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10 Jun 2021, 23:34
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B
Be sure to select an answer first to save it in the Error Log before revealing the correct answer (OA)!
Difficulty:
45%
(medium)
Question Stats:
61% (01:43) correct
39%
(02:01)
wrong
based on 647
sessions
History
Date
Time
Result
Not Attempted Yet
Animal welfare groups disdaining the standards of perfection delineated by breed registries such as the American Kennel Club and are trying to spread awareness about the problems created by such inbreeding practices.
A) Animal welfare groups disdaining the standards of perfection delineated by breed registries such as the American Kennel Club and are trying to spread awareness about
B) Animal welfare groups disdain the standards of perfection delineated by such breed registries as the American Kennel Club and are trying to spread awareness about
C) Animal welfare groups that disdain the standards of perfection delineated by breed registries such as the American Kennel Club and that are trying to spread awareness about
D) Animal welfare groups disdaining the standards of perfection delineated by breed registries such as the American Kennel Club and they are trying to spread awareness about
E) Delineated by breed registries such as the American Kennel Club, animal welfare groups disdain the standards of perfection and are trying to spread awareness about
Moderator Note: OPTION D WAS IDENTICAL TO OPTION A. I HAVE REPLACED THE ORIGINAL OPTION D.
10 Jun 2021, 23:37
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OFFICIAL EXPLANATION
THE PROMPT
The sentence tells us
(1) that animal welfare groups disdain, or are critical of, a practice promoted by breed registries (organizations that keep pedigree papers for animals), and
(2) that these animal welfare groups are trying to spread awareness about this problem.
THE OPTIONS
→ AND is a parallelism marker.
→ the words and are trying imply that there is another verb that precedes this one. No such verb exists.
→ disdaining is an adjective, not a verb.
Disdaining is a present participle. (A verbING word.)
→ That is, animal welfare groups disdaining XYZ means animal welfare groups who disdain XYZ.
→ for the word disdaining to be a verb (and it is NOT), we would need the very awkward "ARE disdaining."
No one says "are disdaining" in English.
ELIMINATE A
• the verbs disdain and are trying are fine.
→ Both are present tense. Both make sense.
→ Disdain is not really used in the present progressive tense.
It would be an epic diction error to say that they "are disdaining."
→ Verbs can change tenses within sentences.
These sentences are all correct:
→ I enjoy reading fiction and am trying to get Sarah to read with me.
→ Sarah had learned her lesson and never repeated that mistake again.
→ She was singing quietly and suddenly stopped.
→ none of the errors present in the other options are present in this option.
Meaning? In English, we often generalize.
We do not necessarily mean that all animal welfare groups do exactly the same thing all the time.
KEEP
→ The two instances of the word that "eat up" the two working verbs and leave no main verbs for the subject animal welfare groups.
This is a good rule of thumb to learn: if you see a relative pronoun (that, which, or who), start looking for at least two working verbs in the sentence.
Why? Because the main subject needs its own verb and the relative pronoun needs its own verb.
In other words, a relative pronoun such as that is itself a subject that needs a verb. If the relative pronoun "eats up" the verb, the main subject lacks a verb.
They are called relative clauses for a reason. Clauses contain a subject (the relative pronoun) and a verb (in this sentence, disdain and are trying).
→ This sentence is a fragment. It lacks any working verbs for the main subject.
ELIMINATE C
• Parallelism and the missing verb
→ In this option, whose problem is similar to that in option A, and they are trying signals that another verb precedes are trying. No such verb exists.
→ the word disdaining is an adjective, not a verb. See option A.
→ I typed in [ARE?] before disdaining to show you that if disdaining were a verb, it would be preceded by the word are in order to be a verb.
→ We cannot really even say "are disdaining."
The verb disdain is not used in this passive way (not "are disdaining"). People disdain something. Not: people are disdaining something.
• not necessarily fatal, but not good: do not repeat the subject if one subject does two things.
Repetition of the subject by using the word "they" is suspect. Sometimes such repetition is fatal. (In a close call, choose the one without the repetition.)
→ If one subject does two things,
(1) do not repeat the subject or use a pronoun (they) to do so, and
(2) almost always, do not place a comma before the second verb.
Some sentences will require a comma for clarity, but in general, avoid placing a comma before a second verb that shares a subject with another verb.
Correct: Kris bought lentils and cooked lentil soup. (One subject, two verbs, no comma before the second verb, and "he" is not repeated.)
Wrong: Kris bought lentils, and cooked lentil soup. (If one subject does two things, in general, do not place a comma before the second verb.
ELIMINATE D
→ the animal welfare groups were most certainly NOT "delineated by breed registries."
→ The modifier beginning with delineated is intended to modify the standards of perfection and not animal welfare groups
Breed registries are for animals. Yes, you will have to infer, from "kennel," that these things are for animals.
ELIMINATE E
The answer is B.
COMMENTS
As is the case in the other question for this day, the answers are stellar.
Really well done.
My apologies: in the original post, options A and D were identical.
I replaced the original D.
So, future readers: when you read this very good thread, you will see that the posters' analysis of D is different from mine.
The posters are not wrong. Their D was identical to A.
Keep up the good work, everyone.
Project SC Butler: Sentence Correction (SC2)
THE PROMPT
Quote:
• Meaning?
The sentence tells us
(1) that animal welfare groups disdain, or are critical of, a practice promoted by breed registries (organizations that keep pedigree papers for animals), and
(2) that these animal welfare groups are trying to spread awareness about this problem.
THE OPTIONS
Quote:
• parallelism
→ AND is a parallelism marker.
→ the words and are trying imply that there is another verb that precedes this one. No such verb exists.
→ disdaining is an adjective, not a verb.
Disdaining is a present participle. (A verbING word.)
→ That is, animal welfare groups disdaining XYZ means animal welfare groups who disdain XYZ.
→ for the word disdaining to be a verb (and it is NOT), we would need the very awkward "ARE disdaining."
No one says "are disdaining" in English.
ELIMINATE A
Quote:
• correct
• the verbs disdain and are trying are fine.
→ Both are present tense. Both make sense.
→ Disdain is not really used in the present progressive tense.
It would be an epic diction error to say that they "are disdaining."
→ Verbs can change tenses within sentences.
These sentences are all correct:
→ I enjoy reading fiction and am trying to get Sarah to read with me.
→ Sarah had learned her lesson and never repeated that mistake again.
→ She was singing quietly and suddenly stopped.
→ none of the errors present in the other options are present in this option.
Meaning? In English, we often generalize.
We do not necessarily mean that all animal welfare groups do exactly the same thing all the time.
KEEP
Quote:
• The case of the missing verbs
→ The two instances of the word that "eat up" the two working verbs and leave no main verbs for the subject animal welfare groups.
This is a good rule of thumb to learn: if you see a relative pronoun (that, which, or who), start looking for at least two working verbs in the sentence.
Why? Because the main subject needs its own verb and the relative pronoun needs its own verb.
In other words, a relative pronoun such as that is itself a subject that needs a verb. If the relative pronoun "eats up" the verb, the main subject lacks a verb.
They are called relative clauses for a reason. Clauses contain a subject (the relative pronoun) and a verb (in this sentence, disdain and are trying).
→ This sentence is a fragment. It lacks any working verbs for the main subject.
ELIMINATE C
Quote:
(Edited: in the original post, options A and D were identical. I replaced the original option D.)
• Parallelism and the missing verb
→ In this option, whose problem is similar to that in option A, and they are trying signals that another verb precedes are trying. No such verb exists.
→ the word disdaining is an adjective, not a verb. See option A.
→ I typed in [ARE?] before disdaining to show you that if disdaining were a verb, it would be preceded by the word are in order to be a verb.
→ We cannot really even say "are disdaining."
The verb disdain is not used in this passive way (not "are disdaining"). People disdain something. Not: people are disdaining something.
• not necessarily fatal, but not good: do not repeat the subject if one subject does two things.
Repetition of the subject by using the word "they" is suspect. Sometimes such repetition is fatal. (In a close call, choose the one without the repetition.)
→ If one subject does two things,
(1) do not repeat the subject or use a pronoun (they) to do so, and
(2) almost always, do not place a comma before the second verb.
Some sentences will require a comma for clarity, but in general, avoid placing a comma before a second verb that shares a subject with another verb.
Correct: Kris bought lentils and cooked lentil soup. (One subject, two verbs, no comma before the second verb, and "he" is not repeated.)
Wrong: Kris bought lentils, and cooked lentil soup. (If one subject does two things, in general, do not place a comma before the second verb.
ELIMINATE D
Quote:
• modifier error
→ the animal welfare groups were most certainly NOT "delineated by breed registries."
→ The modifier beginning with delineated is intended to modify the standards of perfection and not animal welfare groups
Breed registries are for animals. Yes, you will have to infer, from "kennel," that these things are for animals.
ELIMINATE E
The answer is B.
COMMENTS
As is the case in the other question for this day, the answers are stellar.
Really well done.
My apologies: in the original post, options A and D were identical.
I replaced the original D.
So, future readers: when you read this very good thread, you will see that the posters' analysis of D is different from mine.
The posters are not wrong. Their D was identical to A.
Keep up the good work, everyone.
General Discussion
11 Jun 2021, 01:07
Kudos
Bookmarks
My answer is (B). It took me 01:20.
(A) We have a pretty long noun phrase "Animal welfare groups disdaining the standards of perfection delineated by breed registries such as the American Kennel Club" followed by "and".
We expect another noun phrase after "and".
Instead, we see "are trying ..."
This is not even a soundly constructed sentence.
(B) So much better. "and" connects two verbs "disdain" and "are trying".
Two things to take note though. (1) "disdain" and "are trying" are not using the same verb tense. It can be explained, but watch out for alternative versions in other options. (2) It now conveys a different meaning, suggesting that all animal welfare groups disdain the standards. If there is just one exception, such blanket statement cannot hold.
Keep (B) for now.
(C) See (A).
(D) See (A). As much as I can tell, (D) is an exact replica of (A).
(E) Modifier "Delineated by breed registries such as the American Kennel Club" modifies "animal welfare groups", resulting in a comical interpretation.
Because other options are no contender, (B) is the winner.
(A) We have a pretty long noun phrase "Animal welfare groups disdaining the standards of perfection delineated by breed registries such as the American Kennel Club" followed by "and".
We expect another noun phrase after "and".
Instead, we see "are trying ..."
This is not even a soundly constructed sentence.
(B) So much better. "and" connects two verbs "disdain" and "are trying".
Two things to take note though. (1) "disdain" and "are trying" are not using the same verb tense. It can be explained, but watch out for alternative versions in other options. (2) It now conveys a different meaning, suggesting that all animal welfare groups disdain the standards. If there is just one exception, such blanket statement cannot hold.
Keep (B) for now.
(C) See (A).
(D) See (A). As much as I can tell, (D) is an exact replica of (A).
(E) Modifier "Delineated by breed registries such as the American Kennel Club" modifies "animal welfare groups", resulting in a comical interpretation.
Because other options are no contender, (B) is the winner.
