Q1. The authors of the passage repeat “40 percent” (line 5 and line 22) most likely in order to

IMO Option B

(A) support a claim they believe many people will doubt. - Not relevant, nobody is doubting. Incorrect
(B) emphasize a number they believe is too large. - Repetition is usually to emphasize something! 40% is actually quite large. Correct
(C) correct a perception they believe is incorrect. - Not mentioned in the passage - nobody said this is incorrect. Incorrect
(D) ensure the reader understands how they arrived at their calculations. - calculations are not described in the passage, just the percentage is mentioned. Incorrect
(E) provide the reader raw data from which to draw a conclusion. - Conclusion/Point of the passage is something else. Though 40% helps us get the size of the expenditure, it does not help is in making the main conclusion of the passage - marketplace and ballot box. Incorrect

Q2. It can be inferred from the passage that, over time, Personal Indepence Day would occur later in the year because

IMO Option E

(A) people are unaware of how much of their income goes to taxes each year. - Irrelevant. That can't change the cycle. Incorrect
(B) people’s incomes are not growing as rapidly as they were in the past. - Not mentioned in the passage. Incorrect
(C) people are spending a greater percentage of their income each year on taxes. This looks like false. It is mentioned that over 40% of income is being spent. No comparison is given. Incorrect
(D) people misunderstand the underlying desires that motivate their spending. Not mentioned in the passage. Independence Day is to ensure that people spend their income on their personal desire rather than give it to the Govt. Misunderstanding is neither mentioned nor it can affect the cycle. Incorrect
(E) people in the minority have to wait for the next opportunity to vote. Correct! This is mentioned and can delay the Independence Day as people have to wait for their tun every year. Correct


Q3. According to the passage, one result of the current political process for determining government spending is that

IMO Option E

(A) the government has more funds than it needs to operate efficiently. – Not mentioned. Incorrect
(B) the government is unable to secure the public’s confidence. – Though it is mentioned that ballot box produces conformity without unanimity, the passage says nothing about public’s confidence. Unanimity means consensus which is different from confidence. Incorrect
(C) voters who are in the majority tend to be highly satisfied. – Not mentioned in the passage and wrong to infer. Majority rule may apply but that doesn’t mean that they are satisfied. It is also mentioned in line 28 “If you are in the majority, you will at best get both the items you favored and the ones you opposed but regarded as on balance less important.” Incorrect
(D) voters rarely get exactly what they want. This is very close but slightly misleading. The passage states that the majority ‘at best’ gets both items – what they favoured and opposed. It doesn’t state that they would rarely get what they exactly want – in fact it can be inferred that they may never get what they exactly want. Incorrect
(E) non-voters must conform to the majority vote. – This can be inferred! The passage states that minority voters must conform to the majority vote. For someone who didn’t vote, he/she will have to conform to the majority. Correct


Q4. The authors’ remark in lines 36-38 (“The ballot... conformity”) most likely serves which purpose?

IMO: Option E

(A) To suggest that conformity is more desirable than unanimity. Not Mentioned – Irrelevant. Incorrect
(B) To caution that unanimity and conformity are incompatible aims. Irrelevant.. Not the purpose of the line. Incorrect
(C) To point out that two activities have similar flaws. Not relevant again. It is not the passage’s point to identify flaws in marketplace and ballot box. Incorrect
(D) To emphasize a sharp contrast between two familiar activities. Maybe but let’s read E. Incorrect
(E) To persuade the reader to vote only in certain situations. This is correct! The last line mentions the situation in which the voters must vote. Correct