Dear Friends,
Here is a detailed explanation to this question-
gamjatang
Almost like clones in their similarity to one another,
the cheetah species’ homogeneity makes them especially vulnerable to disease.
(A) the cheetah species’ homogeneity makes them especially vulnerable to disease
(B) the cheetah species is especially vulnerable to disease because of its homogeneity
(C) the homogeneity of the cheetah species makes it especially vulnerable to disease
(D) homogeneity makes members of the cheetah species especially vulnerable to disease
(E) members of the cheetah species are especially vulnerable to disease because of their homogeneity
Meaning is crucial to solving this problem:Understanding the intended meaning is key to solving this question; the intended meaning of this sentence is that cheetahs are almost like clones in their similarity to one another, and they are especially vulnerable to disease because of their homogeneity.
Concepts tested here: Meaning + Modifiers + Pronouns• In a “phrase + comma + noun” construction, the phrase must correctly modify the noun; this is one of the most frequently tested concepts on GMAT sentence correction.
• Collective nouns (such as “species” in this sentence) are always singular.
A: This answer choice incorrectly uses "Almost like clones in their similarity to one another" to modify "the cheetah species’ homogeneity", leading to an incoherent meaning; the intended meaning is that cheetahs are almost like clones in their similarity to one another; please remember, in a “phrase + comma + noun” construction, the phrase must correctly modify the noun. Further, Option A incorrectly refers to the singular noun "cheetah species'" with the plural pronouns "their" and "them"; please remember, collective nouns (such as “species” in this sentence) are always singular.
B: This answer choice incorrectly uses "Almost like clones in their similarity to one another" to modify "the cheetah species", leading to an incoherent meaning; the intended meaning is that cheetahs are almost like clones in their similarity to one another; please remember, in a “phrase + comma + noun” construction, the phrase must correctly modify the noun. Further, Option B incorrectly refers to the singular noun "the cheetah species" with the plural pronoun "their"; please remember, collective nouns (such as “species” in this sentence) are always singular.
C: This answer choice incorrectly uses "Almost like clones in their similarity to one another" to modify "the homogeneity", leading to an incoherent meaning; the intended meaning is that cheetahs are almost like clones in their similarity to one another; please remember, in a “phrase + comma + noun” construction, the phrase must correctly modify the noun. Further, Option C incorrectly refers to the singular noun "homogeneity" with the plural pronoun "their".
D: This answer choice incorrectly uses "Almost like clones in their similarity to one another" to modify "homogeneity", leading to an incoherent meaning; the intended meaning is that cheetahs are almost like clones in their similarity to one another; please remember, in a “phrase + comma + noun” construction, the phrase must correctly modify the noun. Further, Option D incorrectly refers to the singular noun "homogeneity" with the plural pronoun "their".
E: Correct. This answer choice correctly uses "Almost like clones in their similarity to one another" to modify "members of the cheetah species", conveying the intended meaning - that cheetahs are almost like clones in their similarity to one another. Further, Option E correctly uses the plural pronoun "their" to refer to the plural noun "members".
Hence, E is the best answer choice.To understand the concept of "Phrase Comma Subject" and "Subject Comma Phrase" on GMAT, you may want to watch the following video (~1minute):
All the best!
Experts' Global Team