will pick new questions that match your level based on your Timer History
Not interested in getting valuable practice questions and articles delivered to your email? No problem, unsubscribe here.
Close
Request Expert Reply
Confirm Cancel
SORT BY:
Date
Tags:
Show Tags
Hide Tags
Math Expert
Joined: 02 Sep 2009
Posts: 93502
Own Kudos [?]: 628768 [4]
Given Kudos: 82071
Send PM
Manager
Manager
Joined: 17 May 2021
Posts: 91
Own Kudos [?]: 38 [0]
Given Kudos: 24
Location: India
GMAT 1: 640 Q48 V29
GMAT 2: 730 Q50 V39
GMAT 3: 710 Q48 V39
GRE 1: Q166 V152
GPA: 3.4
Send PM
Intern
Intern
Joined: 13 Mar 2021
Posts: 3
Own Kudos [?]: 0 [0]
Given Kudos: 24
Location: India
Send PM
Admitted - Which School Forum Moderator
Joined: 25 Oct 2020
Posts: 1130
Own Kudos [?]: 1071 [0]
Given Kudos: 629
Schools: Ross '25 (M$)
GMAT 1: 740 Q49 V42 (Online)
Send PM
Albert Einstein dropped out of school before he reached the age of [#permalink]
monica9220 wrote:
I think C is the right answer as here we do not need to establish the sequencing hence use of verb "had" is not required..am i on the right track?
monica9220
I think we do need a past perfect to state the intended series of related events. That is: Dropping out of school and then reaching the age of fifteen.
In my opinion thus, option D makes more sense.

Original sentence can be broken down as: Option (D):

Albert Einstein (main subject)

- had dropped out of school before he reached the age of fifteen (Action 1)

and (conjunction), not having received a certificate (verb-ing modifier modifying the succeeding clause, also makes sense with the doer),

- was not accepted into the Polytechnic school in Zurich. (Action 2)
Intern
Intern
Joined: 06 Jul 2021
Posts: 4
Own Kudos [?]: 3 [2]
Given Kudos: 2
Location: Peru
Send PM
Re: Albert Einstein dropped out of school before he reached the age of [#permalink]
2
Kudos
Hi, could someone explain to me why the correct answer is B? I don't think the use uf past perfect "had dropped out" is necessary since the order of events its clear thanks to the "before".
Intern
Intern
Joined: 01 Nov 2020
Posts: 25
Own Kudos [?]: 3 [0]
Given Kudos: 9
Send PM
Re: Albert Einstein dropped out of school before he reached the age of [#permalink]
Why option B is correct? The statement includes "before" which clearly states the occurrence of that event
Experts' Global Representative
Joined: 10 Jul 2017
Posts: 5125
Own Kudos [?]: 4685 [2]
Given Kudos: 38
Location: India
GMAT Date: 11-01-2019
Send PM
Albert Einstein dropped out of school before he reached the age of [#permalink]
2
Kudos
Expert Reply
medhawi wrote:
Why option B is correct? The statement includes "before" which clearly states the occurrence of that event


Hello tatubis and medhawi,

We hope this finds you well.

Having gone through the question and your queries, we believe we can help resolve your doubts.

When the chronology is clear because of terms such as "before/after/when/earlier/later"…or because of clear mention of dates, using the past perfect tense is not required, but the use of the past perfect is not incorrect either, in such cases.

All the best!
Experts' Global Team

Originally posted by ExpertsGlobal5 on 23 Nov 2021, 07:20.
Last edited by ExpertsGlobal5 on 21 Dec 2021, 03:38, edited 1 time in total.
Intern
Intern
Joined: 06 Jul 2021
Posts: 4
Own Kudos [?]: 3 [0]
Given Kudos: 2
Location: Peru
Send PM
Albert Einstein dropped out of school before he reached the age of [#permalink]
ExpertsGlobal5 thanks for the reply! If past perfect tense is not necessary why would A) be incorrect though?
Experts' Global Representative
Joined: 10 Jul 2017
Posts: 5125
Own Kudos [?]: 4685 [1]
Given Kudos: 38
Location: India
GMAT Date: 11-01-2019
Send PM
Re: Albert Einstein dropped out of school before he reached the age of [#permalink]
1
Kudos
Expert Reply
tatubis wrote:
ExpertsGlobal5 thanks for the reply! If past perfect tense is not necessary why would A) be incorrect though?


Hello tatubis,

We hope this finds you well.

The issue here is that there are more than two events taking place in this sentence - Einstein dropping out of school, Einstein reaching the age of fifteen, and Einstein not being accepted into the Polytechnic school. Thus, although "before" indicates the chronology of the first two events, it does not do so for the chronology between Einstein dropping out of school and Einstein not being accepted into the Polytechnic school, so past perfect is needed to illustrate the order of those two.

We hope this helps.
All the best!
Experts' Global Team
Intern
Intern
Joined: 24 Apr 2022
Posts: 27
Own Kudos [?]: 4 [0]
Given Kudos: 129
Location: India
Schools: ISB '25 (S)
GMAT 1: 710 Q51 V35
Send PM
Albert Einstein dropped out of school before he reached the age of [#permalink]
Quote:
Albert Einstein dropped out of school before he reached the age of fifteen and, without a certificate, was not accepted into the Polytechnic school in Zurich.
(A) dropped out of school before he reached the age of fifteen and, without a certificate, was
(B) had dropped out of school before he reached the age of fifteen and, without a certificate, was
(C) dropped out of school, without a certificate, before he reached the age of fifteen and, was
(D) had dropped out of school before he reached the age of fifteen and, not having received a certificate, was
(E) had dropped out of school before he reached the age of fifteen and, without a certificate, were


I see there are two events happening in the past:

Albert Einstein -> dropped out of school
-> not accepted into college

what happened first? because he didn't attend the school, he hadn't received the certificate and therefore he couldn't get into college

So we need past perfect.

A & C are out.
E has 'were' -> out

(B) had dropped out of school before he reached the age of fifteen and, without a certificate, was
(D) had dropped out of school before he reached the age of fifteen and, not having received a certificate, was

B feels better.
GMAT Club Bot
Albert Einstein dropped out of school before he reached the age of [#permalink]
Moderators:
GMAT Club Verbal Expert
6952 posts
GMAT Club Verbal Expert
238 posts